blocks|key|409154|text|Shim+exports是用来让requirejs知道如何处理非AMD模块的。如果没有它，则在模块启动时，定义块中的依赖项仍将被加载。它会用信号通知requirejs，它已经停止加载资源，模块可以开始使用它。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|409155|至少，我是这么看的。|409156|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

Shim exports is for letting requirejs know how to handle non-AMD modules. Without it, dependencies in the define block will still be loading, while the module starts. It signals requirejs that it has stopped loading the resource and that modules can start using it.

At least, that's how i see it.

blocks|key|191087|text|如果在您的示例中没有使用shim，那么您作为参数传递的Backbone对象将未定义为Backbone，不符合AMD，并且不会返回供RequireJS使用的对象。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|191088|define(['backbone'],+function+(Backbone)+{
++//+No+shim?+Then+Backbone+here+is+undefined+as+it+may
++//+load+out+of+order+and+you'll+get+an+error+when
++//+trying+to+use+Model
++return+Backbone.Model.extend({});
});|code-block|syntax|javascript|191089|为了给出一点上下文，我将使用r.js优化器输出的代码，但我将在这个示例中简化它。通过阅读优化器产生的内容，它帮助我理解了它的意义。|191090|垫片的主干有点像这样：|191091|//+Create+self+invoked+function+with+the+global+'this'
//+passed+in.+Here+it+would+be+window
define("backbone",+(function+(global)+{
++++//+When+user+requires+the+'backbone'+module
++++//+as+a+dependency,+simply+return+them+window.Backbone
++++//+so+that+properites+can+be+accessed
++++return+function+()+{
++++++++return+global.Backbone;
++++};
}(this)));|191092|重点是当你请求一个模块时，给RequireJS一些东西来返回给你，它将确保在这样做之前先加载模块。在优化器的情况下，它将简单地预先嵌入库。|191093|entityMap^0|C|4|R|8|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]|$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|10|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|H|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|13|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|T|$]]

If <code>shim</code> is not used in your example then the <code>Backbone</code> object you pass in as a parameter would be undefined as Backbone is not AMD compliant and does not return an object for RequireJS to use. 

<pre><code>define(['backbone'], function (Backbone) {
 // No shim? Then Backbone here is undefined as it may
 // load out of order and you'll get an error when
 // trying to use Model
 return Backbone.Model.extend({});
});
</code></pre>

To give a bit of context I will use the code that the r.js optimiser spits out but I will simplify it for this example. It helped me understand the point of it by reading what the optimiser produces.

The shimmed Backbone would be a little like this:

<pre><code>// Create self invoked function with the global 'this'
// passed in. Here it would be window
define("backbone", (function (global) {
 // When user requires the 'backbone' module
 // as a dependency, simply return them window.Backbone
 // so that properites can be accessed
 return function () {
 return global.Backbone;
 };
}(this)));
</code></pre>

The point is to give RequireJS something to return back to you when you ask for a module, and it will ensure that is loaded first before doing so. In the case of the optimiser, it will simply embed the library before hand.

blocks|key|191107|text|还要注意的是，您可能希望在"exports“中使用插件的实际导出。例如,|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|191108|requirejs.config({
++++shim:+{
++++++++'jquery.colorize':+{
++++++++++++deps:+['jquery'],
++++++++++++exports:+'jQuery.fn.colorize'
++++++++},
++++++++'jquery.scroll':+{
++++++++++++deps:+['jquery'],
++++++++++++exports:+'jQuery.fn.scroll'
++++++++},
++++++++'backbone.layoutmanager':+{
++++++++++++deps:+['backbone']
++++++++++++exports:+'Backbone.LayoutManager'
++++++++},
++++++++"jqueryui":+{
++++++++++++deps:+["jquery"],
++++++++++++//This+is+because+jQueryUI+plugin+exports+many+things,+we+would+just+
++++++++++++//have+reference+to+main+jQuery+object.+RequireJS+will+make+sure+to
++++++++++++//have+loaded+jqueryui+script.
++++++++++++exports:+"jQuery"++
++++++++},
++++++++"jstree":+{
++++++++++++deps:+["jquery",+"jqueryui",+"jquery.hotkeys",+"jquery.cookie"],
++++++++++++exports:+"jQuery.fn.jstree"
++++++++},
++++++++"jquery.hotkeys":+{
++++++++++++deps:+["jquery"],
++++++++++++exports:+"jQuery"++//This+plugins+don't+export+object+in+jQuery.fn
++++++++},
++++++++"jquery.cookie":+{
++++++++++++deps:+["jquery"],
++++++++++++exports:+"jQuery"+//This+plugins+don't+export+object+in+jQuery.fn
++++++++}
++++}
});|code-block|syntax|javascript|191109|更多信息：https://github.com/jrburke/requirejs/wiki/Upgrading-to-RequireJS-2.0#wiki-shim|offset|length|191110|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/jrburke/requirejs/wiki/Upgrading-to-RequireJS-2.0#wiki-shim^0|0|0|5|26|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$I|V|J|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]]]

Also note that you might want to use actual export of the plugin in "exports". For example,

<pre><code>requirejs.config({
 shim: {
 'jquery.colorize': {
 deps: ['jquery'],
 exports: 'jQuery.fn.colorize'
 },
 'jquery.scroll': {
 deps: ['jquery'],
 exports: 'jQuery.fn.scroll'
 },
 'backbone.layoutmanager': {
 deps: ['backbone']
 exports: 'Backbone.LayoutManager'
 },
 "jqueryui": {
 deps: ["jquery"],
 //This is because jQueryUI plugin exports many things, we would just 
 //have reference to main jQuery object. RequireJS will make sure to
 //have loaded jqueryui script.
 exports: "jQuery" 
 },
 "jstree": {
 deps: ["jquery", "jqueryui", "jquery.hotkeys", "jquery.cookie"],
 exports: "jQuery.fn.jstree"
 },
 "jquery.hotkeys": {
 deps: ["jquery"],
 exports: "jQuery" //This plugins don't export object in jQuery.fn
 },
 "jquery.cookie": {
 deps: ["jquery"],
 exports: "jQuery" //This plugins don't export object in jQuery.fn
 }
 }
});
</code></pre>

More: <a href="https://github.com/jrburke/requirejs/wiki/Upgrading-to-RequireJS-2.0#wiki-shim" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/jrburke/requirejs/wiki/Upgrading-to-RequireJS-2.0#wiki-shim</a>

What is the purpose of the "exports" property in the shim below? Is it really required?

<pre><code>requirejs.config({
 shim: {
 'backbone': {
 deps: ['underscore', 'jquery'],
 exports: 'Backbone'
 }
 }
});
</code></pre>

I ask because it seems redundant - when the module is included in a dependency list, we will specify the exported name again as the function argument:

<pre><code>define(['backbone'], function (Backbone) {
 return Backbone.Model.extend({});
});
</code></pre>

RequireJS - What is the purpose of the "exports" property in shim

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下面填充程序中的"exports“属性的用途是什么？这真的是必需的吗？requirejs.config({    shim: {        'backbone': {            deps: ['underscore', 'jquery'],            exports: 'Backbone' ...

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