entityMap|0|type|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|data|url|https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200549016-Customizing-RStudio|blocks|key|6r6bk|text|我通常会尝试将我所有的包放在一个库中，但是如果您想添加库，为什么不将新的库(它必须已经存在于您的文件系统中)附加到现有的库路径中呢？|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|f7jhu|.libPaths(+c(+.libPaths(),+"~/userLibrary")+)
+#+obviously+this+would+need+to+be+a+valid+file+directory+in+your+OS
+#+min+just+happened+to+be+on+a+Mac+that+day|code-block|syntax|javascript|74a2j|或者(这将使userLibrary成为放置新包的第一个位置)：|ck00p|.libPaths(+c(+"~/userLibrary"+,+.libPaths()+)+)|js|31khg|然后我得到(至少在我最初写这篇文章的时候)：|8gn66|>+.libPaths()
[1]+"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.15/Resources/library"
[2]+"/Users/user_name/userLibrary"|fuadu|The+The+The.libPaths函数与大多数其他非图形函数略有不同。它通过副作用起作用。函数Sys.getenv和Sys.setenv该报告和alter+R环境变量已被拆分，但是|offset|length|style|CODE|4c0uj|.libPaths可以报告或更改其目标。|er2gq|有关R启动过程的信息可以在?Startup帮助页，并在以下位置提供RStudio材料：https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200549016-Customizing-RStudio|bikus|在您的情况下，RStudio似乎没有遵守Rprofile.site设置，或者可能通过从某个RStudio默认值中读取.Rprofile设置来覆盖它们。还应该提到的是，此操作的结果还将调用的内容附加到.Library和|ck86q|.Library.site，这也是为什么RStudio(或任何其他已安装的IDE或网络)托管的R可能表现出不同行为的进一步原因。|88up4|因为Sys.getenv()返回R进程的当前系统环境，您可以使用以下命令查看库和其他路径：|4ulqe|Sys.getenv()[+grep("LIB%7CPATH",+names(Sys.getenv()))+]|3uk93|存储和访问包的两个重要因素是(现在在Linux机器上是不同的)：|a1b02|R_LIBS_SITE++++++++++++++++++++++++++/usr/local/lib/R/site-library:/usr/lib/R/site-library:/usr/lib/R/library
R_LIBS_USER++++++++++++++++++++++++++/home/david/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5.1/^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|B|9|1E|A|1P|A|0|0|9|0|D|8|17|23|0|0|2R|8|0|0|D|0|2|C|0|0|0^^$0|$1|$2|3|4|5|6|$7|8]]]|9|@$A|B|C|D|2|E|F|1I|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|I|C|J|2|K|F|1J|G|@]|H|@]|6|$L|M]]|$A|N|C|O|2|E|F|1K|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|P|C|Q|2|K|F|1L|G|@]|H|@]|6|$L|R]]|$A|S|C|T|2|E|F|1M|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|U|C|V|2|K|F|1N|G|@]|H|@]|6|$L|M]]|$A|W|C|X|2|E|F|1O|G|@$Y|1P|Z|1Q|10|11]|$Y|1R|Z|1S|10|11]|$Y|1T|Z|1U|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|12|C|13|2|E|F|1V|G|@$Y|1W|Z|1X|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|14|C|15|2|E|F|1Y|G|@$Y|1Z|Z|20|10|11]]|H|@$Y|21|Z|22|A|23]]|6|$]]|$A|16|C|17|2|E|F|24|G|@$Y|25|Z|26|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|18|C|19|2|E|F|27|G|@$Y|28|Z|29|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1A|C|1B|2|E|F|2A|G|@$Y|2B|Z|2C|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1C|C|1D|2|K|F|2D|G|@]|H|@]|6|$L|R]]|$A|1E|C|1F|2|E|F|2E|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1G|C|1H|2|K|F|2F|G|@]|H|@]|6|$L|M]]]]

I generally try to keep all of my packages in one library, but if you want to add a library why not append the new library (which must already exist in your filesystem) to the existing library path?
<pre><code>.libPaths( c( .libPaths(), &quot;~/userLibrary&quot;) )
 # obviously this would need to be a valid file directory in your OS
 # min just happened to be on a Mac that day
</code></pre>
Or (and this will make the userLibrary the first place to put new packages):
<pre><code>.libPaths( c( &quot;~/userLibrary&quot; , .libPaths() ) )
</code></pre>
Then I get (at least back when I wrote this originally):
<pre><code>&gt; .libPaths()
[1] &quot;/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.15/Resources/library&quot;
[2] &quot;/Users/user_name/userLibrary&quot; 
</code></pre>
The <code>.libPaths</code> function is a bit different than most other nongraphics functions. It works via side-effect. The functions <code>Sys.getenv</code> and <code>Sys.setenv</code> that report and alter the R environment variables have been split apart but <code>.libPaths</code> can either report or alter its target.
The information about the R startup process can be read at <code>?Startup</code> help page and there is RStudio material at: <a href="https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200549016-Customizing-RStudio" rel="noreferrer">https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200549016-Customizing-RStudio</a>
In your case it appears that RStudio is not respecting the Rprofile.site settings or perhaps is overriding them by reading an .Rprofile setting from one of the RStudio defaults. It should also be mentioned that the result from this operation also appends the contents of calls to <code>.Library</code> and <code>.Library.site</code>, which is further reason why an RStudio- (or any other IDE or network installed-) hosted R might exhibit different behavior.
Since <code>Sys.getenv()</code> returns the current system environment for the R process, you can see the library and other paths with:
<pre><code>Sys.getenv()[ grep(&quot;LIB|PATH&quot;, names(Sys.getenv())) ]
</code></pre>
The two that matter for storing and accessing packages are (now different on a Linux box):
<pre><code>R_LIBS_SITE /usr/local/lib/R/site-library:/usr/lib/R/site-library:/usr/lib/R/library
R_LIBS_USER /home/david/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5.1/
 
</code></pre>

entityMap|blocks|key|2omav|text|我设法解决了这个问题，方法是将代码放在.Rprofile默认工作目录中的文件。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|23hrc|首先，我找到了默认工作目录的位置|7ugrr|>+getwd()
[1]+"C:/Users/me/Documents"|code-block|syntax|javascript|dm9tv|然后，我使用文本编辑器编写了一个简单的.Rprofile文件中包含以下行|96t58|.libPaths("C:/software/Rpackages")|js|fdnk5|最后，当我开始R然后运行.libPaths()我得到了想要的输出：|a72m6|>+.libPaths()
[1]+"C:/software/Rpackages"+++++++++++++++"C:/Program+Files/R/R-2.15.2/library"
[3]+"C:/Program+Files/RStudio/R/library"^0|J|9|0|0|0|J|9|0|0|7|1|C|B|0^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|W|9|@$A|X|B|Y|C|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$2|G|4|H|6|7|8|Z|9|@]|E|@]|F|$]]|$2|I|4|J|6|K|8|10|9|@]|E|@]|F|$L|M]]|$2|N|4|O|6|7|8|11|9|@$A|12|B|13|C|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$2|P|4|Q|6|K|8|14|9|@]|E|@]|F|$L|R]]|$2|S|4|T|6|7|8|15|9|@$A|16|B|17|C|D]|$A|18|B|19|C|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$2|U|4|V|6|K|8|1A|9|@]|E|@]|F|$L|M]]]]

I managed to solve the problem by placing the code in the <code>.Rprofile</code> file in the default working directory.

First, I found the location of the default working directory

<pre><code>&gt; getwd()
[1] "C:/Users/me/Documents"
</code></pre>

Then I used a text editor to write a simple <code>.Rprofile</code> file with the following line in it

<pre><code>.libPaths("C:/software/Rpackages")
</code></pre>

Finally, when I start <code>R</code> and run <code>.libPaths()</code> I get the desired output:

<pre><code>&gt; .libPaths()
[1] "C:/software/Rpackages" "C:/Program Files/R/R-2.15.2/library"
[3] "C:/Program Files/RStudio/R/library"
</code></pre>

entityMap|0|type|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|data|url|https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200549016#general|blocks|key|55ndu|text|正确的解决方案是设置环境变量R_LIBS_USER设置为所需库文件夹的文件路径的值，而不是让RStudio识别Rprofile.site文件。|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|d3h2h|设置环境变量R_LIBS_USER在Windows中，转到控制面板(系统属性->高级系统属性->环境变量->用户变量)，将其设置为所需的值(库文件夹的路径)，例如|1729q|Variable+name:+R_LIBS_USER+
Variable+value:+C:/software/Rpackages|code-block|syntax|javascript|4oki|如果由于某些原因您无法访问控制面板，您可以尝试运行|7e8qc|rundll32+sysdm.cpl,EditEnvironmentVariables|bu980|从Windows上的命令行添加环境变量。|620at|设置R_LIBS_无论是直接启动RStudio，还是通过右键单击文件并“打开方式”启动RStudio，用户都将确保库首先出现在.libPaths()中。|e0fvq|如果始终通过单击RStudio快捷方式启动RStudio，则可以使用Rprofile解决方案。在这种情况下，将默认工作目录设置为存放Rprofile的目录|d8hel|就足够了。当单击文件以启动RStudio时，Rprofile解决方案不起作用，因为这会将工作目录从默认工作目录更改为非默认工作目录。^0|E|B|0|6|B|0|0|0|0|17|0|0|0|1I|K|0|0^^$0|$1|$2|3|4|5|6|$7|8]]]|9|@$A|B|C|D|2|E|F|15|G|@$H|16|I|17|J|K]]|L|@]|6|$]]|$A|M|C|N|2|E|F|18|G|@$H|19|I|1A|J|K]]|L|@]|6|$]]|$A|O|C|P|2|Q|F|1B|G|@]|L|@]|6|$R|S]]|$A|T|C|U|2|E|F|1C|G|@]|L|@]|6|$]]|$A|V|C|W|2|E|F|1D|G|@$H|1E|I|1F|J|K]]|L|@]|6|$]]|$A|X|C|Y|2|E|F|1G|G|@]|L|@]|6|$]]|$A|Z|C|10|2|E|F|1H|G|@]|L|@]|6|$]]|$A|11|C|12|2|E|F|1I|G|@]|L|@$H|1J|I|1K|A|1L]]|6|$]]|$A|13|C|14|2|E|F|1M|G|@]|L|@]|6|$]]]]

The proper solution is to set environment variable <code>R_LIBS_USER</code> to the value of the file path to your desired library folder as opposed to getting RStudio to recognize a Rprofile.site file.
To set environment variable <code>R_LIBS_USER</code> in Windows, go to the Control Panel (System Properties -&gt; Advanced system properties -&gt; Environment Variables -&gt; User Variables) to a desired value (the path to your library folder), e.g.
<pre><code>Variable name: R_LIBS_USER 
Variable value: C:/software/Rpackages 
</code></pre>
If for some reason you do not have access to the control panel, you can try running <code>rundll32 sysdm.cpl,EditEnvironmentVariables</code> from the command line on Windows and add the environment variable from there.
Setting R_LIBS_USER will ensure that the library shows up first in .libPaths() regardless of starting RStudio directly or by right-clicking an file and &quot;Open With&quot; to start RStudio.
The Rprofile solution can work if RStudio is always started by clicking the RStudio shortcut. In this case, <a href="https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200549016#general" rel="noreferrer">setting the default working directory to the directory that houses your Rprofile</a> will be sufficient. The Rprofile solution does not work when clicking on a file to start RStudio because that changes the working directory away from the default working directory.

entityMap|blocks|key|7ma6i|text|如果您没有管理员权限，打开Rprofile.site-file位于\R-3.1.0\etc并添加：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2vh3l|.First+<-+function(){
++.libPaths("your+path+here")
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|45bf7|这将计算.libPath()在启动时直接执行命令^0|D|D|0|0|4|A^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|N|9|@$A|O|B|P|C|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$2|G|4|H|6|I|8|Q|9|@]|E|@]|F|$J|K]]|$2|L|4|M|6|7|8|R|9|@$A|S|B|T|C|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]]]

If you do not have admin-rights, it can also be helpful to open the <code>Rprofile.site</code>-file located in \R-3.1.0\etc and add:

<pre><code>.First &lt;- function(){
 .libPaths("your path here")
}
</code></pre>

This evaluates the <code>.libPath()</code> command directly at start

entityMap|blocks|key|6rpql|text|我真的很难理解这一点。gorkypl在我上次重装我的OS+&+Rstudio时给出了上面的正确解决方案，但这次，设置我的环境变量没有解决问题。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|6ioli|已卸载R和Rstudio，创建目录C:\R和C:\Rstudio，然后重新安装这两个目录。|fcr8f|定义R_LIBS_USER+user变量到您的首选目录(根据gorkypl的回答)，然后重新启动机器以加载User变量。打开Rstudio，错误应该会消失。|2jcvs|您还可以使用Sys.setenv()修改R的步骤_LIBS_用户添加到备用库的路径，这样更容易，而且不需要重新启动计算机。|offset|length|style|CODE|alfbd|要了解R的内容，请执行以下操作_LIBS_用户设置为：?Sys.getenv()阅读help(Startup)是很有用的。^0|0|0|0|6|C|0|R|D|16|D^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|O|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|C|4|D|6|7|8|P|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|E|4|F|6|7|8|Q|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|G|4|H|6|7|8|R|9|@$I|S|J|T|K|L]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|M|4|N|6|7|8|U|9|@$I|V|J|W|K|L]|$I|X|J|Y|K|L]]|A|@]|B|$]]]]

I've had real trouble understanding this. gorkypl gave the correct solution above when I last re-installed my OS &amp; Rstudio but this time round, setting my environment variable didn't resolve.

Uninstallled both R and Rstudio, creating directories C:\R and C:\Rstudio then reinstalled both.

Define R_LIBS_USER user variable to your prefered directory (as per gorkypl's answer) and restart your machine for User variable to be loaded. Open Rstudio, errors should be gone.

You can also use <code>Sys.setenv()</code> to modify R_LIBS_USER to the path of your alternative library which is easier and does not need to restart your computer.

To see what R_LIBS_USER is set to:
<code>?Sys.getenv()</code>

Reading <code>help(Startup)</code> is useful.

entityMap|blocks|key|3qj48|text|getwd()
#+[1]+"C:/Users/..../software/My+R+studio"|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|f92gf|复制上面的链接，使用双反逗号|unstyled|4mdeq|.libPaths(new="C:/Users/..../software/My+R+studio")|js|69o4t|您的默认路径将更改为安装包^0|0|0|0^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|M|9|@]|A|@]|B|$C|D]]|$2|E|4|F|6|G|8|N|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|H|4|I|6|7|8|O|9|@]|A|@]|B|$C|J]]|$2|K|4|L|6|G|8|P|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]]]

<pre><code>getwd()
# [1] "C:/Users/..../software/My R studio"
</code></pre>

copy the above link with double inverted comma

<pre><code>.libPaths(new="C:/Users/..../software/My R studio")
</code></pre>

Your default path will change for installing pakages

entityMap|blocks|key|17fvt|text|如果您的默认包库在安装新版本的R后或通过任何其他方式进行了更改，您可以在以下命令的帮助下添加这两个库以使用所有包。获取现有库路径：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|bopr0|.libPaths()|offset|length|style|CODE|1g7m5|现在，设置现有路径和旧路径：|3329d|.libPaths(c(.libPaths(),+"~/yourOldPath"))|99rng|希望能有所帮助。^0|0|0|B|0|0|0|16|0^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|O|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|C|4|D|6|7|8|P|9|@$E|Q|F|R|G|H]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|I|4|J|6|7|8|S|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|K|4|L|6|7|8|T|9|@$E|U|F|V|G|H]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|M|4|N|6|7|8|W|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]]]

If your default package library has been changed after installing a new version of R or by any other means, you can append both the libraries to use all the packages with the help of the commands below.
Get the existing library path : 

<code>.libPaths()</code>

Now,set the existing and the old path :

<code>.libPaths(c(.libPaths(), "~/yourOldPath"))</code>

Hope it helps.

entityMap|blocks|key|9ake6|text|我读了自述文件。因为他们提到在命令行中使用.libPaths()来检查有哪些路径。我之前有两个库路径。当我在我想要的地方使用.libpath命令(“C:/Program+Files/R/R-3.2.4修订版/库”)时，它改变了库路径。当我再次在命令行输入.libPaths()时，它显示了正确的路径。希望这能有所帮助|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data^0^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|C|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]]]

I read the readme. In that they mentioned use .libPaths() in command line to check which paths are there. I had 2 library paths earlier. When I used the command .libpath("C:/Program Files/R/R-3.2.4revised/library") where I wanted, it changed the library path. When I typed in .libPaths() at the command line again it showed me the correct path. Hope this helps

entityMap|0|type|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|data|url|http://people.stat.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/CourseNotes/R-personal-library.html|blocks|key|erdf5|text|我找到了我认为的解决方案here(感谢SFU的Carl+Schwarz+)添加了一个可以永久识别(您不必在每次会话中定义它)的个人库，无论是使用R还是Rstudio，Rstudio都将其视为我的Mac机器上的默认库。我还没有看到它在SO上明确地列出了这一点，所以我总结了他们提供的步骤，针对Windows，然后针对Mac。|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|elqa9|对于Windows+7操作系统：|4lkjf|在要存放个人库的驱动器上创建一个目录，例如C:\User\Rlibs+(或您有权访问的其他目录)|1s7lk|在Windows搜索栏中搜索/转到“为您的帐户编辑环境变量”以编辑控制面板设置|1hhd0|单击“新建...”在"Environmental“窗口的中间|85tmt|在"New+User+Variable“窗口中，键入R_LIBS对于“变量名”，以及您创建的个人库目录的路径，例如C:\User\Rlibs|f1a93|单击[确定]，您应该会在[用户变量]窗口中看到变量/值对|b5u42|再次单击确定|1bknv|现在，当您启动R(或Rstudio)并键入以下命令时.libPaths()|style|CODE|2jss5|您应该会看到您创建的个人库以及R系统库。|9o0l3|对于Mac：|dr9ob|在"Home“或"username”目录中创建一个名为的文件夹Rlibs|66olv|启动终端应用程序|cp4gn|类型：echo+"R_LIBS=~/Rlibs">+.Renvrion确保大小写匹配。|al8ka|类型ls+-a要查看目录中文件的完整列表，现在应该包括.Renvrion|3n8cl|验证.Renviron文件已正确设置：|a5d7s|more+.Renviron|cd4i6|启动R/Rstudio并键入.libPaths()您应该会看到通向您的个人库的新路径。^0|C|4|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|Q|B|0|0|0|0|0|3|W|0|2|5|0|0|0|E|0|E|B^^$0|$1|$2|3|4|5|6|$7|8]]]|9|@$A|B|C|D|2|E|F|1K|G|@]|H|@$I|1L|J|1M|A|1N]]|6|$]]|$A|K|C|L|2|E|F|1O|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|M|C|N|2|E|F|1P|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|O|C|P|2|E|F|1Q|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|Q|C|R|2|E|F|1R|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|S|C|T|2|E|F|1S|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|U|C|V|2|E|F|1T|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|W|C|X|2|E|F|1U|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|Y|C|Z|2|E|F|1V|G|@$I|1W|J|1X|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|12|C|13|2|E|F|1Y|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|14|C|15|2|E|F|1Z|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|16|C|17|2|E|F|20|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|18|C|19|2|E|F|21|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1A|C|1B|2|E|F|22|G|@$I|23|J|24|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1C|C|1D|2|E|F|25|G|@$I|26|J|27|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1E|C|1F|2|E|F|28|G|@]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1G|C|1H|2|E|F|29|G|@$I|2A|J|2B|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]|$A|1I|C|1J|2|E|F|2C|G|@$I|2D|J|2E|10|11]]|H|@]|6|$]]]]

I found what I think is a solution <a href="http://people.stat.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/CourseNotes/R-personal-library.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a> (thank you Carl Schwarz at SFU) for adding a personal library that is permanently (you don't have to define it each session) recognized whether using R or Rstudio, and Rstudio treats it as the default on my Mac machine. I hadn't seen it laid out this explicitly on SO, so I summarized the steps they provided, for Windows and then for Mac. 

For a Windows 7 OS:

<ol>
<li>Create a directory on the drive where you want to have your personal library, e.g. C:\User\Rlibs (or another that you have permissions to)</li>
<li>Search for/go to "Edit environment variable for your account" in the Windows search bar to edit control panel settings</li>
<li>Click "New..." in the middle of the "Environmental Variables" window</li>
<li>In the "New User Variable" window, type R_LIBS for the "Variable name", and the path to the personal library directory you created, e.g. C:\User\Rlibs</li>
<li>Click OK and you should see the Variable/Value pair in the User variables window</li>
<li>Click OK again</li>
</ol>

Now when you start R (or Rstudio) and type the command <code>.libPaths()</code> you should see the personal library you created as well as the R system library.

For Mac:

<ol>
<li>In your "Home" or "username" directory create a folder called Rlibs</li>
<li>Launch the Terminal application</li>
<li>Type: <code>echo "R_LIBS=~/Rlibs"&gt; .Renvrion</code> Make sure case matches.</li>
<li>Type <code>ls -a</code> to see the full list of files in the directory, which should now include .Renvrion</li>
<li>Verify that the .Renviron file has been set properly: <code>more .Renviron</code></li>
</ol>

Launch R/Rstudio and type <code>.libPaths()</code> and you should see the new path to your personal library.

entityMap|blocks|key|12g5n|text|我之所以研究这个问题，是因为R在安装到默认位置时遇到了问题，而只是将包放到了temp文件夹中。这被证明是Mcaffee+Endpoint+Security的最新更新，它显然存在R方面的问题。您可以在安装软件包时禁用威胁防护，它将正常工作。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data^0^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|C|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]]]

I was looking into this because R was having issues installing into the default location and was instead just putting the packages into the temp folder. It turned out to be the latest update for Mcaffee Endpoint Security which apparently has issues with R. You can disable the threat protection while you install the packages and it will work properly.

entityMap|0|type|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|data|url|https://superuser.com/questions/749283/change-rstudio-library-path-at-home-directory|blocks|key|f8f8k|text|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|617s0|编辑~/.Renviron|7eea3|R_LIBS_USER=/some/path|code-block|syntax|js^0|0|2C|0|0|0^^$0|$1|$2|3|4|5|6|$7|8]]]|9|@$A|B|C|8|2|D|E|Q|F|@]|G|@$H|R|I|S|A|T]]|6|$]]|$A|J|C|K|2|D|E|U|F|@]|G|@]|6|$]]|$A|L|C|M|2|N|E|V|F|@]|G|@]|6|$O|P]]]]

<a href="https://superuser.com/questions/749283/change-rstudio-library-path-at-home-directory">https://superuser.com/questions/749283/change-rstudio-library-path-at-home-directory</a>

Edit ~/.Renviron

<pre><code>R_LIBS_USER=/some/path
</code></pre>

entityMap|blocks|key|foqk5|text|只需在没有管理员权限的目录中更改R库的默认文件夹，例如|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2v08c|.libPaths("C:/R/libs")|code-block|syntax|js^0|0^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|H|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|C|4|D|6|E|8|I|9|@]|A|@]|B|$F|G]]]]

just change the default folder for your R libraries in a directory with no Administrator rights, e.g.

<pre><code>.libPaths("C:/R/libs")
</code></pre>

entityMap|blocks|key|dhrl0|text|如果你想永久改变你的库路径(而不是每次输入R时都调用.libPath())，这对我来说是可行的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|fktri|在您的主目录下创建.Rprofile。(~/.Rprofile)|688ap|类型.libPaths(c(+.libPaths(),+"your+new+path"+))|offset|length|style|CODE|2is6o|在.Rprofile文件中，保存。|bprf1|打开R(任意目录)并检查，只需输入.libPaths()，您可以发现您的libaray路径已更新！^0|0|0|2|18|0|0|H|B^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|O|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|C|4|D|6|7|8|P|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|E|4|F|6|7|8|Q|9|@$G|R|H|S|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|K|4|L|6|7|8|T|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|M|4|N|6|7|8|U|9|@$G|V|H|W|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]]]

If you want to change your library path permanently (without calling .libPath() every time when entering in R, this works for me:

<ol>
<li>create .Rprofile under your home directory. (~/.Rprofile)</li>
<li>type 
<code>.libPaths(c( .libPaths(), "your new path" ))</code>
in .Rprofile file, save.</li>
<li>open R (any directory) and check, just type <code>.libPaths()</code>, you can find your libaray path is updated! </li>
</ol>

entityMap|blocks|key|c2gem|text|在Ubuntu上，推荐的way](https://cran.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/README.html#pathways-to-r-packages)+[更改用户的默认库路径的方法是将R_LIBS_USER|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|dl3uq|中的变量~/.Renviron文件。|dlgvo|touch+~/.Renviron
echo+"R_LIBS_USER=/custom/path/in/absolute/form"+>>+~/.Renviron|code-block|syntax|javascript^0|35|B|0|4|B|0^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|N|9|@$A|O|B|P|C|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$2|G|4|H|6|7|8|Q|9|@$A|R|B|S|C|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$2|I|4|J|6|K|8|T|9|@]|E|@]|F|$L|M]]]]

On Ubuntu, the <a href="https://cran.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/README.html#pathways-to-r-packages" rel="nofollow noreferrer">recommended way</a> of changing the default library path for a user, is to set the <code>R_LIBS_USER</code> variable in the <code>~/.Renviron</code> file.

<pre><code>touch ~/.Renviron
echo "R_LIBS_USER=/custom/path/in/absolute/form" &gt;&gt; ~/.Renviron
</code></pre>

entityMap|blocks|key|6duqe|text|由于这里的大多数答案都与Windows和Mac+OS有关(考虑到我也在这个问题上苦苦挣扎)，我决定将帮助我解决这个问题的过程发布到我的Arch+Linux设置。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|d3s3p|步骤1：|anl1n|对您的系统进行全局搜索(例如ANGRYSearch)。Renviron(这是设置用户库设置的配置文件)。|offset|length|style|CODE|c0nf|它应该只返回以下目录路径下的两个结果：|6sj8l|/etc/R/+|ordered-list-item|73flg|/usr/lib/R/etc/+|rqvi|注意：The+The+TheRenviron存储在1和2(如上)的配置文件是相互热链接的(这意味着对一个文件所做的更改将自动应用以相同的形式/结构保存正在编辑的文件时复制到另一个文件-[您还需要|6kpf1|sudo编辑后保存文件的权限])..。|1o4kt|步骤2：|qhcs|导航到第一个目录路径(/etc/R/)并打开Renviron|cprs5|使用您最喜欢的文本编辑器编辑文件。|4gg7j|一旦进入Renviron文件搜索R_LIBS_USER标记花括号部分中的文本并将其更新为所需的目录路径。|5bqhi|7r7ci|示例：|9dsb6|..。更改自(原始条目)：|6r2ok|R_LIBS_USER=${R_LIBS_USER-'~/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.0'}|c5735|..。更改为(您想要的条目)：|1vt03|R_LIBS_USER=${R_LIBS_USER-'~/Apps/R/rUserLibs'}|1v2rm|步骤3：|8hrmp|保存Renviron您刚刚编辑的文件...完成!！^0|0|0|R|8|0|0|0|7|0|0|F|0|E|8|0|0|4|0|0|B|7|M|8|0|0|4|8|G|B|0|0|0|0|0|1S|0|0|0|1B|0|0|2|8^^$0|$]|1|@$2|3|4|5|6|7|8|1I|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|C|4|D|6|7|8|1J|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|E|4|F|6|7|8|1K|9|@$G|1L|H|1M|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|K|4|L|6|7|8|1N|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|M|4|N|6|O|8|1O|9|@$G|1P|H|1Q|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|P|4|Q|6|O|8|1R|9|@$G|1S|H|1T|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|R|4|S|6|7|8|1U|9|@$G|1V|H|1W|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|T|4|U|6|7|8|1X|9|@$G|1Y|H|1Z|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|V|4|W|6|7|8|20|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|X|4|Y|6|7|8|21|9|@$G|22|H|23|I|J]|$G|24|H|25|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|Z|4|10|6|7|8|26|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|11|4|12|6|7|8|27|9|@$G|28|H|29|I|J]|$G|2A|H|2B|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|13|4|-4|6|7|8|2C|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|14|4|15|6|7|8|2D|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|16|4|17|6|7|8|2E|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|18|4|19|6|7|8|2F|9|@$G|2G|H|2H|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|1A|4|1B|6|7|8|2I|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|1C|4|1D|6|7|8|2J|9|@$G|2K|H|2L|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|1E|4|1F|6|7|8|2M|9|@]|A|@]|B|$]]|$2|1G|4|1H|6|7|8|2N|9|@$G|2O|H|2P|I|J]]|A|@]|B|$]]]]

Since most of the answers here are related to Windows &amp; Mac OS, (and considering that I also struggled with this) I decided to post the process that helped me solve this problem on my Arch Linux setup.
Step 1:
<ul>
<li>Do a global search of your system (e.g. ANGRYSearch) for the term <code>Renviron</code> (which is the configuration file where the settings for the user libraries are set).</li>
<li>It should return only two results at the following directory paths: 
<ol>
<li><code>/etc/R/</code> </li>
<li><code>/usr/lib/R/etc/</code> 
NOTE: The <code>Renviron</code> config files stored at 1 &amp; 2 (above) are hot-linked to each other (which means changes made to one file will automatically be applied [ in the same form / structure ] to the other file when the file being edited is saved - [ you also need <code>sudo</code> rights for saving the file post-edit ] ).</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
Step 2:
<ul>
<li>Navigate into the 1st directory path ( <code>/etc/R/</code> ) and open the <code>Renviron</code> file with your favourite text editor.</li>
<li>Once inside the <code>Renviron</code> file search for the <code>R_LIBS_USER</code> tag and update the text in the curly braces section to your desired directory path. 
EXAMPLE: 
... Change From ( original entry ): 
<code>R_LIBS_USER=${R_LIBS_USER-'~/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.0'}</code> 
... Change To ( your desired entry ): 
<code>R_LIBS_USER=${R_LIBS_USER-'~/Apps/R/rUserLibs'}</code> </li>
</ul>
Step 3:
<ul>
<li>Save the <code>Renviron</code> file you've just edited ... DONE !!</li>
</ul>

I am running R on Windows, not as an administrator. When I install a package, the following command doesn't work:

<pre><code>&gt; install.packages("zoo")
Installing package(s) into ‘C:/Program Files/R/R-2.15.2/library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
Warning in install.packages :
 'lib = "C:/Program Files/R/R-2.15.2/library"' is not writable
</code></pre>

To install a package, I have to specify a library location:

<pre><code>install.packages("zoo", lib="C:/software/Rpackages")
</code></pre>

To load a package, I also have to specify the library location:

<pre><code>library("zoo", lib.loc="C:/software/Rpackages")
</code></pre>

All of this is OK, but I wanted to see if I could add <code>C:/software/Rpackages</code> to the library path somehow and thus not have to type it each time.

As I searched online, I found that one way to do this is to edit the <code>Rprofile.site</code> file and to add the line

<pre><code>.libPaths("C:/software/Rpackages")
</code></pre>

However, after doing this, and starting RStudio, this is the output that I get

<pre><code>&gt; .libPaths()
[1] "C:/Program Files/R/R-2.15.2/library" "C:/Program Files/RStudio/R/library" 
</code></pre>

The <code>.libPaths</code> command that I added to the <code>Rprofile.site</code> doesn't seem to have had any effect! Why is this the case? Or more importantly, how can I fix the problem so that I can install and load packages without typing in the library location?

Note: if I start RStudio the <code>.libPaths()</code> command seems to work as it is supposed to

<pre><code>.libPaths("C:/software/Rpackages")
&gt; .libPaths()
[1] "C:/software/Rpackages" "C:/Program Files/R/R-2.15.2/library"
</code></pre>

Isn't that strange?

Change R default library path using .libPaths in Rprofile.site fails to work

文件系统

Arch Linux

Windows

Ubuntu

Linux

 我在Windows上运行R，而不是以管理员身份运行。安装软件包时，以下命令不起作用： > install.packages("zoo")Installing package(s) into ‘C:/Program Files/R/R-2.15.2/library’(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)Wa...

问在Rprofile.site中使用.libPaths更改R默认库路径失败
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