blocks|key|3130636|text|函数式编程最适合于大多数类型的问题，包括您通常使用面向对象编程处理的任何问题，但可能需要存储大量状态或其他副作用的问题除外。除此之外，FP处理复杂问题要比OOP优雅得多，因为它有很多数学背景(从lambda演算开始)。就抽象和组合而言，您拥有更大的灵活性。具有大量设计模式的面向对象程序可以使用更多的函数构造进行重构，这将允许您在不使用设计模式编写的样板结构的情况下完成相同的工作。除了数学和解析之外，FP还被广泛应用于人工智能(尤其是Lisp)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3130637|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Functional programming is best suited for most kinds of problems, including anything you would normally use object-oriented programming for, except for maybe problems that require the storing of a lot of state or other side effects. Aside from that, FP handles complex problems much more gracefully than OOP, as a lot of it comes from a mathematical background (starting with the lambda calculus). You have much more flexibility as far as abstraction and composition go. An object-oriented program with a lot of design patterns could be refactored using more functional constructs which will allow you to do the same thing without the boilerplate structures that design patterns make you write. In addition to mathematics and parsing, FP has also been extensively used in artificial intelligence (particularly Lisp).

blocks|key|817687|text|函数式编程非常适合创建可以并行执行的程序，因为它们不鼓励使用全局状态。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|817688|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Functional programming is great for creating programs that can undergo parallel execution since they discourage the use of global states.

blocks|key|5386466|text|这与其他问题很接近。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|5386467|Why+functional+languages?|offset|length|5386468|What+are+the+benefits+of+functional+programming?|5386469|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36504/why-functional-languages|1|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/128057/what-are-the-benefits-of-functional-programming^0|0|0|P|0|0|0|1C|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$D|T|E|U|1|V]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$D|X|E|Y|1|Z]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|O]]|P|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|Q]]]]

This is close to these other questions.

<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36504/why-functional-languages">Why functional languages?</a>

<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/128057/what-are-the-benefits-of-functional-programming">What are the benefits of functional programming?</a>

blocks|key|3130071|text|函数式语言在数学和统计学中被大量使用。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3130072|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Functional languages are used a lot in maths and statistics.

blocks|key|3130169|text|进一步讲到并行执行点，函数式语言更适合于图形建模，比如光线跟踪。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3130170|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

To further on the parallel execution point, functional languages tend to be good for graphical modelling, such as ray-tracing.

blocks|key|5386227|text|我同意加尔维吉安的观点-|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|5386228|“函数式语言在数学和统计学中被大量使用。”|5386229|然而，这些并不是唯一的用途。随着函数式编程语言变得越来越主流，您可能会开始发现用这些语言编写的业务类/库/软件。|5386230|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$]]

I agree with Galwegian - 

"Functional languages are used a lot in maths and statistics."

However, those are not the only uses. As functional programming languages become more mainstream, youll likely starting finding business classes/libraries/software written written in these languages.

blocks|key|3130221|text|几乎任何有很多数学知识的东西。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3130222|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Pretty much anything that has a lot of maths.

blocks|key|5386534|text|例如，函数式语言ML非常适合于实现编译器和其他处理树的应用程序。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|5386535|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

For example the functional language ML is nice for implementing compilers and other applications manipulating trees.

blocks|key|822397|text|如果您正在编写C%2B%2B模板，那么您正在使用一种纯函数式语言。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|822398|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

If you're writing C++ templates, you're working in a pure functional language.

blocks|key|5386570|text|XSLT是函数式编程语言的一个例子，用于对以XML表示的数据或文档进行转换--诚然，这是一种非常冗长且非常有限的转换。如果我没记错的话，XQuery也是纯功能的。诀窍在于，在没有任何全局状态概念的情况下，它们依赖于主机程序来提供数据并使用其结果。这有助于保持XSLT程序(样式表)的纯洁性和可重用性，但是您需要添加某种(命令式)框架才能将它们用作通用处理系统的一部分。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|5386571|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

XSLT is an example of a functional programming language for doing transformations of data or documents represented as XML -- admittedly a very verbose and very limited one. If I remember correctly XQuery is also purely functional. The tricks is that without any concept of global state they arely on a host program to supply the data and consume their results. This helps keep XSLT programs (stylesheets) pure and reusable, but you need to add some sort of (imperative) framework to use them as part of a general-purpose processing system.

blocks|key|3975648|text|基本的电子表格可以看作是函数式程序...:)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3975649|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Basic spreadsheets can be seen as functional programs... :)

blocks|key|3975711|text|数据结构。示例:将Fibonacci堆(通常用作优先级队列)的命令式实现与函数实现进行比较。功能代码通常少于100行代码，而命令式实现可能需要更多的代码行。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3975712|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Data Structures. Example: Compare the imperative implementation of a Fibonacci Heap (often used as a priority queue) with the functional implementation. Often the functional code will be less than 100 lines of code whereas the imperative implementation can be many more lines of code.

Functional programming seems to be a paradigm in computer science which has more and more echo.

I wonder which kind of problems are better solved with a functional programming approach rather than with a more traditional object oriented approach.

Thank you.

To which kind of problem is functional programming well suited?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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函数式编程似乎是计算机科学中的一种范式，得到了越来越多的响应。我想知道使用函数式编程方法比使用更传统的面向对象方法更好地解决哪种问题。谢谢。

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