blocks|key|529096|text|您应该在Windows下使用环境变量USERPROFILE或HOMEPATH。请参阅Recognized+Environment+Variables+(欢迎使用更合适的文档链接)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|529097|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc749104%2528WS.10%2529.aspx^0|I|B|U|8|16|W|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@$9|O|A|P|B|C]|$9|Q|A|R|B|C]]|D|@$9|S|A|T|1|U]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|E|$L|M]]]]

You should use the environment variable <code>USERPROFILE</code> or <code>HOMEPATH</code> under Windows. See <a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc749104%28WS.10%29.aspx" rel="nofollow">Recognized Environment Variables</a> (a more apropos documentation link would be welcomed).

blocks|key|745552|text|例如,|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|745553|package+main

import+(
++++"fmt"
++++"os"
++++"runtime"
)

func+UserHomeDir()+string+{
++++if+runtime.GOOS+==+"windows"+{
++++++++home+:=+os.Getenv("HOMEDRIVE")+%2B+os.Getenv("HOMEPATH")
++++++++if+home+==+""+{
++++++++++++home+=+os.Getenv("USERPROFILE")
++++++++}
++++++++return+home
++++}
++++return+os.Getenv("HOME")
}

func+main()+{
++++dir+:=+UserHomeDir()
++++fmt.Println(dir)
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|745554|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

For example,

<pre><code>package main

import (
 "fmt"
 "os"
 "runtime"
)

func UserHomeDir() string {
 if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
 home := os.Getenv("HOMEDRIVE") + os.Getenv("HOMEPATH")
 if home == "" {
 home = os.Getenv("USERPROFILE")
 }
 return home
 }
 return os.Getenv("HOME")
}

func main() {
 dir := UserHomeDir()
 fmt.Println(dir)
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|529181|text|从go+1.12开始，推荐的方式是：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|529182|package+main
import+(
++++"os"
++++"fmt"
++++"log"
)
func+main()+{
++++dirname,+err+:=+os.UserHomeDir()
++++if+err+!=+nil+{
++++++++log.Fatal(+err+)
++++}
++++fmt.Println(+dirname+)
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|529183|旧的建议：|529184|在go+1.0.3+(可能也是更早的版本)中，以下内容可以正常工作：|529185|package+main
import+(
++++"os/user"
++++"fmt"
++++"log"
)
func+main()+{
++++usr,+err+:=+user.Current()
++++if+err+!=+nil+{
++++++++log.Fatal(+err+)
++++}
++++fmt.Println(+usr.HomeDir+)
}|529186|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|D|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

Since go 1.12 the recommended way is:
<pre><code>package main
import (
 &quot;os&quot;
 &quot;fmt&quot;
 &quot;log&quot;
)
func main() {
 dirname, err := os.UserHomeDir()
 if err != nil {
 log.Fatal( err )
 }
 fmt.Println( dirname )
}
</code></pre>
Old recommendation:
In go 1.0.3 ( probably earlier, too ) the following works:
<pre><code>package main
import (
 &quot;os/user&quot;
 &quot;fmt&quot;
 &quot;log&quot;
)
func main() {
 usr, err := user.Current()
 if err != nil {
 log.Fatal( err )
 }
 fmt.Println( usr.HomeDir )
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|745665|text|这里有一个很好的、简洁的方法(如果您只在基于UNIX的系统上运行)：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|745666|import+(
++"os"
)

var+home+string+=+os.Getenv("HOME")|code-block|syntax|javascript|745667|它只查询$HOME环境变量。|745668|-编辑|745669|我现在看到上面提出了同样的方法。我将把这个示例作为一个蒸馏解决方案留在这里。|745670|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

Here's a nice, concise way to do it (if you're only running on a UNIX based system):

<pre><code>import (
 "os"
)

var home string = os.Getenv("HOME")
</code></pre>

That just queries the $HOME environment variable.

--- Edit ---

I now see that this same method was suggested above. I'll leave this example here as a distilled solution.

blocks|key|529292|text|go1.8rc2有go/build/defaultGOPATH函数，可以获取主目录。https://github.com/golang/go/blob/go1.8rc2/src/go/build/build.go#L260-L277|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|529293|以下代码是从defaultGOPATH函数中提取的。|529294|package+main

import+(
++++"fmt"
++++"os"
++++"runtime"
)

func+UserHomeDir()+string+{
++++env+:=+"HOME"
++++if+runtime.GOOS+==+"windows"+{
++++++++env+=+"USERPROFILE"
++++}+else+if+runtime.GOOS+==+"plan9"+{
++++++++env+=+"home"
++++}
++++return+os.Getenv(env)
}

func+main()+{
++++dir+:=+UserHomeDir()
++++fmt.Println(dir)
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|529295|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/golang/go/blob/go1.8rc2/src/go/build/build.go#L260-L277^0|16|22|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|C|$Q|R]]]]

go1.8rc2 has the go/build/defaultGOPATH function which gets the home directory.
<a href="https://github.com/golang/go/blob/go1.8rc2/src/go/build/build.go#L260-L277" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/golang/go/blob/go1.8rc2/src/go/build/build.go#L260-L277</a>

The following code is extracted from the defaultGOPATH function.

<pre><code>package main

import (
 "fmt"
 "os"
 "runtime"
)

func UserHomeDir() string {
 env := "HOME"
 if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
 env = "USERPROFILE"
 } else if runtime.GOOS == "plan9" {
 env = "home"
 }
 return os.Getenv(env)
}

func main() {
 dir := UserHomeDir()
 fmt.Println(dir)
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|529354|text|与@peterSO类似，但尊重linux的XDG_CONFIG_HOME路径。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|529355|package+main

import+(
++++"fmt"
++++"os"
++++"runtime"
)

func+userHomeDir()+string+{
++++if+runtime.GOOS+==+"windows"+{
++++++++home+:=+os.Getenv("HOMEDRIVE")+%2B+os.Getenv("HOMEPATH")
++++++++if+home+==+""+{
++++++++++++home+=+os.Getenv("USERPROFILE")
++++++++}
++++++++return+home
++++}+else+if+runtime.GOOS+==+"linux"+{
++++++++home+:=+os.Getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
++++++++if+home+!=+""+{
++++++++++++return+home
++++++++}
++++}
++++return+os.Getenv("HOME")
}

func+main()+{
++++fmt.Println(userHomeDir())
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|529356|entityMap^0|L|F|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

Similar answer to @peterSO but respects the <code>XDG_CONFIG_HOME</code> path for linux.

<pre><code>package main

import (
 "fmt"
 "os"
 "runtime"
)

func userHomeDir() string {
 if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
 home := os.Getenv("HOMEDRIVE") + os.Getenv("HOMEPATH")
 if home == "" {
 home = os.Getenv("USERPROFILE")
 }
 return home
 } else if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
 home := os.Getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
 if home != "" {
 return home
 }
 }
 return os.Getenv("HOME")
}

func main() {
 fmt.Println(userHomeDir())
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|745830|text|os.UserHomeDir()|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|745831|在go1.12%2B中，您可以使用os.UserHomeDir()|745832|home,+err+:=+os.UserHomeDir()|code-block|syntax|javascript|745833|请参阅https://golang.org/pkg/os/#UserHomeDir|offset|length|745834|即使没有启用CGO+(即FROM+scratch)，也不需要解析/etc/passwd或其他类似的胡言乱语，这也应该可以工作。|style|CODE|745835|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://golang.org/pkg/os/#UserHomeDir^0|0|0|0|3|12|0|0|C|C|W|B|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@$K|12|L|13|1|14]]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|15|8|@$K|16|L|17|O|P]|$K|18|L|19|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$S|$5|T|U|V|A|$W|X]]]]

<h1>os.UserHomeDir()</h1>

In go1.12+ you can use os.UserHomeDir()

<pre><code>home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
</code></pre>

See <a href="https://golang.org/pkg/os/#UserHomeDir" rel="noreferrer">https://golang.org/pkg/os/#UserHomeDir</a>

That should work even without CGO enabled (i.e. <code>FROM scratch</code>) and without having to parse <code>/etc/passwd</code> or other such nonsense.

Is the following the best way of obtaining the running user's home directory? Or is there a specific function that I've ovelooked?

<pre><code>os.Getenv("HOME")
</code></pre>

If the above is correct, does anyone happen to know whether this approach is guaranteed to work on non-Linux platforms, e.g. Windows?

Obtain user's home directory

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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下面是获取运行用户主目录的最佳方式吗？或者有没有我已经看过的特定函数？os.Getenv("HOME")如果上面的说法是正确的，有没有人碰巧知道这种方法是否保证在非Linux平台上工作，例如Windows？

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