Python请求requests.exceptions.SSLError：[Errno 8] _ssl.c:504: EOF违反协议
我用的是ubuntu12.10，OpenSSL 1.0.1c，python 2.7.3，Requests 1.0.3和1.0.4 (都试过了)，当我试图用下面的代码在url变量中连接网站时。
def SendInitialRequest(xmlmessage, redirecturl):
url = 'https://centineltest.cardinalcommerce.com/maps/txns.asp'
payload = 'cmpi_msg=' + ET.tostring(xmlmessage)
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
}
r = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers, verify=None)
print r.text它抛出以下错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "clams/libs/centinel/thinclient.py", line 134, in SendInitialRequest
r = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers, verify=None)
File "/home/jasonamyers/.virtualenv/clams/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 87, in post
return request('post', url, data=data, **kwargs)
File "/home/jasonamyers/.virtualenv/clams/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 44, in request
return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
File "/home/jasonamyers/.virtualenv/clams/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 269, in request
resp = self.send(prep, stream=stream, timeout=timeout, verify=verify, cert=cert, proxies=proxies)
File "/home/jasonamyers/.virtualenv/clams/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 364, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/home/jasonamyers/.virtualenv/clams/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 163, in send
raise SSLError(e)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: [Errno 8] _ssl.c:504: EOF occurred in violation of protocol尝试使用openssl进行连接将返回以下结果：
$ openssl s_client -connect centineltest.cardinalcommerce.com:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
140019346777760:error:140790E5:SSL routines:SSL23_WRITE:ssl handshake failure:s23_lib.c:177:
---
no peer certificate available
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 0 bytes and written 226 bytes
---
New, (NONE), Cipher is (NONE)
Secure Renegotiation IS NOT supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
---如果我强制它使用tls1，它就会工作(输出被截断)：
$ openssl s_client -tls1 -connect centineltest.cardinalcommerce.com:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 C = US, O = "thawte, Inc.", OU = Certification Services Division, OU
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
verify return:0
---我见过很多这样的bug reports；但是，我还没有找到一种使用python请求库来绕过它的方法。任何帮助都将不胜感激。
回答 7
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2013-01-04 03:45:42
在这里为the requests issue page的其他人转发这篇文章
Requests‘在版本1之前不支持这样做。在版本1之后，您需要继承HTTPAdapter的子类，如下所示：
from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
from requests.packages.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager
import ssl
class MyAdapter(HTTPAdapter):
def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=False):
self.poolmanager = PoolManager(num_pools=connections,
maxsize=maxsize,
block=block,
ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1)完成此操作后，您可以执行以下操作：
import requests
s = requests.Session()
s.mount('https://', MyAdapter())然后，任何通过该会话对象的请求都将使用TLSv1。
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2014-06-11 23:10:56
设置SSL仅跳过验证服务器证书，但无助于解决verify=False协议错误。
此问题可能是由于web服务器上禁用了SSLv2造成的，但默认情况下，Python2.x会尝试与PROTOCOL_SSLv23建立连接。这发生在https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/360aa60b2a36f5f6e9e20325efd8d472f7559b1e/Lib/ssl.py#L1057
您可以通过覆盖ssl_version关键字参数来修补ssl模块中的ssl.wrap_socket()。以下代码可以按原样使用。在提出任何请求之前，请将这段代码放在程序的开头。
import ssl
from functools import wraps
def sslwrap(func):
@wraps(func)
def bar(*args, **kw):
kw['ssl_version'] = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1
return func(*args, **kw)
return bar
ssl.wrap_socket = sslwrap(ssl.wrap_socket)Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2016-02-16 05:35:38
为我解决了为requests安装“安全”包的问题：
sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
sudo pip install -U requests[security]https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14102416
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