blocks|key|1357065|text|有多种解决方案。对于最简单的设置，您可以在crontab中使用script/runner，如下所示：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1357066|10+0+*+*+*+/home/myuser/myproject/script/runner+-e+production+ModelName.methodname|code-block|syntax|javascript|1357067|Methodname必须是模型上的静态方法。您需要通过完整路径引用项目，否则很可能在cron环境中找不到它。如果您不熟悉，请查看crontab手册页，了解有关crontab语法的信息。例如，上面的代码在每天的第0个小时的第10分钟(简称为12:10am+)运行脚本。|1357068|如果你需要一个更强大的解决方案，你可以使用BackgroundRB。BackgroundRB运行一个守护进程，支持调度任务，并且可以将结果放入数据库中。它们甚至有一个简单的通信协议，允许您的web进程请求完成一个任务，然后有一种方法来检索结果。这允许你直接从web界面控制后台作业，而不是crontab，这只是“发生”。|1357069|BackroundRB需要更多的设置才能工作，但如果需要控制作业，这可能是值得的。|1357070|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://backgroundrb.rubyforge.org/^0|V|D|0|0|1S|7|0|L|C|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|12|8|@$9|13|A|14|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|15|8|@]|D|@$9|16|A|17|1|18]]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|19|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|R|$S|$5|T|U|V|E|$W|X]]]]

There are a variety of solutions. For the simplest setup, you can use <code>script/runner</code> in your crontab something like so:

<pre><code>10 0 * * * /home/myuser/myproject/script/runner -e production ModelName.methodname
</code></pre>

Methodname must be a static method on your model. You need to reference the project by full path, otherwise it will not be found most likely in the cron environment. Check your <code>crontab</code> man page for info on the crontab syntax if you're not familiar. The above, for example, runs the script at the 10th minute of the 0th hour of every day (at 12:10am, in short).

If you need a more powerful solution, you could use <a href="http://backgroundrb.rubyforge.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">BackgroundRB</a>. BackgroundRB runs a daemon and supports tasks that schedule, and can put results in a database. They even have a simple communication protocol to allow your web processes to request a task be completed, and then have a way to retrieve the result. This allows you to control background jobs right from the web interface, rather than a crontab which just "happens".

There is a good bit more setup needed for BackroundRB to work, but it may be worth it if jobs need to be controlled.

blocks|key|1142108|text|我建议做一些类似于rake任务的事情，并使用whenever+gem生成您的cron作业来运行rake任务。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1142109|请查看http://railscasts.com/episodes/164-cron-in-ruby，了解更多关于whenver的信息。|1142110|whenever+gem的主要好处是它将应用程序的需求(即应用程序中每x小时运行一次的cron作业)保存在应用程序中，从而提高了应用程序的可移植性。|1142111|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/javan/whenever/|1|http://railscasts.com/episodes/164-cron-in-ruby|2^0|M|C|0|0|3|1B|1|0|0|C|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$A|11|B|12|1|13]]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|O]]|P|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|Q]]|R|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|O]]]]

I would suggest doing something like a rake task and using the <a href="https://github.com/javan/whenever/" rel="noreferrer">whenever gem</a> to generate your cron job to run the rake task.

Check out, <a href="http://railscasts.com/episodes/164-cron-in-ruby" rel="noreferrer">http://railscasts.com/episodes/164-cron-in-ruby</a>, for more information on the whenver gem.

The main benefit of the <a href="https://github.com/javan/whenever/" rel="noreferrer">whenever gem</a> is that it keeps your application requirements (i.e. the cron job running every x hours, in the application) inside your application, increasing the portability of your application.

blocks|key|1142200|text|我推荐以上两种方法的组合。你想要一个rake任务，即使你已经创建了一个直接的方法。这是因为您希望在cron中运行的服务器管理工作，您可能还希望偶尔从命令行运行，而这正是rake任务的优势所在。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1142201|whenever插件听起来很酷，尽管我不能保证它。当然，知道如何从头开始做事情，然后使用插件让你的生活变得更容易是件好事。这是从头开始的方法。|1142202|创建一个新文件lib/tasks/admin.rake|offset|length|style|CODE|1142203|在内部，创建任务本身：|1142204|namespace+:admin
++desc+"Updates+all+RSS+feeds"
++task+:rss+=>+:environment+do
++++RssFeed.update_all
++end
end|code-block|syntax|javascript|1142205|这里假设您有一个RssFeed类，并且update_all方法做了您所期望的事情。您可以从命令行调用此命令：|1142206|rake+admin:rss|1142207|您可以将此代码添加到cron中(通过以web用户身份调用crontab+-l+)并添加以下行：|1142208|10+0+*+*+*+cd+/path/to/rails/app+&&+rake+RAILS_ENV=production+admin:rss|1142209|entityMap^0|0|0|7|K|0|0|0|0|0|S|A|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|12|8|@$F|13|G|14|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|N|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$O|P]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|N|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$O|P]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|19|8|@$F|1A|G|1B|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|N|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$O|P]]|$1|Y|3|-4|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|Z|$]]

I recommend a combination of the two above. You want a rake task, even if you have a direct method already created. This is because server admin stuff that you'd want to run in cron, you might also want to run from the command line occasionally, and this is what rake tasks are good for.

The whenever plugin sounds cool, although I can't vouch for it. Of course, it's good to know how to do things from scratch, then use plugins to make your life easier. Here's the from-scratch way.

Create a new file, <code>lib/tasks/admin.rake</code>

Inside, create the task itself:

<pre><code>namespace :admin
 desc "Updates all RSS feeds"
 task :rss =&gt; :environment do
 RssFeed.update_all
 end
end
</code></pre>

This assumes you have an RssFeed class, and the update_all method does what you'd expect. You can call this from the command line:

<pre><code>rake admin:rss
</code></pre>

And you can add this to cron (by calling <code>crontab -l</code> as the web user) and adding this line:

<pre><code>10 0 * * * cd /path/to/rails/app &amp;&amp; rake RAILS_ENV=production admin:rss
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1142253|text|尝试使用whenever。尽管最终它会创建一个cron，但调度定义将使用Ruby+DSL在您的应用程序内部编写。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1142254|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://github.com/javan/whenever^0|4|8|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

Try using <a href="http://github.com/javan/whenever" rel="nofollow noreferrer">whenever</a>. Eventhough in the end it will create a cron, but the scheduling definition will be written inside your application using Ruby DSL.

blocks|key|1142323|text|对于小型团队和个人项目，无论何时，gem都是很好的选择。但是，如果您的公司有一个独立于开发团队的运营团队，这可能并不理想。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1142324|在我的上一份工作中，运营团队需要能够看到我们正在安装的cron，这样他们才能确信它不会对系统产生任何副作用。所以DSL解决方案是行不通的。但是我们(开发人员)想要版本控制中的cron脚本。|1142325|因此，为了折衷，我们使用原始cron检查文本文件，如下所示：|1142326|10+0+*+*+*+cd+/path/to/rails/app+&&+rake+RAILS_ENV=production+admin:rss|code-block|syntax|javascript|1142327|我们在capistrano脚本中添加了一个步骤，将其作为部署的一部分安装到crontab。|1142328|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

For small teams and personal projects, the whenever gem is great. But if your company has an ops team separate from the development team, it might not be ideal. 

At my last job, the ops team needed to be able to see the cron we were installing so they could be confident it wouldn't have any side effects for the system. So a DSL solution wasn't going to work. But we (the developers) wanted the cron scripts in version control.

So to compromise, we checked text files with the raw cron, similar to this:

<pre><code>10 0 * * * cd /path/to/rails/app &amp;&amp; rake RAILS_ENV=production admin:rss
</code></pre>

And we added a step to the capistrano script that installed that to the crontab as part of the deploy.

blocks|key|1142379|text|在您的服务器中尝试webmin设置。如果您的托管站点提供它的话。转到下面提到的URL。它很容易设置和用户自由使用。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1142380|URL为：|1142381|http://your_ip_address:10000/|code-block|syntax|javascript|1142382|我已经在我的许多应用程序中使用过它，它对我调度cron作业很有效。|1142383|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Try webmin setup in your server. If your hosted site provide it. Go to the below mentioned URL. It's easy to set up and user freiendly.

URL is:

<pre><code>http://your_ip_address:10000/
</code></pre>

I have used this in many of my application it's worked for me to schedule cron jobs.

I am currently writing an application that pulls new information from RSS sources and has to update those RSS sources in a certain frequency. Currently I am pulling only when the user requests a feed but I want to change that behavior to automatic periodic fetching.

I was writing a shellscript that would interact with the database and gets started periodically via cron - but this is lots of double effort so I was wondering what would be the "Rails Way" or "Ruby Way" to do this. I am using Ubuntu, Apache and Passenger. Can you suggest better methods that are maybe even included in the application, so I can easily deploy the app to another machine without having to mingle with cron?

Recurring tasks in a Ruby On Rails application: Cron or other?

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我目前正在编写一个从RSS源中提取新信息的应用程序，并且必须以一定的频率更新这些RSS源。目前，我只在用户请求提要时拉取，但我希望将该行为更改为自动定期获取。我正在写一个Rails脚本，它将与数据库交互，并通过cron定期启动-但这需要付出大量的努力，所以我想知道做这件事的"Rails方式“或"Ruby方式”是什么。我...

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