问如何自定义Windows窗体的系统菜单？
EN

Stack Overflow用户

提问于 2019-04-16 03:12:26

回答 1查看 322关注 0票数 0

我想将“关于”菜单添加到我的应用程序标题栏的上下文菜单中。

我在互联网上进行了多次搜索，找到了这个很棒的主题How can I customize the system menu of a Windows Form?，但没有针对visual C++的解决方案。我试着从所提到的主题中调整解决方案，但出现了一些问题。我可以看到一些新的东西出现在上下文菜单中，但没有“关于”项。

下面是我的代码：

#pragma once
#include <string>

namespace context_menu {

    using namespace System;
    using namespace System::ComponentModel;
    using namespace System::Collections;
    using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
    using namespace System::Data;
    using namespace System::Drawing;
    using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices;
    using std::string;

    // P/Invoke constants
    const int WM_SYSCOMMAND = 0x112;
    const int MF_STRING = 0x0;
    const int MF_SEPARATOR = 0x800;

    // P/Invoke declarations
    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = System::Runtime::InteropServices::CharSet::Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    extern IntPtr GetSystemMenu(IntPtr hWnd, bool bRevert);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = System::Runtime::InteropServices::CharSet::Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    extern bool AppendMenu(IntPtr hMenu, int uFlags, int uIDNewItem, string lpNewItem);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = System::Runtime::InteropServices::CharSet::Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    extern bool InsertMenu(IntPtr hMenu, int uPosition, int uFlags, int uIDNewItem, string lpNewItem);


    /// <summary>
    /// Summary for Form1
    ///
    /// WARNING: If you change the name of this class, you will need to change the
    ///          'Resource File Name' property for the managed resource compiler tool
    ///          associated with all .resx files this class depends on.  Otherwise,
    ///          the designers will not be able to interact properly with localized
    ///          resources associated with this form.
    /// </summary>
    public ref class Form1 : public System::Windows::Forms::Form
    {
    // ID for the About item on the system menu
    private: static int SYSMENU_ABOUT_ID = 0x1;
    public:
        Form1(void)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            //
            //TODO: Add the constructor code here
            //
        }

    protected:
        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        ~Form1()
        {
            if (components)
            {
                delete components;
            }
        }

    private:
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
        System::ComponentModel::Container ^components;

#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        void InitializeComponent(void)
        {
            this->SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // Form1
            // 
            this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 13);
            this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
            this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(284, 261);
            this->Name = L"Form1";
            this->Text = L"Form1";
            this->ResumeLayout(false);
        }
#pragma endregion

    protected: virtual System::Void OnHandleCreated( System::EventArgs^ e ) override {
                System::Windows::Forms::Form::OnHandleCreated( e );
                // Get a handle to a copy of this form's system (window) menu
                IntPtr sysMenuHandle = GetSystemMenu( this->Handle, false );
                // Add a separator
                AppendMenu( sysMenuHandle, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, "" );
                // Add the About menu item
                AppendMenu( sysMenuHandle, MF_STRING, SYSMENU_ABOUT_ID, "&About…\n" );
            }

    protected: virtual System::Void WndProc( Message % m ) override {
                System::Windows::Forms::Form::WndProc( m );
                // Show test message
                if( ( m.Msg == WM_SYSCOMMAND ) && ( (int)m.WParam == SYSMENU_ABOUT_ID ) )
                {
                    MessageBox::Show( "Custom About Dialog" );
                }
            }
    };
}

这是我的result。

编辑

根据@David Yaw answer的说法，我添加了#include <Windows.h>，并删除了所有不必要的代码。我需要解决一些小问题，过了一段时间它就被解决了。但随后出现了链接器错误：

1>context_menu.obj : error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A00001A) "extern "C" int __stdcall AppendMenuW(struct HMENU__ *,unsigned int,unsigned int,wchar_t const *)" (?AppendMenuW@@$$J216YGHPAUHMENU__@@IIPB_W@Z) referenced in function "protected: virtual void __clrcall context_menu::Form1::OnHandleCreated(class System::EventArgs ^)" (?OnHandleCreated@Form1@context_menu@@$$FM$AAMXP$AAVEventArgs@System@@@Z)
1>context_menu.obj : error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A00001B) "extern "C" struct HMENU__ * __stdcall GetSystemMenu(struct HWND__ *,int)" (?GetSystemMenu@@$$J18YGPAUHMENU__@@PAUHWND__@@H@Z) referenced in function "protected: virtual void __clrcall context_menu::Form1::OnHandleCreated(class System::EventArgs ^)" (?OnHandleCreated@Form1@context_menu@@$$FM$AAMXP$AAVEventArgs@System@@@Z)
1>context_menu.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" int __stdcall AppendMenuW(struct HMENU__ *,unsigned int,unsigned int,wchar_t const *)" (?AppendMenuW@@$$J216YGHPAUHMENU__@@IIPB_W@Z) referenced in function "protected: virtual void __clrcall context_menu::Form1::OnHandleCreated(class System::EventArgs ^)" (?OnHandleCreated@Form1@context_menu@@$$FM$AAMXP$AAVEventArgs@System@@@Z)
1>context_menu.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" struct HMENU__ * __stdcall GetSystemMenu(struct HWND__ *,int)" (?GetSystemMenu@@$$J18YGPAUHMENU__@@PAUHWND__@@H@Z) referenced in function "protected: virtual void __clrcall context_menu::Form1::OnHandleCreated(class System::EventArgs ^)" (?OnHandleCreated@Form1@context_menu@@$$FM$AAMXP$AAVEventArgs@System@@@Z)

那么现在呢？

代码：

#pragma once
#include <Windows.h>
#include <string>

namespace context_menu {

    using namespace System;
    using namespace System::ComponentModel;
    using namespace System::Collections;
    using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
    using namespace System::Data;
    using namespace System::Drawing;
    using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices;
    using std::string;

    /// <summary>
    /// Summary for Form1
    ///
    /// WARNING: If you change the name of this class, you will need to change the
    ///          'Resource File Name' property for the managed resource compiler tool
    ///          associated with all .resx files this class depends on.  Otherwise,
    ///          the designers will not be able to interact properly with localized
    ///          resources associated with this form.
    /// </summary>
    public ref class Form1 : public System::Windows::Forms::Form
    {
    // ID for the About item on the system menu
    private: static int SYSMENU_ABOUT_ID = 0x1;


    public:
        Form1(void)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            //
            //TODO: Add the constructor code here
            //
        }

    protected:
        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        ~Form1()
        {
            if (components)
            {
                delete components;
            }
        }

    private:
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
        System::ComponentModel::Container ^components;

#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        void InitializeComponent(void)
        {
            this->SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // Form1
            // 
            this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 13);
            this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
            this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(284, 261);
            this->Name = L"Form1";
            this->Text = L"Form1";
            this->ResumeLayout(false);

        }
#pragma endregion

    protected: virtual System::Void OnHandleCreated( System::EventArgs^ e ) override {
                // Basic function call
                System::Windows::Forms::Form::OnHandleCreated( e );
                // Pointer to this
                HWND hWnd = static_cast<HWND>( this->Handle.ToPointer() );
                // Get a handle to a copy of this form's system (window) menu
                HMENU sysMenuHandle = GetSystemMenu( hWnd, false );
                // Add a separator
                AppendMenu( sysMenuHandle, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, L"" );
                // Add the About menu item
                AppendMenu( sysMenuHandle, MF_STRING, SYSMENU_ABOUT_ID, L"&About…\n" );
            }

    protected: virtual System::Void WndProc( Message % m ) override {
                // Basic function call
                System::Windows::Forms::Form::WndProc( m );
                // komunikat
                if( ( m.Msg == WM_SYSCOMMAND ) && ( (int)m.WParam == SYSMENU_ABOUT_ID ) )
                {
                    MessageBox::Show( "Custom About Dialog" );
                }
            }
    };
}

.net

winforms

visual-c++

c++-cli

systemmenu

回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2019-04-16 03:44:48

你已经在C++中了，你不需要P/Invoke。只需使用#include <Windows.h>并直接调用函数即可。

[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = System::Runtime::InteropServices::CharSet::Auto, SetLastError = true)]
extern bool AppendMenu(IntPtr hMenu, int uFlags, int uIDNewItem, string lpNewItem);
                                                                 ^^^^^^

在C#中，string是一个与C++/CLI不同的类。由于出现了一些东西，但它不正确，我认为字符串很可能没有正确传递。

如果您切换到直接调用C函数，则对字符串参数的类型检查将帮助您正确地传递该参数。

尽管如此，标准警告:虽然可以用C++/CLI编写应用程序的主体，甚至可以使用WinForms用C++/CLI编写图形用户界面，但不建议这样做。C++/CLI适用于互操作场景:当C#或其他.Net代码需要与非托管C++交互时，C++/CLI可以提供两者之间的转换。正因为如此，C++/CLI既有C++的所有复杂性，也有C#的所有复杂性，还有它自己的一些复杂性。对于初级开发，如果需要托管代码，建议将C#与WinForms或WPF一起使用；如果希望非托管，则建议将C++与MFC一起使用。

票数 0

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原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55695856

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