blocks|key|3986546|text|(正如评论中指出的)，ngx_http_lua_module可以做到！|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|3986547|location+/+{
++++++++++access_by_lua_block++{
++++++++++++os.execute("/usr/bin/curl+--data+'v=1&t=pageview&tid=UA-XXXXXXXX-X&cid=123&dp=hit'++https://google-analytics.com/collect+>/dev/null+2>/dev/null")+
++++++++}
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|3986548|请注意，执行会暂停页面加载，直到curl完成。要在后台运行curl并立即继续页面加载，请在末尾添加一个空格和一个&，如下所示|3986549|>/dev/null+2>/dev/null+&")|3986550|entityMap^0|B|J|0|0|1K|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@$9|R|A|S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$]]

(as pointed out in the comments), <code>ngx_http_lua_module</code> can do it!

<pre><code>location / {
 access_by_lua_block {
 os.execute("/usr/bin/curl --data 'v=1&amp;t=pageview&amp;tid=UA-XXXXXXXX-X&amp;cid=123&amp;dp=hit' https://google-analytics.com/collect &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;/dev/null") 
 }
}
</code></pre>

note that the execution halts the pageload until curl has finished. to run curl in the background and continue the pageload immediately, add a space and an <code>&amp;</code> to the end so it looks like

<pre><code>&gt;/dev/null 2&gt;/dev/null &amp;")
</code></pre>

blocks|key|3986580|text|如果你所需要的只是向谷歌分析提交一个点击，那么它可以更容易地完成:+Nginx可以动态修改页面HTML，在关闭的</body>标签之前嵌入GA代码：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|3986581|sub_filter_once+on;

sub_filter+'</body>'+"<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]%7C%7Cfunction(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q%7C%7C[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new+Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');

ga('create',+'UA-XXXXXXXX-X',+'auto');
ga('send',+'pageview');
</script></body>";

location+/+{
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|3986582|这个Nginx模块被称为sub。|3986583|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_sub_module.html^0|1K|7|0|0|C|3|C|3|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|Y|8|@$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@$9|11|A|12|1|13]]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|E|$S|T]]]]

If everything you need is to submit a hit to Google Analytics, then it can be accomplished easier: Nginx can modify page HTML on the fly, embedding GA code before the closing <code>&lt;/body&gt;</code> tag:

<pre><code>sub_filter_once on;

sub_filter '&lt;/body&gt;' "&lt;script&gt;
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');

ga('create', 'UA-XXXXXXXX-X', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');
&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/body&gt;";

location / {
}
</code></pre>

This Nginx module is called <a href="https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_sub_module.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>sub</code></a>.

blocks|key|3989711|text|下面是我最终是如何做到的--基于https://github.com/vorodevops/nginx-analytics-measurement-protocol/tree/master/lua，而不是curl，而是proxy_pass。代码假设是openresty或只安装了lua。不确定注释格式是否兼容(未测试)，因此最好在使用前将其删除。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3989712|#+pick+your+location+

location+/example+{

++++#+invite+lua+to+the+party

++++access_by_lua_block++{

++++++++#+set+request+parameters

++++++++local+request+=+{
++++++++++++v+=+1,
++++++++++++t+=+"pageview",

++++++++++++#+don'+forget+to+put+your+own+property+here

++++++++++++tid+=+"UA-XXXXXXX-Y",

++++++++++++#+this+is+a+"unique"+user+id+based+on+a+hash+of+ip+and+user+agent,+not+too+reliable+but+possibly+best+that+one+can+reasonably+do+without+cookies

++++++++++++cid+=+ngx.md5(ngx.var.remote_addr+..+ngx.var.http_user_agent),
++++++++++++uip+=+ngx.var.remote_addr,
++++++++++++dp+=+ngx.var.request_uri,
++++++++++++dr+=+ngx.var.http_referer,
++++++++++++ua+=+ngx.var.http_user_agent,

++++++++++++#+here+you+truncate+the+language+string+to+make+it+compatible+with+the+javascript+format+-+you'll+want+either+the+first+two+characters+like+here+(e.g.+en)+or+the+first+five+(e.g+en_US)+with+...1,+5

++++++++++++ul+=+string.sub(ngx.var.http_accept_language,+1,+2)
++++++++++++}

++++++++#+use+the+location.capture+thingy+to+send+everything+to+a+proxy

++++++++local+res+=+ngx.location.capture(++"/gamp",++{
++++++++method+=+ngx.HTTP_POST,
++++++++body+=+ngx.encode_args(request)
++++++++})
++++}
}


#+make+a+separate+location+block+to+proxy+the+request+away

location+=+/gamp+{
++++internal;
++++expires+epoch;
++++access_log+off;
++++proxy_pass_request_headers+off;
++++proxy_pass_request_body+on;
++++proxy_pass+https://google-analytics.com/collect;
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|3989713|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/vorodevops/nginx-analytics-measurement-protocol/tree/master/lua^0|G|2A|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

Here's how I did it eventually - proxy_pass instead of curl - based on this: <a href="https://github.com/vorodevops/nginx-analytics-measurement-protocol/tree/master/lua" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/vorodevops/nginx-analytics-measurement-protocol/tree/master/lua</a>. The code assumes openresty or just lua installed. Not sure if the comments format is compatible (didn't test) so it may be best to delete them before using it.

<pre><code># pick your location 

location /example {

 # invite lua to the party

 access_by_lua_block {

 # set request parameters

 local request = {
 v = 1,
 t = "pageview",

 # don' forget to put your own property here

 tid = "UA-XXXXXXX-Y",

 # this is a "unique" user id based on a hash of ip and user agent, not too reliable but possibly best that one can reasonably do without cookies

 cid = ngx.md5(ngx.var.remote_addr .. ngx.var.http_user_agent),
 uip = ngx.var.remote_addr,
 dp = ngx.var.request_uri,
 dr = ngx.var.http_referer,
 ua = ngx.var.http_user_agent,

 # here you truncate the language string to make it compatible with the javascript format - you'll want either the first two characters like here (e.g. en) or the first five (e.g en_US) with ...1, 5

 ul = string.sub(ngx.var.http_accept_language, 1, 2)
 }

 # use the location.capture thingy to send everything to a proxy

 local res = ngx.location.capture( "/gamp", {
 method = ngx.HTTP_POST,
 body = ngx.encode_args(request)
 })
 }
}


# make a separate location block to proxy the request away

location = /gamp {
 internal;
 expires epoch;
 access_log off;
 proxy_pass_request_headers off;
 proxy_pass_request_body on;
 proxy_pass https://google-analytics.com/collect;
}
</code></pre>

Maybe this is trivial, but I haven't found anything meaningful or I didn't know where to look...

(How) is it possible to to send a curl / whatever command as soon as a certain path is requested?

Something along these lines, but that would actually work:

<pre><code>location / {
curl --data 'v=1&amp;t=pageview&amp;tid=UA-XXXXXXXX-X&amp;cid=123&amp;dp=hit' https://google-analytics.com/collect
}
</code></pre>

Can a http request be sent with the nginx location directive?

也许这是微不足道的，但我还没有找到任何有意义的东西，或者我不知道去哪里找……(如何)可以在请求某个路径时立即发送curl /任何命令？一些类似的东西，但这实际上是可行的：location / {curl --data 'v=1&t=pageview&tid=UA-XXXXXXXX-X&cid=123&dp=hit'  ...

问是否可以使用nginx location指令发送http请求？
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问是否可以使用nginx location指令发送http请求？
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