blocks|key|1698309|text|lsb_release+-i可能会为您工作。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1698310|有关更多细节，请访问lsb_release+-a|1698311|在http://etbe.coker.com.au/2007/08/30/identifying-the-distribution-of-a-linux-system/上的一些讨论|1698312|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://etbe.coker.com.au/2007/08/30/identifying-the-distribution-of-a-linux-system/^0|0|E|0|A|E|0|1|2B|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@$9|S|A|T|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|X|8|@]|D|@$9|Y|A|Z|1|10]]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|Q]]]]

<code>lsb_release -i</code> may work for you.

More detail is available with <code>lsb_release -a</code>

Some discussion at <a href="http://etbe.coker.com.au/2007/08/30/identifying-the-distribution-of-a-linux-system/" rel="noreferrer">http://etbe.coker.com.au/2007/08/30/identifying-the-distribution-of-a-linux-system/</a>

blocks|key|1483173|text|cat+/etc/*release|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1483174|大多数发行版都将发布文件放在/etc/+(如/etc/redhat-release、/etc/gentoo-release等)中。它通常包含您的发行版的版本号。|unstyled|offset|length|style|CODE|1483175|entityMap^0|0|E|5|M|J|16|J|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|N|8|@$G|O|H|P|I|J]|$G|Q|H|R|I|J]|$G|S|H|T|I|J]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

<pre><code>cat /etc/*release
</code></pre>

Most distributions put a release file in <code>/etc/</code> (like <code>/etc/redhat-release</code>, <code>/etc/gentoo-release</code>, etc.) which usually has the version number of your distribution in it.

blocks|key|1698384|text|令人恼火的是，这是一个比看起来更难的问题。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1698385|对于Linux系统，使用lsb_release。|1698386|$+lsb_release+--all
No+LSB+modules+are+available.
Distributor+ID:+Ubuntu
Description:++++Ubuntu+8.04.1
Release:++++++++8.04
Codename:+++++++hardy
$+lsb_release+-i
Distributor+ID:+Ubuntu|code-block|syntax|javascript|1698387|这有一个限制，即lsb_release只适用于Linux版本。|1698388|对于所有Unix系统，您还可以解析uname。|1698389|$+uname+-a
Linux+blue-laptop+2.6.24-21-generic+#1+SMP+Tue+Oct+21+23:43:45+UTC+2008+i686+GNU/Linux|1698390|您可以在uname+Wikipedia+page上找到有关系统和发行版的一些信息。|offset|length|1698391|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uname^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|4|K|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|F|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@$Q|17|R|18|1|19]]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|T|$U|$5|V|W|X|A|$Y|Z]]]]

This is, annoyingly, a harder problem than it appears.

For Linux systems, use lsb_release. 

<pre><code>$ lsb_release --all
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 8.04.1
Release: 8.04
Codename: hardy
$ lsb_release -i
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
</code></pre>

This has the limitation that lsb_release works only for Linux releases.

For all Unix systems, you can also parse up uname.

<pre><code>$ uname -a
Linux blue-laptop 2.6.24-21-generic #1 SMP Tue Oct 21 23:43:45 UTC 2008 i686 GNU/Linux
</code></pre>

You can find some information about the systems and distributions at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uname" rel="noreferrer">uname Wikipedia page</a>.

blocks|key|1698512|text|您应该问问自己，您是否真的需要知道正在使用哪个发行版(可能是因为您想要构建一个特定于此发行版的包)。在许多其他情况下，只测试并查看您需要的功能是否存在是一个好得多的想法。这看起来可能要做更多的工作，因为你必须一个接一个地测试每个功能，但这样一来，你的软件就变得更加灵活。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1698513|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

You should ask yourself if you really need to know which distro is in use (perhaps because you want to build a package specific for this distribution). In many other cases it is a far better idea, to just test and see if the features you need are there or not. This might look like a lot more work because you have to test every feature one by one but this way, your software becomes far more flexible.

blocks|key|1698450|text|我发现/etc/问题通常与正在使用的发行版有关。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1698451|但我不知道它在所有发行版上的可用性。|1698452|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

I found that the /etc/issue usually has something about the distribution in use. 

But I don't know about its availability on all distributions.

blocks|key|1483365|text|proc+file+system：Linux中包含所有硬件级别信息的目录。所以只需要输入|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1483366|cd+/proc/|code-block|syntax|javascript|1483367|在那里，您将发现一个存储在文本文件中的信息宝库，其中包含有关系统的所有任意信息。|1483368|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procfs^0|0|G|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|C|$Q|R]]]]

The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procfs" rel="nofollow noreferrer">proc file system</a>: A directory in Linux with all the hardware level information. So just type

<pre><code>cd /proc/
</code></pre>

There you will find a gold mine of information stored in a text file for all the arbitrary information about the system.

blocks|key|1483034|text|你可以使用'uname'：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1483035|[anton@localhost+~]$+uname+-a
Linux+localhost+2.6.26-ARCH+#1+SMP+PREEMPT+Tue+Aug+26+21:15:43+UTC+2008+i686+AMD+Athlon(tm)+64+Processor+3000%2B+AuthenticAMD+GNU/Linux|code-block|syntax|javascript|1483036|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

You can use 'uname':

<pre><code>[anton@localhost ~]$ uname -a
Linux localhost 2.6.26-ARCH #1 SMP PREEMPT Tue Aug 26 21:15:43 UTC 2008 i686 AMD Athlon(tm) 64 Processor 3000+ AuthenticAMD GNU/Linux
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1698287|text|uname+-r|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|1698288|应该打印当前运行的内核版本(至少，对于Linux是这样的，不知道它对于*BSD还是其他版本是相同的)。这与发行版不同，但如果是定制的，内核版本通常会包含发行版名称，如"2.6.27-gentoo-r1“或其他名称。|unstyled|1698289|Init经常在启动时打印一些东西，但在运行时效果不是很好。|1698290|否则，据我所知，没有任何通用的东西。|1698291|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|F|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|F|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|F|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

<pre><code>uname -r
</code></pre>

should print the kernel version currently running (at least, it does for Linux, don't know
if it's the same for *BSD or others). That's not the same as the distro but the kernel version often includes the distro name if it's customised, like "2.6.27-gentoo-r1" or something.

Init often prints something at boot, but that's not much good when it's running.

Otherwise as far as I know there isn't anything universal.

blocks|key|1698242|text|试试uname+-a|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1698243|entityMap^0|2|8|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

Sometimes I need to access some servers running Linux (or maybe another Unix-like SO), but I don't know how to verify which <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_distribution" rel="noreferrer">distribution</a> is in use on the server (there are times that even the "responsible" person for the server doesn't know). 

Is there an easy and reliable way to discover that, one that is uniform and consistent across all of them?

How to discover what Linux distribution is in use

服务器

Ubuntu

Linux

Unix

有时我需要访问一些运行Linux的服务器(或者像这样的Unix)，但是我不知道如何验证服务器上正在使用哪个 (有时甚至服务器的“负责人”都不知道)。有没有一种简单可靠的方法来发现这一点，一种对所有这些都是统一和一致的方法？

问如何发现正在使用的Linux发行版
EN

回答 9

Stack Overflow用户

Stack Overflow用户

Stack Overflow用户

社区

活动

资源

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问如何发现正在使用的Linux发行版EN

回答 9

Stack Overflow用户

Stack Overflow用户

Stack Overflow用户

社区

活动

资源

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问如何发现正在使用的Linux发行版
EN