blocks|key|1388043|text|如果处理的字符编码不是UTF-16，则不应该使用java.lang.String或char原语--应该只使用byte[]数组或ByteBuffer对象。然后，您可以使用java.nio.charset.Charset在编码之间进行转换：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1388044|Charset+utf8charset+=+Charset.forName("UTF-8");
Charset+iso88591charset+=+Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

ByteBuffer+inputBuffer+=+ByteBuffer.wrap(new+byte[]{(byte)0xC3,+(byte)0xA2});

//+decode+UTF-8
CharBuffer+data+=+utf8charset.decode(inputBuffer);

//+encode+ISO-8559-1
ByteBuffer+outputBuffer+=+iso88591charset.encode(data);
byte[]+outputData+=+outputBuffer.array();|code-block|syntax|javascript|1388045|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html^0|O|G|15|4|1I|6|1R|A|2C|O|2C|O|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]|$9|V|A|W|B|C]|$9|X|A|Y|B|C]|$9|Z|A|10|B|C]|$9|11|A|12|B|C]]|D|@$9|13|A|14|1|15]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|R]]]]

If you're dealing with character encodings other than UTF-16, you shouldn't be using <code>java.lang.String</code> or the <code>char</code> primitive -- you should only be using <code>byte[]</code> arrays or <code>ByteBuffer</code> objects. Then, you can use <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html" rel="noreferrer"><code>java.nio.charset.Charset</code></a> to convert between encodings:

<pre><code>Charset utf8charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
Charset iso88591charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

ByteBuffer inputBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[]{(byte)0xC3, (byte)0xA2});

// decode UTF-8
CharBuffer data = utf8charset.decode(inputBuffer);

// encode ISO-8559-1
ByteBuffer outputBuffer = iso88591charset.encode(data);
byte[] outputData = outputBuffer.array();
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1602920|text|从使用UTF-8对字符串进行编码的一组字节开始，从该数据创建一个字符串，然后获取一些以不同编码编码该字符串的字节：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1602921|++++byte[]+utf8bytes+=+{+(byte)0xc3,+(byte)0xa2,+0x61,+0x62,+0x63,+0x64+};
++++Charset+utf8charset+=+Charset.forName("UTF-8");
++++Charset+iso88591charset+=+Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

++++String+string+=+new+String+(+utf8bytes,+utf8charset+);

++++System.out.println(string);

++++//+"When+I+do+a+getbytes(encoding)+and+"
++++byte[]+iso88591bytes+=+string.getBytes(iso88591charset);

++++for+(+byte+b+:+iso88591bytes+)
++++++++System.out.printf("%2502x+",+b);

++++System.out.println();

++++//+"then+create+a+new+string+with+the+bytes+in+ISO-8859-1+encoding"
++++String+string2+=+new+String+(+iso88591bytes,+iso88591charset+);

++++//+"I+get+a+two+different+chars"
++++System.out.println(string2);|code-block|syntax|javascript|1602922|这将正确地输出字符串和iso88591字节：|1602923|âabcd+
e2+61+62+63+64+
âabcd|1602924|因此您的字节数组没有与正确的编码配对：|1602925|++++String+failString+=+new+String+(+utf8bytes,+iso88591charset+);

++++System.out.println(failString);|1602926|输出|1602927|Ã¢abcd|1602928|(或者，或者您只是将utf8字节写入文件，然后以iso88591的形式在其他地方读取它们)|1602929|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$]]

Starting with a set of bytes which encode a string using UTF-8, creates a string from that data, then get some bytes encoding the string in a different encoding:

<pre><code> byte[] utf8bytes = { (byte)0xc3, (byte)0xa2, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x64 };
 Charset utf8charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
 Charset iso88591charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

 String string = new String ( utf8bytes, utf8charset );

 System.out.println(string);

 // "When I do a getbytes(encoding) and "
 byte[] iso88591bytes = string.getBytes(iso88591charset);

 for ( byte b : iso88591bytes )
 System.out.printf("%02x ", b);

 System.out.println();

 // "then create a new string with the bytes in ISO-8859-1 encoding"
 String string2 = new String ( iso88591bytes, iso88591charset );

 // "I get a two different chars"
 System.out.println(string2);
</code></pre>

this outputs strings and the iso88591 bytes correctly:

<pre><code>âabcd 
e2 61 62 63 64 
âabcd
</code></pre>

So your byte array wasn't paired with the correct encoding: 

<pre><code> String failString = new String ( utf8bytes, iso88591charset );

 System.out.println(failString);
</code></pre>

Outputs

<pre><code>Ã¢abcd
</code></pre>

(either that, or you just wrote the utf8 bytes to a file and read them elsewhere as iso88591)

blocks|key|1388141|text|逐出非ISO-8859-1字符，将替换为'?‘(通过示例发送到ISO-8859-1数据库之前)：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1388142|utf8String+=新字符串(+utf8String.getBytes()，"ISO-8859-1“)；|1388143|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

evict non ISO-8859-1 characters, will be replace by '?'
(before send to a ISO-8859-1 DB by example):

utf8String = new String ( utf8String.getBytes(), "ISO-8859-1" );

blocks|key|1602983|text|如果字符串中有正确的编码，则无需执行更多操作即可获取另一种编码的字节。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1602984|public+static+void+main(String[]+args)+throws+Exception+{
++++printBytes("â");
++++System.out.println(
++++++++++++new+String(new+byte[]+{+(byte)+0xE2+},+"ISO-8859-1"));
++++System.out.println(
++++++++++++new+String(new+byte[]+{+(byte)+0xC3,+(byte)+0xA2+},+"UTF-8"));
}

private+static+void+printBytes(String+str)+{
++++System.out.println("Bytes+in+"+%2B+str+%2B+"+with+ISO-8859-1");
++++for+(byte+b+:+str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1))+{
++++++++System.out.printf("%253X",+b);
++++}
++++System.out.println();
++++System.out.println("Bytes+in+"+%2B+str+%2B+"+with+UTF-8");
++++for+(byte+b+:+str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))+{
++++++++System.out.printf("%253X",+b);
++++}
++++System.out.println();
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|1602985|输出：|1602986|Bytes+in+â+with+ISO-8859-1
+E2
Bytes+in+â+with+UTF-8
+C3+A2
â
â|1602987|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

If you have the correct encoding in the string, you need not do more to get the bytes for another encoding.

<pre><code>public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 printBytes("â");
 System.out.println(
 new String(new byte[] { (byte) 0xE2 }, "ISO-8859-1"));
 System.out.println(
 new String(new byte[] { (byte) 0xC3, (byte) 0xA2 }, "UTF-8"));
}

private static void printBytes(String str) {
 System.out.println("Bytes in " + str + " with ISO-8859-1");
 for (byte b : str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1)) {
 System.out.printf("%3X", b);
 }
 System.out.println();
 System.out.println("Bytes in " + str + " with UTF-8");
 for (byte b : str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
 System.out.printf("%3X", b);
 }
 System.out.println();
}
</code></pre>

Output:

<pre><code>Bytes in â with ISO-8859-1
 E2
Bytes in â with UTF-8
 C3 A2
â
â
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1388200|text|对于文件编码...|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1388201|public+class+FRomUtf8ToIso+{
++++++++static+File+input+=+new+File("C:/Users/admin/Desktop/pippo.txt");
++++++++static+File+output+=+new+File("C:/Users/admin/Desktop/ciccio.txt");


++++public+static+void+main(String[]+args)+throws+IOException+{

++++++++BufferedReader+br+=+null;

++++++++FileWriter+fileWriter+=+new+FileWriter(output);
++++++++try+{

++++++++++++String+sCurrentLine;

++++++++++++br+=+new+BufferedReader(new+FileReader(+input+));

++++++++++++int+i=+0;
++++++++++++while+((sCurrentLine+=+br.readLine())+!=+null)+{
++++++++++++++++byte[]+isoB+=++encode(+sCurrentLine.getBytes()+);
++++++++++++++++fileWriter.write(new+String(isoB,+Charset.forName("ISO-8859-15")+)+);
++++++++++++++++fileWriter.write("\n");
++++++++++++++++System.out.println(+i%2B%2B+);
++++++++++++}

++++++++}+catch+(IOException+e)+{
++++++++++++e.printStackTrace();
++++++++}+finally+{
++++++++++++try+{
++++++++++++++++fileWriter.flush();
++++++++++++++++fileWriter.close();
++++++++++++++++if+(br+!=+null)br.close();
++++++++++++}+catch+(IOException+ex)+{
++++++++++++++++ex.printStackTrace();
++++++++++++}
++++++++}

++++}


++++static+byte[]+encode(byte[]+arr){
++++++++Charset+utf8charset+=+Charset.forName("UTF-8");
++++++++Charset+iso88591charset+=+Charset.forName("ISO-8859-15");

++++++++ByteBuffer+inputBuffer+=+ByteBuffer.wrap(+arr+);

++++++++//+decode+UTF-8
++++++++CharBuffer+data+=+utf8charset.decode(inputBuffer);

++++++++//+encode+ISO-8559-1
++++++++ByteBuffer+outputBuffer+=+iso88591charset.encode(data);
++++++++byte[]+outputData+=+outputBuffer.array();

++++++++return+outputData;
++++}

}|code-block|syntax|javascript|1388202|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

For files encoding...

<pre><code>public class FRomUtf8ToIso {
 static File input = new File("C:/Users/admin/Desktop/pippo.txt");
 static File output = new File("C:/Users/admin/Desktop/ciccio.txt");


 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

 BufferedReader br = null;

 FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(output);
 try {

 String sCurrentLine;

 br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader( input ));

 int i= 0;
 while ((sCurrentLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
 byte[] isoB = encode( sCurrentLine.getBytes() );
 fileWriter.write(new String(isoB, Charset.forName("ISO-8859-15") ) );
 fileWriter.write("\n");
 System.out.println( i++ );
 }

 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 try {
 fileWriter.flush();
 fileWriter.close();
 if (br != null)br.close();
 } catch (IOException ex) {
 ex.printStackTrace();
 }
 }

 }


 static byte[] encode(byte[] arr){
 Charset utf8charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
 Charset iso88591charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-15");

 ByteBuffer inputBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap( arr );

 // decode UTF-8
 CharBuffer data = utf8charset.decode(inputBuffer);

 // encode ISO-8559-1
 ByteBuffer outputBuffer = iso88591charset.encode(data);
 byte[] outputData = outputBuffer.array();

 return outputData;
 }

}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1603045|text|除了Adam+Rosenfield的回答之外，我想补充的是，ByteBuffer.array()返回缓冲区的底层字节数组，该数组不一定要“修剪”到最后一个字符。将需要额外的操作，例如在this+answer中提到的操作；特别是：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1603046|byte[]+b+=+new+byte[bb.remaining()]
bb.get(b);|code-block|syntax|javascript|1603047|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/679298/gets-byte-array-from-a-bytebuffer-in-java^0|U|I|2K|4|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@$9|V|A|W|1|X]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|R]]]]

In addition to Adam Rosenfield's answer, I would like to add that <code>ByteBuffer.array()</code> returns the buffer's underlying byte array, which is not necessarily "trimmed" up to the last character. Extra manipulation will be needed, such as the ones mentioned in <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/679298/gets-byte-array-from-a-bytebuffer-in-java">this</a> answer; in particular:

<pre><code>byte[] b = new byte[bb.remaining()]
bb.get(b);
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1388247|text|这就是我需要的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1388248|public+static+byte[]+encode(byte[]+arr,+String+fromCharsetName)+{
++++return+encode(arr,+Charset.forName(fromCharsetName),+Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
}

public+static+byte[]+encode(byte[]+arr,+String+fromCharsetName,+String+targetCharsetName)+{
++++return+encode(arr,+Charset.forName(fromCharsetName),+Charset.forName(targetCharsetName));
}

public+static+byte[]+encode(byte[]+arr,+Charset+sourceCharset,+Charset+targetCharset)+{

++++ByteBuffer+inputBuffer+=+ByteBuffer.wrap(+arr+);

++++CharBuffer+data+=+sourceCharset.decode(inputBuffer);

++++ByteBuffer+outputBuffer+=+targetCharset.encode(data);
++++byte[]+outputData+=+outputBuffer.array();

++++return+outputData;
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|1388249|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

This is what I needed:

<pre><code>public static byte[] encode(byte[] arr, String fromCharsetName) {
 return encode(arr, Charset.forName(fromCharsetName), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
}

public static byte[] encode(byte[] arr, String fromCharsetName, String targetCharsetName) {
 return encode(arr, Charset.forName(fromCharsetName), Charset.forName(targetCharsetName));
}

public static byte[] encode(byte[] arr, Charset sourceCharset, Charset targetCharset) {

 ByteBuffer inputBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap( arr );

 CharBuffer data = sourceCharset.decode(inputBuffer);

 ByteBuffer outputBuffer = targetCharset.encode(data);
 byte[] outputData = outputBuffer.array();

 return outputData;
}
</code></pre>

I am trying to convert a string encoded in java in UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1. Say for example, in the string 'âabcd' 'â' is represented in ISO-8859-1 as E2. In UTF-8 it is represented as two bytes. C3 A2 I believe. When I do a getbytes(encoding) and then create a new string with the bytes in ISO-8859-1 encoding, I get a two different chars. Ã¢. Is there any other way to do this so as to keep the character the same i.e. âabcd?

Converting UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1 in Java - how to keep it as single byte

数据库

我正在尝试将UTF-8中用java编码的字符串转换为ISO-8859-1。例如，在字符串‘’abcd‘’中，‘’在ISO-8859-1中表示为E2。在UTF-8中，它表示为两个字节。我相信是C3 A2。当我执行getbytes(编码)，然后用ISO-8859-1编码的字节创建一个新字符串时，我得到了两个不同的字符。我是...

问在Java中将UTF-8转换为ISO-8859-1 -如何将其保留为单字节
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