blocks|key|1902552|text|进程和线程之间的主要区别是，每个进程都有自己的内存空间，而线程共享它们在其中运行的进程的内存空间。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1902553|如果一个线程确实是CPU受限的，那么只有当另一个线程都在同一个处理器核心上执行时，它才会减慢它们的速度。createProcess不会缓解这个问题，因为进程仍然会有相同的问题。|offset|length|style|CODE|1902554|另外，你在哪种机器上运行这个程序？它是否有多个核心？|1902555|entityMap^0|0|1G|D|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|M|8|@$D|N|E|O|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$]]

The major difference between a process and a thread is that each process has its own memory space, while threads share the memory space of the process that they are running within.

If a thread is truly CPU bound, it will only slow another thread if they are both executing on the same processor core. <code>createProcess</code> will not alleviate this since a process would still have the same issue. 

Also, what kind of machine are you running this on? Does it have more than one core?

blocks|key|3973243|text|不太可能--一个进程比一个线程“重”得多，所以它可能会更慢。我不知道您对第二个可执行文件的要求是什么，但您可以在同一个.exe上使用createProcess。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3973244|http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682425(v=vs.85).aspx|offset|length|3973245|这听起来像是您在追踪一些性能问题，所以也许尝试一个面向线程的分析器会很有帮助：http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/using-intel-thread-profiler-for-win32-threads-philosophy-and-theory/|3973246|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|1|http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/using-intel-thread-profiler-for-win32-threads-philosophy-and-theory/^0|0|0|1Q|0|0|13|31|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@$D|S|E|T|1|U]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@$D|W|E|X|1|Y]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|C]]|O|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|P]]]]

Not likely - a process is much "heavier" than a thread, so it is likely to be slower still. I'm not sure what you're asking about the 2nd executable, but you can use createProcess on the same .exe.

<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682425(v=vs.85).aspx" rel="nofollow">http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682425(v=vs.85).aspx</a>

It sounds like you're chasing down some performance issues, so perhaps trying out a threading-oriented profiler would be helpful: <a href="http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/using-intel-thread-profiler-for-win32-threads-philosophy-and-theory/" rel="nofollow">http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/using-intel-thread-profiler-for-win32-threads-philosophy-and-theory/</a>

blocks|key|3973322|text|Create+process和create+thread都会在资源有限的环境中导致额外的执行。这意味着，无论你在某个时间点上如何进行并行处理，你的其他执行线都会影响当前的执行。正是由于这个原因，适用于并行分布式系统的非常大的问题被使用。线程和进程各有优缺点。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3973323|3973324|线程|3973325|线程允许在一个地址空间内单独执行，这意味着您可以非常容易地共享对象的数据变量实例，但这也意味着您会遇到更多的同步问题。这些都是痛苦的，正如您可以从涉及的api+function的剪切数量中看到的那样，这不是一个轻松的主题。线程在windows上比进程更轻，因此运行速度更快，维护所需的资源也更少。线程也会受到影响，因为一个线程可能会导致整个进程失败。|offset|length|3973326|3973327|进程|3973328|每个进程都有自己的地址空间，因此可以保护自己不被其他进程拖垮，但缺乏轻松通信的能力。任何通信都必然涉及某种类型的IPC+(管道、TCP等)。|3973329|代码不必在第二个可执行文件中，只需运行两个实例即可。|3973330|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684847%2528v=vs.85%2529.aspx^0|0|0|0|24|C|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|C|3|D|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|E|3|F|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$G|11|H|12|1|13]]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|Q|$R|$5|S|T|U|A|$V|W]]]]

Create process and create thread both cause additional execution on what is a resource limited environment. Meaning no matter how you do parallel processing at some point in time your other lines of execution will imped the current. It is for this reason for very large problems that are suited to parallization distributed system are used. There are pluses and minuses tho threads and processes.
<hr>
Threads
Threads allow separate execution inside of one address space meaning you can share data variables instances of objects very easily, however it also means you run into many more synchronization issues. These are painfull and as you can see from the shear number of <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684847%28v=vs.85%29.aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer">api function</a> involved not a light subject. Threads are a lighter weight on windows then process and as such spin up and down faster and use less resources to maintain. Threads also suffer in that one thread can cause the entire process to fail.
<hr>
Processes 
Process each have there own address space and as such protect themselves from being brought down by another process, but lack the ability to easily communicate. Any communication will necessarily involve some type of IPC ( Pipes, TCP , ...).
The code does not have to be in a second executable just two instances need to run.

blocks|key|1902717|text|这会让事情变得更糟。当切换线程时，CPU只需要换出几个寄存器。因为一个进程的所有线程共享相同的内存，所以不需要刷新缓存。但在进程之间切换时，您也会切换映射内存。因此，CPU必须刷新L1缓存。那是痛苦的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1902718|(L2缓存是物理映射的，即使用硬件地址。当然，这些是不会改变的。)|1902719|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

That would make things worse. When switching threads, the CPU needs to swap out only a few registers. Since all threads of a process share the same memory, there's no need to flush the cache. But when switching betweeen processes, you also switch mapped memory. Therefore, the CPU has to flush the L1 cache. That's painful.

(L2 cache is physically mapped, i.e. uses hardware addresses. Those don't change, of course.)

blocks|key|3973447|text|每个进程都提供执行程序所需的资源。进程具有虚拟地址空间、可执行代码、系统对象的开放句柄、安全上下文、唯一进程标识符、环境变量、优先级、最小和最大工作集大小以及至少一个执行线程。每个进程都以单个线程(通常称为主线程)启动，但可以从它的任何线程创建额外的线程。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3973448|线程是进程中可以调度执行的实体。进程的所有线程共享其虚拟地址空间和系统资源。此外，每个线程维护异常处理程序、调度优先级、线程本地存储、唯一线程标识符和一组结构，系统将使用这些结构来保存线程上下文，直到它被调度。线程上下文包括线程的机器寄存器集、内核堆栈、线程环境块和线程进程的地址空间中的用户堆栈。线程还可以有自己的安全上下文，可用于模拟客户端。|3973449|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

Each process provides the resources needed to execute a program. A process has a virtual address space, executable code, open handles to system objects, a security context, a unique process identifier, environment variables, a priority class, minimum and maximum working set sizes, and at least one thread of execution. Each process is started with a single thread, often called the primary thread, but can create additional threads from any of its threads.

A thread is the entity within a process that can be scheduled for execution. All threads of a process share its virtual address space and system resources. In addition, each thread maintains exception handlers, a scheduling priority, thread local storage, a unique thread identifier, and a set of structures the system will use to save the thread context until it is scheduled. The thread context includes the thread's set of machine registers, the kernel stack, a thread environment block, and a user stack in the address space of the thread's process. Threads can also have their own security context, which can be used for impersonating clients.

In Windows C++, <code>createThread()</code> causes some of the threads to slow down if one thread is doing a very CPU intensive operation. Will <code>createProcess()</code> alleviate this? If so, does <code>createProcess()</code> imply the code must reside in a second executable, or can this all take place inside the same executable?

Windows C++ Process vs Thread

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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在Windows中，如果一个线程正在执行非常耗费C++的操作，createThread()会导致一些线程变慢。createProcess()会缓解这个问题吗？如果是这样，createProcess()是否意味着代码必须驻留在第二个可执行文件中，或者这一切都可以发生在同一个可执行文件中？

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