PostgreSQL源码编译安装（二）

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Raymond运维

发布于 2025-09-11 17:09:18

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代码可运行

2.3.3 创建数据库用户和组

PostgreSQL默认不支持以root 身份启动服务，虽然也可修改源码实现root启动,但基于安全考虑不建议，因此必须创建一个用于启动PostgrepSQL的普通用户

# 创建数据库用户和组,注意此用户需要可以交互登录
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、UOS Server、Ubuntu、Debian
useradd -s /bin/bash -m -d /home/postgres postgres

# openSUSE
groupadd postgres
useradd -s /bin/bash -m -d /home/postgres -g postgres postgres

# 修改postgres密码
echo postgres:123456|chpasswd

2.3.4 创建数据目录并授权

mkdir -p /data/pgsql/
chown -R postgres:postgres /data/pgsql/

2.2.5 设置环境变量

cat > /etc/profile.d/pgsql.sh <<EOF
export PGHOME=/apps/pgsql
export PATH=\$PGHOME/bin/:\$PATH
export PGDATA=/data/pgsql
export PGUSER=postgres
export MANPATH=\$PGHOME/share/man
EOF

. /etc/profile.d/pgsql.sh

2.2.6 初始化数据库

[root@rocky10 postgresql-17.6]# su - postgres -c '/apps/pgsql/bin/initdb  -D /data/pgsql'
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /data/pgsql ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default "max_connections" ... 100
selecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Asia/Shanghai
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
initdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /data/pgsql -l logfile start

2.4.7 准备启动脚本并启动服务

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、UOS Server、openSUSE
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service <<EOF 
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL database server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=postgres
Group=postgres
ExecStart=/apps/pgsql/bin/postgres -D /data/pgsql
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP \$MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# Ubuntu和Debian
cat > /lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service <<EOF 
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL database server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=postgres
Group=postgres
ExecStart=/apps/pgsql/bin/postgres -D /data/pgsql
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now postgresql

2.4.8 登录测试

[root@rocky10 postgresql-17.6]# sudo -u postgres /apps/pgsql/bin/psql -c "SELECT version();"
                                                version                                                
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PostgreSQL 17.6 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2) 9.4.0, 64-bit
(1 row)

[root@rocky10 postgresql-17.6]# su - postgres
Last login: Mon Sep  8 16:47:39 CST 2025 on pts/0
[postgres@rocky10 ~]$ psql
psql (17.6)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# help
You are using psql, the command-line interface to PostgreSQL.
Type:  \copyright for distribution terms
       \h for help with SQL commands
       \? for help with psql commands
       \g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
       \q to quit
postgres=# \q

2.4.9 一键安装PostgreSQL源码编译的脚本

Shell脚本源码地址：

Gitee：https://gitee.com/raymond9/shell

Github：https://github.com/raymond999999/shell

可以去上面的Gitee或Github代码仓库拉取脚本。

[root@rocky10 ~]# cat install_postgresql_source.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
#**********************************************************************************
#Author:        Raymond
#QQ:            88563128
#MP:            Raymond运维
#Date:          2025-09-10
#FileName:      install_postgresql_source.sh
#URL:           https://wx.zsxq.com/group/15555885545422
#Description:   The postgresql source script install supports 
#               “Rocky Linux 8, 9 and 10, Almalinux 8, 9 and 10, CentOS 7, 
#               CentOS Stream 8, 9 and 10, openEuler 22.03 and 24.03 LTS, 
#               AnolisOS 8 and 23, OpencloudOS 8 and 9, Kylin Server v10, 
#               UOS Server v20, Ubuntu Server 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 and 24.04 LTS,  
#               Debian 11 , 12 and 13, openSUSE 15“ operating systems.
#Copyright (C): 2025 All rights reserved
#**********************************************************************************
COLOR="echo -e \\033[01;31m"
END='\033[0m'

os(){
    . /etc/os-release
    MAIN_NAME=`sed -rn '/^NAME=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+).*"$@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];then
        MAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+)(.*)"$@\2@p' /etc/os-release`
    else
        MAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="?([0-9]+)\.?.*"?@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
        FULL_NAME="${PRETTY_NAME}"
    elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
        FULL_NAME="${NAME}"
    else
        FULL_NAME="${NAME} ${VERSION_ID}"
    fi
}

os
SRC_DIR=/usr/local/src
INSTALL_DIR=/apps/pgsql
DATA_DIR=/data/pgsql
DB_USER=postgres
POSTGRESQL_VERSION=17.6
POSTGRESQL_URL="https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v${POSTGRESQL_VERSION}/"
POSTGRESQL_FILE="postgresql-${POSTGRESQL_VERSION}.tar.gz"
DB_USER_PASSWORD=123456

check_file(){
    cd  ${SRC_DIR}
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];then
        rpm -q wget &> /dev/null || { ${COLOR}"安装wget工具，请稍等......"${END};yum -y install wget &> /dev/null; }
    fi
    if [ ! -e ${POSTGRESQL_FILE} ];then
        ${COLOR}"缺少${POSTGRESQL_FILE}文件！"${END}
        ${COLOR}'开始下载PostgreSQL源码包......'${END}
        wget ${POSTGRESQL_URL}${POSTGRESQL_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"PostgreSQL源码包下载失败！"${END}; exit; }
    else
        ${COLOR}"${POSTGRESQL_FILE}文件已准备好！"${END}
    fi
}

install_postgresql(){
    [ -d ${INSTALL_DIR} ] && { ${COLOR}"PostgreSQL数据库已存在，安装失败！"${END};exit; }
    ${COLOR}"开始安装PostgreSQL数据库......"${END}
    ${COLOR}'开始安装PostgreSQL依赖包，请稍等......'${END}
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];then
        yum install -y make gcc libicu-devel bison flex perl readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 7 ];then
            yum install -y gcc libicu-devel bison flex perl readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
        else
            yum install -y make gcc libicu-devel bison flex perl readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];then
        yum install -y make gcc libicu-devel bison flex readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 ];then
            yum install -y make gcc libicu-devel bison flex readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
        else
            yum install -y gcc libicu-devel bison flex readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel perl-FindBin perl-core docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
            yum install -y make gcc libicu-devel bison flex perl readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 20 ];then
            yum install -y libicu-devel bison flex perl readline-devel systemd-devel docbook-dtds docbook-style-xsl libxslt &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 15 ];then
            zypper install -y make gcc libicu-devel bison flex readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel systemd-devel docbook-xsl-stylesheets &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 18 ];then
            apt update && apt install -y make gcc pkg-config libicu-dev bison flex libreadline-dev libssl-dev libxml2-dev libsystemd-dev docbook-xml docbook-xsl libxml2-utils xsltproc fop
        else
            apt update && apt install -y make gcc pkg-config libicu-dev bison flex libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev libssl-dev libxml2-dev libsystemd-dev docbook-xml docbook-xsl libxml2-utils xsltproc fop
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == 'Debian' ];then
        apt update && apt install -y make gcc pkg-config libicu-dev bison flex libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev libssl-dev libxml2-dev libsystemd-dev docbook-xml docbook-xsl libxml2-utils xsltproc fop
    fi
    ${COLOR}'开始编译安装PostgreSQL，请稍等......'${END}
    cd  ${SRC_DIR}
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
            yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];then
            yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];then
            yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    tar xf ${POSTGRESQL_FILE}
    POSTGRESQL_DIR=`echo ${POSTGRESQL_FILE}| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
    cd ${POSTGRESQL_DIR}
    ./configure --prefix=${INSTALL_DIR} --with-openssl --with-libxml --with-systemd
    make -j $(nproc) world
    make install-world
    [ $? -eq 0 ] && ${COLOR}"PostgreSQL编译安装成功!"${END} ||  { ${COLOR}"PostgreSQL编译安装失败,退出!"${END};exit; }
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
        id ${DB_USER} &> /dev/null || { groupadd ${DB_USER} && useradd -s /bin/bash -m -d /home/${DB_USER} -g ${DB_USER} ${DB_USER}; ${COLOR}"成功创建${DB_USER}用户!"${END}; }
    else
        id ${DB_USER} &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /bin/bash -m -d /home/${DB_USER} ${DB_USER} ; ${COLOR}"成功创建${DB_USER}用户！"${END}; }
    fi
    echo ${DB_USER}:${DB_USER_PASSWORD}|chpasswd
    [ -d ${DATA_DIR} ] || mkdir -p ${DATA_DIR}/
    chown -R ${DB_USER}:${DB_USER} ${DATA_DIR}/   
    cat > /etc/profile.d/pgsql.sh <<EOF
export PGHOME=${INSTALL_DIR}
export PATH=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/:\$PATH
export PGDATA=${DATA_DIR}
export PGUSER=${DB_USER}
export MANPATH=${INSTALL_DIR}/share/man

alias pgstart="pg_ctl -D ${DATA_DIR} start"
alias pgstop="pg_ctl -D ${DATA_DIR} stop"
alias pgrestart="pg_ctl -D ${DATA_DIR} restart"
alias pgstatus="pg_ctl -D ${DATA_DIR} status"
EOF
    su - ${DB_USER} -c "${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/initdb -D ${DATA_DIR}"
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
        cat > /lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL database server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=${DB_USER}
Group=${DB_USER}
ExecStart=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/postgres -D ${DATA_DIR}
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP \$MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
    else
        cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL database server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=${DB_USER}
Group=${DB_USER}
ExecStart=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/postgres -D ${DATA_DIR}
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP \$MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
    fi
    systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now postgresql &> /dev/null
    [ $? -ne 0 ] && { ${COLOR}"数据库启动失败，退出！"${END};exit; }
    ${COLOR}"${FULL_NAME}操作系统，PostgreSQL数据库安装完成！"${END}
}

main(){
    check_file
    install_postgresql
}

if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 7 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == 'OpenCloudOS' ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 20 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 15 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 18 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 20 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == 'Debian' ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 11 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 12 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 13 ];then
        main
    fi
else
    ${COLOR}"此脚本不支持${FULL_NAME}操作系统！"${END}
fi

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