blocks|key|4704881|text|这是需要使用numpy的包的一个基本问题(对于distutils或get_include)。我不知道有什么方法可以使用pip或easy-install来“引导”它。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4704882|但是，很容易为您的模块创建一个conda包并提供依赖项列表，以便某人只需执行一个conda+install+pkg-name即可下载并安装所需的所有内容。|4704883|Conda可以在Anaconda或Miniconda+(python+%2B+just+conda)中使用。|4704884|有关更多信息，请参阅网站：http://docs.continuum.io/conda/index.html或幻灯片：https://speakerdeck.com/teoliphant/packaging-and-deployment-with-conda|offset|length|4704885|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.continuum.io/conda/index.html|1|https://speakerdeck.com/teoliphant/packaging-and-deployment-with-conda^0|0|0|0|D|15|0|1N|1Y|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$H|X|I|Y|1|Z]|$H|10|I|11|1|12]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|A|$P|Q]]|R|$5|M|N|O|A|$P|S]]]]

This is a fundamental problem with packages that need to use numpy (for distutils or get_include). I do not know of a way to "boot-strap" it using pip or easy-install. 

However, it is easy to make a conda package for your module and provide the list of dependencies so that someone can just do a conda install pkg-name which will download and install everything needed. 

Conda is available in Anaconda or in Miniconda (python + just conda). 

See this website: <a href="http://docs.continuum.io/conda/index.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://docs.continuum.io/conda/index.html</a>
or this slide-deck for more information: <a href="https://speakerdeck.com/teoliphant/packaging-and-deployment-with-conda" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://speakerdeck.com/teoliphant/packaging-and-deployment-with-conda</a>

blocks|key|198958|text|要让pip正常工作，您可以执行类似的操作：https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/master/setup.py#L205|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|198959|也就是说，需要将egg_info命令传递给标准的setuptools/distutils，但其他命令也可以使用numpy.distutils。|style|CODE|198960|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/master/setup.py#L205^0|L|1K|0|0|8|8|1J|F|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@$A|Q|B|R|1|S]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|T|8|@$A|U|B|V|F|G]|$A|W|B|X|F|G]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|O]]]]

To get pip to work, you can do similarly as Scipy: <a href="https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/master/setup.py#L205" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/master/setup.py#L205</a>

Namely, the <code>egg_info</code> command needs to be passed to standard setuptools/distutils, but other commands can use <code>numpy.distutils</code>.

blocks|key|199021|text|以下代码至少适用于numpy1.8和python{2.6,2.7,3.3}：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|199022|from+setuptools+import+setup
from+setuptools.command.build_ext+import+build_ext+as+_build_ext

class+build_ext(_build_ext):
++++def+finalize_options(self):
++++++++_build_ext.finalize_options(self)
++++++++#+Prevent+numpy+from+thinking+it+is+still+in+its+setup+process:
++++++++__builtins__.__NUMPY_SETUP__+=+False
++++++++import+numpy
++++++++self.include_dirs.append(numpy.get_include())

setup(
++++...
++++cmdclass={'build_ext':build_ext},
++++setup_requires=['numpy'],
++++...
)|code-block|syntax|javascript|199023|对于一个小的解释，请参见为什么它在没有"hack“的情况下失败，参见this+answer。|offset|length|199024|请注意，使用setup_requires有一个微妙的缺点:例如，numpy不仅会在构建扩展之前编译，而且在执行python+setup.py+--help时也会编译。为了避免这种情况，您可以检查命令行选项，就像https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/master/setup.py#L205中建议的那样，但另一方面，我真的不认为这样做是值得的。|style|CODE|199025|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/a/21621493/650222|1|https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/9ccc68475fc431c4a44c120693cf6878cc4c14a7/setup.py#L205^0|0|0|Y|B|0|0|6|E|1J|M|2X|1K|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$I|11|J|12|1|13]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|14|8|@$I|15|J|16|M|N]|$I|17|J|18|M|N]]|9|@$I|19|J|1A|1|1B]]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|A|$U|V]]|W|$5|R|S|T|A|$U|X]]]]

The following works at least with numpy1.8 and python{2.6,2.7,3.3}:

<pre><code>from setuptools import setup
from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext as _build_ext

class build_ext(_build_ext):
 def finalize_options(self):
 _build_ext.finalize_options(self)
 # Prevent numpy from thinking it is still in its setup process:
 __builtins__.__NUMPY_SETUP__ = False
 import numpy
 self.include_dirs.append(numpy.get_include())

setup(
 ...
 cmdclass={'build_ext':build_ext},
 setup_requires=['numpy'],
 ...
)
</code></pre>

For a small explanation, see why it fails without the "hack", see <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/21621493/650222">this answer</a>.

Note, that using <code>setup_requires</code> has a subtle downside: numpy will not only be compiled before building extensions, but also when doing <code>python setup.py --help</code>, for example. To avoid this, you could check for command line options, like suggested in <a href="https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/9ccc68475fc431c4a44c120693cf6878cc4c14a7/setup.py#L205" rel="noreferrer">https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/master/setup.py#L205</a>, but on the other hand I don't really think it's worth the effort.

blocks|key|4705003|text|也许更实用的解决方案是只需要预先安装numpy并在函数范围内安装import+numpy即可。@coldfix解决方案有效，但编译numpy需要很长时间。首先将其安装为轮子包要快得多，特别是现在由于像manylinux这样的努力，我们已经为大多数系统提供了轮子。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4705004|from+__future__+import+print_function

import+sys
import+textwrap
import+pkg_resources

from+setuptools+import+setup,+Extension


def+is_installed(requirement):
++++try:
++++++++pkg_resources.require(requirement)
++++except+pkg_resources.ResolutionError:
++++++++return+False
++++else:
++++++++return+True

if+not+is_installed('numpy>=1.11.0'):
++++print(textwrap.dedent("""
++++++++++++Error:+numpy+needs+to+be+installed+first.+You+can+install+it+via:

++++++++++++$+pip+install+numpy
++++++++++++"""),+file=sys.stderr)
++++exit(1)

def+ext_modules():
++++import+numpy+as+np

++++some_extention+=+Extension(...,+include_dirs=[np.get_include()])

++++return+[some_extention]

setup(
++++ext_modules=ext_modules(),
)|code-block|syntax|javascript|4705005|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/pypa/manylinux^0|W|C|2S|9|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@$9|V|A|W|1|X]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|R]]]]

Perhaps a more practical solution is to just require numpy to be installed beforehand and <code>import numpy</code> inside a function scope. @coldfix solution works but compiling numpy takes forever. Much faster to pip install it first as a wheels package, especially now that we have wheels for most systems thanks to efforts like <a href="https://github.com/pypa/manylinux" rel="nofollow noreferrer">manylinux</a>.

<pre><code>from __future__ import print_function

import sys
import textwrap
import pkg_resources

from setuptools import setup, Extension


def is_installed(requirement):
 try:
 pkg_resources.require(requirement)
 except pkg_resources.ResolutionError:
 return False
 else:
 return True

if not is_installed('numpy&gt;=1.11.0'):
 print(textwrap.dedent("""
 Error: numpy needs to be installed first. You can install it via:

 $ pip install numpy
 """), file=sys.stderr)
 exit(1)

def ext_modules():
 import numpy as np

 some_extention = Extension(..., include_dirs=[np.get_include()])

 return [some_extention]

setup(
 ext_modules=ext_modules(),
)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4705061|text|关键是要将导入numpy的时间推迟到安装之后。我从这个pybind11+example中学到的一个技巧是在助手类的__str__方法中导入numpy+(下面是get_numpy_include)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4705062|from+setuptools+import+setup,+Extension

class+get_numpy_include(object):
++++"""Defer+numpy.get_include()+until+after+numpy+is+installed."""

++++def+__str__(self):
++++++++import+numpy
++++++++return+numpy.get_include()


ext_modules+=+[Extension('vme',+['vme.c'],+extra_link_args=['-lvme'],
+++++++++++++++++++++++++include_dirs=[get_numpy_include()])]

setup(name='vme',
++++++version='0.1',
++++++description='Module+for+communicating+over+VME+with+CAEN+digitizers.',
++++++ext_modules=ext_modules,
++++++install_requires=['numpy','pyzmq',+'Sphinx'])|code-block|syntax|javascript|4705063|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/pybind/python_example/blob/master/setup.py^0|7|5|1L|7|1X|5|27|H|R|G|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]|$9|V|A|W|B|C]|$9|X|A|Y|B|C]|$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@$9|11|A|12|1|13]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|R]]]]

The key is to defer importing <code>numpy</code> until after it has been installed. A trick I learned from this <a href="https://github.com/pybind/python_example/blob/master/setup.py" rel="nofollow noreferrer">pybind11 example</a> is to import <code>numpy</code> in the <code>__str__</code> method of a helper class (<code>get_numpy_include</code> below).
<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from setuptools import setup, Extension

class get_numpy_include(object):
 &quot;&quot;&quot;Defer numpy.get_include() until after numpy is installed.&quot;&quot;&quot;

 def __str__(self):
 import numpy
 return numpy.get_include()


ext_modules = [Extension('vme', ['vme.c'], extra_link_args=['-lvme'],
 include_dirs=[get_numpy_include()])]

setup(name='vme',
 version='0.1',
 description='Module for communicating over VME with CAEN digitizers.',
 ext_modules=ext_modules,
 install_requires=['numpy','pyzmq', 'Sphinx'])
</code></pre>

I have a project which has a C extension which requires numpy. Ideally, I'd like whoever downloads my project to just be able to run <code>python setup.py install</code> or use one call to <code>pip</code>. The problem I have is that in my <code>setup.py</code> I need to import numpy to get the location of the headers, but I'd like numpy to be just a regular requirement in <code>install_requires</code> so that it will automatically be downloaded from the Python Package Index.

Here is a sample of what I'm trying to do:

<pre><code>from setuptools import setup, Extension
import numpy as np

ext_modules = [Extension('vme', ['vme.c'], extra_link_args=['-lvme'],
 include_dirs=[np.get_include()])]

setup(name='vme',
 version='0.1',
 description='Module for communicating over VME with CAEN digitizers.',
 ext_modules=ext_modules,
 install_requires=['numpy','pyzmq', 'Sphinx'])
</code></pre>

Obviously, I can't <code>import numpy</code> at the top before it's installed. I've seen a <code>setup_requires</code> argument passed to <code>setup()</code> but can't find any documentation on what it is for.

Is this possible?

How to Bootstrap numpy installation in setup.py

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

文章

问答

视频

学习中心

腾讯云实验室

直播

竞赛

腾讯云代码分析专区

腾讯iOA零信任安全管理系统专区

腾讯云架构师技术同盟交流圈

腾讯云数据库专区

腾讯云顾问专区

腾讯云原生专区

腾讯混元专区

腾讯云TCE专区

腾讯云Lighthouse专区

腾讯云HAI专区

腾讯云Edgeone专区

腾讯云存储专区

腾讯云智能专区

腾讯轻联专区 

腾讯云开发专区

TAPD专区

腾讯轻量云游戏服专区

腾讯云最具价值专家

腾讯云架构师技术同盟

腾讯云创作之星

腾讯云开发者先锋

腾讯云代码助手

云原生构建

TAPD 敏捷项目管理

Cloud Studio

SDK中心

API中心

命令行工具

涵盖代码开发、场景应用、自动测试全流程，助你从零构建专属AI助手

一站式MCP教程库，解锁AI应用新玩法

我有一个项目，它有一个需要numpy的C扩展。理想情况下，我希望任何下载我的项目的人都能够运行python setup.py install或使用一次对pip的调用。我遇到的问题是，在我的setup.py中，我需要导入numpy来获取标题的位置，但我希望numpy只是install_requires中的一个常规需求，这...

问如何在setup.py中引导numpy安装
EN

社区

活动

圈层

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问如何在setup.py中引导numpy安装EN

社区

活动

圈层

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问如何在setup.py中引导numpy安装
EN