blocks|key|252951|text|如果我在~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc中将后端设置为template，那么我可以重现您的症状：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|252952|~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc：|252953|#+backend++++++:+GtkAgg
backend++++++:+template|code-block|syntax|javascript|252954|请注意，~/.matplotlib/目录中可能不存在文件matplotlibrc。在这种情况下，以下代码显示了它所在的位置：|252955|>>>+import+matplotlib
>>>+matplotlib.matplotlib_fname()|252956|252957|In+[1]:+import+matplotlib.pyplot+as+p

In+[2]:+p.plot(range(20),range(20))
Out[2]:+[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D+object+at+0xa64932c>]

In+[3]:+p.show()|252958|252959|如果您编辑~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc并将后端更改为类似于GtkAgg的内容，您应该会看到一个图。您可以使用以下命令列出机器上所有可用的后端|252960|import+matplotlib.rcsetup+as+rcsetup
print(rcsetup.all_backends)|252961|它应该返回一个类似如下的列表：|252962|['GTK',+'GTKAgg',+'GTKCairo',+'FltkAgg',+'MacOSX',+'QtAgg',+'Qt4Agg',
'TkAgg',+'WX',+'WXAgg',+'CocoaAgg',+'agg',+'cairo',+'emf',+'gdk',+'pdf',
'ps',+'svg',+'template']|252963|参考资料：|252964|252965|Customizing+matplotlib|unordered-list-item|252966|252967|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://matplotlib.org/users/customizing.html^0|4|Q|11|8|0|0|0|4|E|S|C|0|0|0|0|0|5|Q|15|6|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|M|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1H|8|@$9|1I|A|1J|B|C]|$9|1K|A|1L|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|1M|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|1N|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1O|8|@$9|1P|A|1Q|B|C]|$9|1R|A|1S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|J|7|1T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|J|7|1V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1W|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|1X|8|@$9|1Y|A|1Z|B|C]|$9|20|A|21|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|J|7|22|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|23|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|10|3|11|5|J|7|24|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|12|3|13|5|6|7|25|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|14|3|-4|5|6|7|26|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|15|3|16|5|17|7|27|8|@]|D|@$9|28|A|29|1|2A]]|E|$]]|$1|18|3|-4|5|6|7|2B|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|19|3|-4|5|6|7|2C|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|1A|$1B|$5|1C|1D|1E|E|$1F|1G]]]]

If I set my backend to <code>template</code> in <code>~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc</code>,
then I can reproduce your symptoms:

~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc:

<pre><code># backend : GtkAgg
backend : template
</code></pre>

Note that the file <code>matplotlibrc</code> may not be in directory <code>~/.matplotlib/</code>. In this case, the following code shows where it is:

<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; import matplotlib
&gt;&gt;&gt; matplotlib.matplotlib_fname()
</code></pre>

<hr>

<pre><code>In [1]: import matplotlib.pyplot as p

In [2]: p.plot(range(20),range(20))
Out[2]: [&lt;matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0xa64932c&gt;]

In [3]: p.show()
</code></pre>

<hr>

If you edit <code>~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc</code> and change the backend to something like <code>GtkAgg</code>, you should see a plot. You can list all the backends available on your machine with

<pre><code>import matplotlib.rcsetup as rcsetup
print(rcsetup.all_backends)
</code></pre>

It should return a list like:

<pre><code>['GTK', 'GTKAgg', 'GTKCairo', 'FltkAgg', 'MacOSX', 'QtAgg', 'Qt4Agg',
'TkAgg', 'WX', 'WXAgg', 'CocoaAgg', 'agg', 'cairo', 'emf', 'gdk', 'pdf',
'ps', 'svg', 'template']
</code></pre>

Reference:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://matplotlib.org/users/customizing.html" rel="noreferrer">Customizing matplotlib</a></li>
</ul>

blocks|key|251278|text|将来可以用来作参考,|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|251279|我也遇到过同样的问题--+pylab在ipython下没有显示。已通过更改ipython的配置文件{ipython_config.py}修复此问题。在配置文件中|251280|c.InteractiveShellApp.pylab+=+'auto'|offset|length|style|CODE|251281|我把'auto‘改成了'qt’，现在我看到了图形|251282|entityMap^0|0|0|0|10|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|P|8|@$F|Q|G|R|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|M|$]]

For future reference,

I have encountered the same problem -- pylab was not showing under ipython. The problem was fixed by changing ipython's config file {ipython_config.py}. In the config file

<code>c.InteractiveShellApp.pylab = 'auto'</code>

I changed 'auto' to 'qt' and now I see graphs

blocks|key|256291|text|我在Ubuntu+12.04上遇到了完全相同的问题，因为我使用以下命令安装matplotlib+(在virtualenv中)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|256292|pip+install+matplotlib|code-block|syntax|javascript|256293|长话短说，我的建议是:不要尝试使用pip或手动安装matplotlib；让真正的包管理器(例如apt-get+/+synaptic)为您安装matplotlib及其所有依赖项。|256294|不幸的是，matplotlib的后端(实际渲染绘图的替代方法)具有pip无法处理的各种依赖项。更糟糕的是，它以静默方式失败；也就是说，pip+install+matplotlib似乎成功地安装了matplotlib。但当您尝试使用它(例如pyplot.show())时，不会出现绘图窗口。我尝试了网络上人们建议的所有不同的后端(Qt4Agg，GTK等)，它们都失败了(例如，当我试图导入matplotlib.pyplot时，我得到了ImportError，因为它试图导入一些缺失的依赖项)。然后我研究了如何安装这些依赖项，但这让我想放弃使用pip+(在virtualenv中)作为任何具有非Python包依赖项的包的可行安装解决方案。|offset|length|style|CODE|256295|整个经历让我爬回apt-get+/+synaptic+(即Ubuntu包管理器)来安装matplotlib这样的软件。这样做效果很好。当然，这意味着你只能安装到你的系统目录中，没有virtualenv好处，而且你只能使用Ubuntu发布的版本，它可能远远落后于当前的版本……|256296|entityMap^0|0|0|0|1V|M|3B|D|60|B|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|V|8|@$K|W|L|X|M|N]|$K|Y|L|Z|M|N]|$K|10|L|11|M|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

I ran into the exact same problem on Ubuntu 12.04, because I installed matplotlib (within a virtualenv) using

<pre><code>pip install matplotlib
</code></pre>

To make long story short, my advice is: don't try to install matplotlib using pip or by hand; let a real package manager (e.g. apt-get / synaptic) install it and all its dependencies for you.

Unfortunately, matplotlib's backends (alternative methods for actually rendering your plots) have all sorts of dependencies that pip will not deal with. Even worse, it fails silently; that is, <code>pip install matplotlib</code> appears to install matplotlib successfully. But when you try to use it (e.g. <code>pyplot.show()</code>), no plot window will appear. I tried all the different backends that people on the web suggest (Qt4Agg, GTK, etc.), and they all failed (i.e. when I tried to import matplotlib.pyplot, I get <code>ImportError</code> because it's trying to import some dependency that's missing). I then researched how to install those dependencies, but it just made me want to give up using pip (within virtualenv) as a viable installation solution for any package that has non-Python package dependencies. 

The whole experience sent me crawling back to apt-get / synaptic (i.e. the Ubuntu package manager) to install software like matplotlib. That worked perfectly. Of course, that means you can only install into your system directories, no virtualenv goodness, and you are stuck with the versions that Ubuntu distributes, which may be way behind the current version...

blocks|key|255140|text|对于Ubuntu+12.04：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|255141|sudo+apt-get+install+python-qt4
virtualenv+.env+--no-site-packages
source+.env/bin/activate
easy_install+-U+distribute
ln+-s+/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyQt4+.
ln+-s+/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sip.so+.
pip+install+matplotlib|code-block|syntax|javascript|255142|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

For Ubuntu 12.04:

<pre><code>sudo apt-get install python-qt4
virtualenv .env --no-site-packages
source .env/bin/activate
easy_install -U distribute
ln -s /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyQt4 .
ln -s /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sip.so .
pip install matplotlib
</code></pre>

blocks|key|3150180|text|确保启用此启动脚本：(首选项>控制台>高级选项)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3150181|/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/spyderlib/scientific_startup.py|code-block|syntax|javascript|3150182|如果启用了标准PYTHONSTARTUP，则不会有交互式绘图|3150183|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

Be sure to have this startup script enabled :
( Preferences > Console > Advanced Options ) 

<pre><code>/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/spyderlib/scientific_startup.py
</code></pre>

If the standard PYTHONSTARTUP is enabled you won't have an interactive plot

blocks|key|251331|text|%25matplotlib内联|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|251332|对于使用notebook的我来说，在绘图之前添加上面的代码行。|251333|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

%matplotlib inline

For me working with notebook, adding the above line before the plot works.

blocks|key|255153|text|我必须从源安装matplotlib才能使其正常工作。关键说明(来自http://www.pyimagesearch.com/2015/08/24/resolved-matplotlib-figures-not-showing-up-or-displaying/)如下：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|255154|$+workon+plotting
$+pip+uninstall+matplotlib
$+git+clone+https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib.git
$+cd+matplotlib
$+python+setup.py+install|code-block|syntax|javascript|255155|正如@unutbu所说，通过改变后端，我遇到了更多的问题，所有不同的后端也不能工作。|255156|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.pyimagesearch.com/2015/08/24/resolved-matplotlib-figures-not-showing-up-or-displaying/^0|X|2P|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|C|$Q|R]]]]

I had to install matplotlib from source to get this to work. The key instructions (from <a href="http://www.pyimagesearch.com/2015/08/24/resolved-matplotlib-figures-not-showing-up-or-displaying/" rel="nofollow">http://www.pyimagesearch.com/2015/08/24/resolved-matplotlib-figures-not-showing-up-or-displaying/</a>) are:

<pre><code>$ workon plotting
$ pip uninstall matplotlib
$ git clone https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib.git
$ cd matplotlib
$ python setup.py install
</code></pre>

By changing the backend, as @unutbu says, I just ran into loads more problems with all the different backends not working either.

blocks|key|256340|text|在导入pylab之前添加以下两行似乎适合我|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|256341|import+matplotlib
matplotlib.use("gtk")

import+sys
import+pylab
import+numpy+as+np|code-block|syntax|javascript|256342|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Adding the following two lines before importing pylab seems to work for me 

<pre><code>import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("gtk")

import sys
import pylab
import numpy as np
</code></pre>

blocks|key|256344|text|解决问题的方法是在顶部使用ipython+notebook中的以下两行|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|256345|%25matplotib+inline
%25pylab+inline|code-block|syntax|javascript|256346|而且它起作用了。我使用的是Ubuntu16.04和ipython-5.1|256347|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

What solved my problem was just using the below two lines in ipython notebook at the top

<pre><code>%matplotib inline
%pylab inline
</code></pre>

And it worked. I'm using Ubuntu16.04 and ipython-5.1

blocks|key|2935966|text|只需键入：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2935967|plt.ion()|offset|length|style|CODE|2935968|23:30见https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zmV8lZsHF4！|2935969|使用plt是因为我的导入：import+matplotlib.pyplot+as+plt|2935970|我在安装了iTerm2的苹果电脑上使用python2.7。|2935971|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zmV8lZsHF4^0|0|0|9|0|6|17|0|0|D|O|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|W|8|@$D|X|E|Y|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@$D|10|E|11|1|12]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|13|8|@$D|14|E|15|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|O|$P|$5|Q|R|S|A|$T|U]]]]

Just type:

<code>plt.ion()</code>

See <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zmV8lZsHF4" rel="noreferrer">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zmV8lZsHF4</a> at 23:30 !

<code>plt</code> is used because of my import: <code>import matplotlib.pyplot</code> as plt

I'm using python2.7 on a mac with iTerm2.

blocks|key|3150258|text|与@Rikki类似，我通过使用pip+install+matplotlib+--upgrade升级matplotlib解决了这个问题。如果你不能升级，卸载并重新安装可能会起作用。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|3150259|pip+uninstall+matplotlib
pip+install+matplotlib|code-block|syntax|javascript|3150260|entityMap^0|F|W|1D|A|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]|$9|P|A|Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

Similar to @Rikki, I solved this problem by upgrading <code>matplotlib</code> with <code>pip install matplotlib --upgrade</code>. If you can't upgrade uninstalling and reinstalling may work.

<pre><code>pip uninstall matplotlib
pip install matplotlib
</code></pre>

blocks|key|255194|text|对于我来说，如果我只是在macOS上的~/.matplotlib下创建一个空的matplotlibrc文件，就会发生问题。添加"backend:+macosx“可以解决这个问题。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|255195|我认为这是一个错误:如果在我的matplotlibrc中没有指定backend，它应该采用默认值。|255196|entityMap^0|J|D|13|C|0|F|C|W|7|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|J|8|@$9|K|A|L|B|C]|$9|M|A|N|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]|$9|R|A|S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|I|$]]

For me the problem happens if I simply create an empty <code>matplotlibrc</code> file under <code>~/.matplotlib</code> on macOS. Adding "backend: macosx" in it fixes the problem.

I think it is a bug: if <code>backend</code> is not specified in my <code>matplotlibrc</code> it should take the default value.

blocks|key|251359|text|在运行您的代码之后，包含以下内容：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|251360|import+pylab+as+p
p.show()|code-block|syntax|javascript|251361|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

After running your code include:

<pre><code>import pylab as p
p.show()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|256367|text|我发现我需要window+=+Tk()，然后是window.mainloop()|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|256368|entityMap^0|6|D|N|H|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]|$9|K|A|L|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

I found that I needed <code>window = Tk()</code> and then <code>window.mainloop()</code>

blocks|key|256374|text|如果你来自ruby，别忘了括号-+show()|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|256375|entityMap^0|H|6|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

if you are a nube from ruby, don't forget the parenthesis - <code>show()</code>

Help required on matplotlib. Yes, I did not forget calling the pyplot.show().

<h3>$ ipython --pylab</h3>

<pre><code>import matplotlib.pyplot as p 
p.plot(range(20), range(20))
</code></pre>

It returns <code>matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xade2b2c</code> as the output.

<pre><code>p.show()
</code></pre>

There is nothing to happen. No error message. No new window. Nothing. I install <code>matplotlib</code> by using pip and I didn't take any error messages. 

Details:

I use,

<ul>
<li>Ubuntu</li>
<li>IPython v0.11</li>
<li>Python v2.6.6</li>
<li>matplotlib v1.0.1</li>
</ul>

matplotlib does not show my drawings although I call pyplot.show()

包管理器

Python

Ubuntu

matplotlib需要帮助。是的，我没有忘记调用pyplot.show()。$ ipython --pylabimport matplotlib.pyplot as p p.plot(range(20), range(20))它返回matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xade2b2c作为输出。p....

问matplotlib不显示我的绘图，尽管我调用了pyplot.show()
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问matplotlib不显示我的绘图，尽管我调用了pyplot.show()
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