blocks|key|788322|text|有一堆简单易懂的编译器：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|788323|788324|http://spivey.oriel.ox.ac.uk/corner/Oxford_Oberon-2_compiler|unordered-list-item|offset|length|788325|http://caml.inria.fr/caml-light/index.en.html|788326|http://bellard.org/tcc/|788327|788328|还有一些工具，不是完整的编译器，而是useful:|788329|http://cil.sourceforge.net/+(一个完整的C解析器和代码分析tool)|788330|
|788331|http://scottmcpeak.com/elkhound/+(一个完整的C%2B%2B解析器)|788332|788333|更新：|style|BOLD|788334|可能是最令人印象深刻的一个：-+http://community.schemewiki.org/?90min-scheme2c|788335|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|1|2|3|http://cil.sourceforge.net/|4|http://scottmcpeak.com/elkhound/|5|http://community.schemewiki.org/?90min-scheme2c^0|0|0|0|1O|0|0|0|19|1|0|0|N|2|0|0|0|0|R|3|0|0|0|W|4|0|0|0|3|0|G|1B|5|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|C|3|D|5|E|7|1I|8|@]|9|@$F|1J|G|1K|1|1L]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|E|7|1M|8|@]|9|@$F|1N|G|1O|1|1P]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|E|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@$F|1R|G|1S|1|1T]]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|E|7|1W|8|@]|9|@$F|1X|G|1Y|1|1Z]]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|20|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|E|7|21|8|@]|9|@$F|22|G|23|1|24]]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|25|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|W|5|6|7|26|8|@$F|27|G|28|X|Y]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Z|3|10|5|6|7|29|8|@]|9|@$F|2A|G|2B|1|2C]]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|-4|5|6|7|2D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|12|$13|$5|14|15|16|A|$17|D]]|18|$5|14|15|16|A|$17|I]]|19|$5|14|15|16|A|$17|K]]|1A|$5|14|15|16|A|$17|1B]]|1C|$5|14|15|16|A|$17|1D]]|1E|$5|14|15|16|A|$17|1F]]]]

There is a bunch of simple and comprehendable compilers:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://spivey.oriel.ox.ac.uk/corner/Oxford_Oberon-2_compiler" rel="nofollow">http://spivey.oriel.ox.ac.uk/corner/Oxford_Oberon-2_compiler</a></li>
<li><a href="http://caml.inria.fr/caml-light/index.en.html" rel="nofollow">http://caml.inria.fr/caml-light/index.en.html</a></li>
<li><a href="http://bellard.org/tcc/" rel="nofollow">http://bellard.org/tcc/</a>

And some tools, not complete compilers, but still useful:</li>
<li><a href="http://cil.sourceforge.net/" rel="nofollow">http://cil.sourceforge.net/</a> (a complete C parser and code analysis tool)</li>
<li><a href="http://scottmcpeak.com/elkhound/" rel="nofollow">http://scottmcpeak.com/elkhound/</a> (a complete C++ parser)</li>
</ul>

UPDATE:

Probably the most impressive one:
 - <a href="http://community.schemewiki.org/?90min-scheme2c" rel="nofollow">http://community.schemewiki.org/?90min-scheme2c</a>

blocks|key|788174|text|你可以从lua.org上获取Lua编译器的代码，他们发布了完整的源代码，你也可以获得GCC的源代码，这是C和C%2B%2B编译的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|788175|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

You can grab code for the Lua compiler from lua.org, they distribute full source, and you could also get GCC's source code, which is both C and C++ compiling.

blocks|key|4456241|text|Python解析器文档。源代码是Python发行版的一部分。安装Python，您将获得模块的源代码。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4456242|http://docs.python.org/library/parser.html#module-parser|offset|length|4456243|较旧的编译器包。|4456244|http://docs.python.org/library/compiler.html|4456245|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|1^0|0|0|1K|0|0|0|0|18|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$D|T|E|U|1|V]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@$D|Y|E|Z|1|10]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|A|$P|C]]|Q|$5|M|N|O|A|$P|I]]]]

The Python parser documentation. The source is part of your Python distribution. Install Python and you'll have the module's source.

<a href="http://docs.python.org/library/parser.html#module-parser" rel="nofollow">http://docs.python.org/library/parser.html#module-parser</a>

The older Compiler package.

<a href="http://docs.python.org/library/compiler.html" rel="nofollow">http://docs.python.org/library/compiler.html</a>

blocks|key|2856165|text|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2856166|C/C%2B%2B：GCC+(旧的、粗糙的代码库，但非常流行)，或clang+(较新的、模块化的、接近生产质量，由苹果等公司支持)。如果你只关心字节码编译器，看看例如Jikes，implementations|unordered-list-item|offset|length|2856167|Java：，TCC，PyPy，PyPy，stackless+python，或者最初的cpython都很好，还有一个很小的C编译器。如果你还想要JIT和诸如此类的东西，openjdk是为你准备的。|2856168|2856169|也就是说，真正的编译器可能相当复杂；构建一个玩具编译器可能更容易理解。也就是说，TCC可能是这个组中最好的起点，因为它足够小，很容易理解。|2856170|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://gcc.gnu.org/releases.html|1|http://clang.llvm.org/|2|http://jikes.sourceforge.net/|3|http://bellard.org/tcc/|4|http://codespeak.net/pypy/dist/pypy/doc/|5|6|http://www.stackless.com/|7|http://www.python.org/download/|8|http://openjdk.java.net/^0|0|6|3|0|T|5|1|27|5|2|0|6|3|3|A|4|4|F|4|5|K|G|6|16|7|7|2B|7|8|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|-4|4|5|6|17|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]|$1|A|3|B|4|C|6|18|7|@]|8|@$D|19|E|1A|1|1B]|$D|1C|E|1D|1|1E]|$D|1F|E|1G|1|1H]]|9|$]]|$1|F|3|G|4|C|6|1I|7|@]|8|@$D|1J|E|1K|1|1L]|$D|1M|E|1N|1|1O]|$D|1P|E|1Q|1|1R]|$D|1S|E|1T|1|1U]|$D|1V|E|1W|1|1X]|$D|1Y|E|1Z|1|20]]|9|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|4|5|6|21|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]|$1|I|3|J|4|5|6|22|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|4|5|6|23|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]]|L|$M|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|R]]|S|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|T]]|U|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|V]]|W|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|X]]|Y|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|Z]]|10|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|Z]]|11|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|12]]|13|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|14]]|15|$4|N|O|P|9|$Q|16]]]]

<ul>
<li>C/C++: <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/releases.html" rel="nofollow">GCC</a> (old and crusty codebase, but extremely popular), or <a href="http://clang.llvm.org/" rel="nofollow">clang</a> (newer, modular, getting close to production quality, backed by Apple among others). There's also <a href="http://bellard.org/tcc/" rel="nofollow">TCC</a> - the Tiny C Compiler, which would probably be good for learning.</li>
<li>Python: <a href="http://codespeak.net/pypy/dist/pypy/doc/" rel="nofollow">PyPy</a>, <a href="http://www.stackless.com/" rel="nofollow">stackless python</a>, or the original <a href="http://www.python.org/download/" rel="nofollow">cpython</a> are good implementations</li>
<li>Java: If you just care about the bytecode compiler, look at e.g., <a href="http://jikes.sourceforge.net/" rel="nofollow">Jikes</a>. If you want the JIT and whatnot as well, <a href="http://openjdk.java.net/" rel="nofollow">openjdk</a> is for you.</li>
</ul>

That said, real compilers can be quite complex; building a toy compiler may be easier to understand. That said, TCC would likely be the best starting point out of this group, as it's small enough to easily understand.

blocks|key|4456355|text|你的编译器课程应该给你一些最终能让你成为一个成熟的编译器的东西。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4456356|例如，关于词法分析的部分可以指向一个称为词法分析器的组件。如果您关注泛型和可重用性，则可以将其转换为稍后可在编译器中使用的组件。|4456357|我强烈建议您采取在每个家庭作业项目中至少包含两个组件的方法：main和库组件。在词法分析的示例中，main组件将处理输入和测试。库组件将是lexer。在你毕业并在现实世界中开发巨大的应用程序后，这项技术将会有很大的帮助。|offset|length|style|CODE|4456358|entityMap^0|0|0|U|4|1D|4|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|N|8|@$F|O|G|P|H|I]|$F|Q|G|R|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$]]

Your course on compilers should be giving you the pieces that will eventually lead to a full blown compiler. 

For example, the section on lexical analysis can lead to a component called the Lexer. If you keep an eye open to generics and re-usability, you can turn this into a component that can be used later in your compiler.

I highly suggest you take the approach of having at least two components in every homework project: <code>main</code> and the library component. In the example of lexical analysis, the <code>main</code> component would handle input and testing. The library component would be the lexer. This technique will help greatly after you graduate and develop huge applications in the real world.

blocks|key|4456395|text|我肯定会调查一下The+LLVM+Compiler+Infrastructure。它本身不是一个编译器，而是用于编写编译器、解释器和虚拟机的核心工具。Clang是一个构建在此框架上的C/C%2B%2B编译器。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|4456396|只需注意，直接实现编译器理论将产生一个非常幼稚的编译器。大多数编译器通过多年来对解析技术、优化和代码生成的高级研究来扩展这一理论。|4456397|如果可以，可以考虑一些较小的项目，这些项目仅限于单一架构(即某些RISC计算机)和单一语言。一旦你完成了这一步，看看更大的编译器套件，这些编译器套件在前端支持多种语言，在后端支持多种架构。|4456398|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://llvm.org/^0|8|W|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@$A|Q|B|R|1|S]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|O]]]]

I would definitely look into <a href="http://llvm.org/" rel="nofollow">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a>. It is not a compiler by itself, but rather core tools for writing compilers, interpreters and virtual machines. Clang is a C/C++ compiler built on this framework.

Just note that implementing compiler theory directly will yield a very naive compiler. Most compilers extend that theory with many years of advanced research on parsing techniques, optimizations and code generation.

If you can, look into smaller projects, limited to a single architecture (i.e. some RISC computer) and a single language. Once you've progressed through that, look into bigger compiler suites which support multiple languages on the front-end and multiple architectures on the back-end.

I am currently taking a course on Compilers. I don't like the idea of blindly memorising facts without any sort of place to apply them to. I want to learn by hands-on doing. 

So, I would like to have the complete code of 3-4 compilers, possibly for languages with different syntax rules (python,c, c++, java) while working through the Dragon book.

If complete compilers are too much of an ask, examples of parsers(well-written LL, LR, LALR parsers) and intermediate-code generators for these languages would also do. 

There is a LOT of code out there on the Internet regarding this, but I want something that is considered to be high-quality and standard. I would be grateful for any resources that you can refer me to in this matter. Thanks.

Good source code for compiler components

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我目前正在学习一门关于编译器的课程。我不喜欢盲目地记住事实而没有任何地方去应用它们的想法。我想通过动手实践来学习。因此，我希望有3-4个编译器的完整代码，可能是不同语法规则的语言(python，c，c++，java)，同时通过龙书工作。如果完整的编译器太麻烦了，那么这些语言的解析器(编写良好的LL、LR、LALR解析器)和中间代码生成器的例子也可以。在互联网上有很多关于这方面的代码，但我想要一些被

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