blocks|key|209302|text|此接口受Network.Socket支持。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|209303|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/network/2.3.0.11/doc/html/Network-Socket.html^0|4|E|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

This interface is supported by <a href="http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/network/2.3.0.11/doc/html/Network-Socket.html" rel="nofollow">Network.Socket</a>.

blocks|key|2178771|text|首先，你不需要绑定原始套接字来使用它。来自man+7+raw|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2178772|2178773|原始套接字可以使用bind(2)调用绑定到特定的本地地址。如果未绑定，则接收指定IP协议的所有数据包。|blockquote|2178774|2178775|2178776|如果您想绑定它，那么可以使用bindSocket，因为原始套接字使用与ip相同的sockaddr结构：|2178777|2178778|原始套接字使用在ip(7)|2178779|
中定义的标准sockaddr_in地址结构|2178780|entityMap^0|L|9|0|0|0|0|0|E|A|Z|2|14|8|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|I|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|11|8|@$9|12|A|13|B|C]|$9|14|A|15|B|C]|$9|16|A|17|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|N|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|I|7|19|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|T|$]]

First of all, you don't need to bind raw socket to use it. From <code>man 7 raw</code>

<blockquote>
 A raw socket can be bound to a specific local address using the bind(2) call. If it isn't bound, all packets with the specified IP protocol are received.
</blockquote>

If you want to bind it, then you can use <code>bindSocket</code> because raw sockets use the same <code>sockaddr</code> structure as <code>ip</code> uses:

<blockquote>
 Raw sockets use the standard sockaddr_in address structure defined in ip(7)
</blockquote>

blocks|key|1157915|text|Network.Pcap可用于发送和接收原始数据。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1157916|import+qualified+Data.ByteString.Char8+as+B
import+Network.Pcap

main+=+do
++++--+open+device
++++dev+<-+openLive+"lo"+65535+False+0
++++setFilter+dev+"ether+proto+0xFFFF"+True+0

++++--+send
++++sendPacketBS+dev+(B.pack+"\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\255\255Hello,+World!")

++++--+receive
++++loopBS+dev+(-1)+(\_+packet+->+putStrLn+(show+packet))|code-block|syntax|javascript|1157917|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/pcap/0.4.5.1/doc/html/Network-Pcap.html#t%253aCallbackBS^0|0|C|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

<a href="http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/pcap/0.4.5.1/doc/html/Network-Pcap.html#t%3aCallbackBS" rel="nofollow">Network.Pcap</a> can be used to send and receive raw data.

<pre><code>import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as B
import Network.Pcap

main = do
 -- open device
 dev &lt;- openLive "lo" 65535 False 0
 setFilter dev "ether proto 0xFFFF" True 0

 -- send
 sendPacketBS dev (B.pack "\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\255\255Hello, World!")

 -- receive
 loopBS dev (-1) (\_ packet -&gt; putStrLn (show packet))
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1851778|text|我也有类似的任务，我唯一能做的就是使用FFI。当前的network+(在撰写本文时为2.4.0.1)只知道三个SockAddr家族，没有一个适合AF_PACKET套接字。需要的是struct+sockaddr_ll，但它不可用。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1851779|有一个patch+that+added+SockAddrRaw，但即使它是merget，它似乎最终还是丢失了。|1851780|我的代码是脏的(对不起，这是我的第一个“严肃的”FFI代码)，但我想我还是要分享它。|1851781|首先，我创建了BindPacketHack.hsc。|1851782|{-#+LANGUAGE+CPP,+ForeignFunctionInterface+#-}

module+BindPacketHack+(bindPacket)+where

import+Foreign
import+Foreign.C.Types
import+Foreign.C.String
import+Network.Socket
import+Network.Socket.Internal+(zeroMemory)

#include+<sys/socket.h>
#include+<netpacket/packet.h>
#include+<net/if.h>

data+SockAddrLL+=+SockAddrLL+{+family+::+CShort
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++,+protocol+::+CShort
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++,+ifindex+::+CInt+}
+++deriving+(Eq,+Show)

instance+Storable+SockAddrLL+where
++++sizeOf+_++++=+(#size+struct+sockaddr_ll)
++++alignment+_+=+alignment+(undefined+::+CInt)
++++peek+_++++++=+error+"peek+is+not+implemented,+sorry"
++++poke+ptr+sa+=+do
++++++++zeroMemory+ptr+(fromIntegral+$+sizeOf+sa)
++++++++(#poke+struct+sockaddr_ll,+sll_family)+ptr+(family+sa)
++++++++(#poke+struct+sockaddr_ll,+sll_protocol)+ptr+(protocol+sa)
++++++++(#poke+struct+sockaddr_ll,+sll_ifindex)+ptr+(ifindex+sa)


foreign+import+ccall+unsafe+"if_nametoindex"
++++c_if_nametoindex+::+CString+->+IO+CInt

ifaceIndex+::+String+->+IO+CInt
ifaceIndex+name+=+withCString+name+c_if_nametoindex


foreign+import+ccall+unsafe+"bind"
++++c_bind_ll+::+CInt+->+Ptr+SockAddrLL+->+CInt+->+IO+CInt

bindLL+::+Socket+->+SockAddrLL+->+IO+Integer
bindLL+s+sa+=+alloca+$+\ptr+->+do
++++poke+ptr+sa
++++ret+<-+c_bind_ll+(fdSocket+s)+ptr+(fromIntegral+$+sizeOf+sa)
++++return+$+toInteger+ret


bindPacket+::+Socket+->+ProtocolNumber+->+String+->+IO+()
bindPacket+s+proto+ifname+=+do
++++ifindex+<-+ifaceIndex+ifname
++++bindLL+s+(sockAddrLL+(fromIntegral+proto)+ifindex)
++++return+()|code-block|syntax|javascript|1851783|正如您可能注意到的，SockAddrLL是不完整的，因此我的实现相当有限。这是因为我只需要这三个字段，其余的都被清零了。然而，添加更多是微不足道的。|1851784|运行hsc2hs+BindPacketHack.hsc，它将解析C头文件并出现一个.hs文件。现在您可以像这样使用它：|1851785|s+<-+socket+AF_PACKET+Raw+eth_PPPoEDiscovery
setFdOption+(Fd+$+fdSocket+s)+CloseOnExec+True
setSocketOption+s+Broadcast+1
bindPacket+s+eth_PPPoEDiscovery+"eth0"
send+s+rawPPPoEPacket+--+don't+forget+Ethernet+header|1851786|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/FFI_Introduction|1|http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/network/2.4.0.1/doc/html/Network-Socket.html#t%253aSockAddr|2|https://github.com/haskell/network/pull/11^0|Q|7|1J|8|20|9|2H|I|J|3|0|1J|8|1|0|K|B|3|S|2|0|0|7|I|0|0|A|A|0|2|P|15|3|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|18|8|@$9|19|A|1A|B|C]|$9|1B|A|1C|B|C]|$9|1D|A|1E|B|C]|$9|1F|A|1G|B|C]]|D|@$9|1H|A|1I|1|1J]|$9|1K|A|1L|1|1M]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|1N|8|@$9|1O|A|1P|B|C]]|D|@$9|1Q|A|1R|1|1S]]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1U|8|@$9|1V|A|1W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|N|7|1X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$O|P]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1Y|8|@$9|1Z|A|20|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|21|8|@$9|22|A|23|B|C]|$9|24|A|25|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|N|7|26|8|@]|D|@]|E|$O|P]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|27|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|X|$Y|$5|Z|10|11|E|$12|13]]|14|$5|Z|10|11|E|$12|15]]|16|$5|Z|10|11|E|$12|17]]]]

Had similar task and the only way I could come with is using <a href="http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/FFI_Introduction" rel="nofollow">FFI</a>. Current <code>network</code> (2.4.0.1 at the time of writing) only knows about three <a href="http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/network/2.4.0.1/doc/html/Network-Socket.html#t%3aSockAddr" rel="nofollow"><code>SockAddr</code></a> families, none of which are suitable for <code>AF_PACKET</code> sockets. What's required is <code>struct sockaddr_ll</code>, which is not available.

There was a <a href="https://github.com/haskell/network/pull/11" rel="nofollow">patch that added <code>SockAddrRaw</code></a>, but even though it was merget it seems that it was eventually lost.

My code is dirty (sorry, that's my first "serious" FFI code ever), but I thought I'd share it anyway.

First, I created <code>BindPacketHack.hsc</code>.

<pre><code>{-# LANGUAGE CPP, ForeignFunctionInterface #-}

module BindPacketHack (bindPacket) where

import Foreign
import Foreign.C.Types
import Foreign.C.String
import Network.Socket
import Network.Socket.Internal (zeroMemory)

#include &lt;sys/socket.h&gt;
#include &lt;netpacket/packet.h&gt;
#include &lt;net/if.h&gt;

data SockAddrLL = SockAddrLL { family :: CShort
 , protocol :: CShort
 , ifindex :: CInt }
 deriving (Eq, Show)

instance Storable SockAddrLL where
 sizeOf _ = (#size struct sockaddr_ll)
 alignment _ = alignment (undefined :: CInt)
 peek _ = error "peek is not implemented, sorry"
 poke ptr sa = do
 zeroMemory ptr (fromIntegral $ sizeOf sa)
 (#poke struct sockaddr_ll, sll_family) ptr (family sa)
 (#poke struct sockaddr_ll, sll_protocol) ptr (protocol sa)
 (#poke struct sockaddr_ll, sll_ifindex) ptr (ifindex sa)


foreign import ccall unsafe "if_nametoindex"
 c_if_nametoindex :: CString -&gt; IO CInt

ifaceIndex :: String -&gt; IO CInt
ifaceIndex name = withCString name c_if_nametoindex


foreign import ccall unsafe "bind"
 c_bind_ll :: CInt -&gt; Ptr SockAddrLL -&gt; CInt -&gt; IO CInt

bindLL :: Socket -&gt; SockAddrLL -&gt; IO Integer
bindLL s sa = alloca $ \ptr -&gt; do
 poke ptr sa
 ret &lt;- c_bind_ll (fdSocket s) ptr (fromIntegral $ sizeOf sa)
 return $ toInteger ret


bindPacket :: Socket -&gt; ProtocolNumber -&gt; String -&gt; IO ()
bindPacket s proto ifname = do
 ifindex &lt;- ifaceIndex ifname
 bindLL s (sockAddrLL (fromIntegral proto) ifindex)
 return ()
</code></pre>

As you might notice, the <code>SockAddrLL</code> is incomplete and thus my implementation is quite limited. This is because I've needed only those three fields, with the rest being zeroed out. Adding more is trivial, though.

Run <code>hsc2hs BindPacketHack.hsc</code>, it'll parse C header files and a <code>.hs</code> file will appear. Now you can use it like this:

<pre><code>s &lt;- socket AF_PACKET Raw eth_PPPoEDiscovery
setFdOption (Fd $ fdSocket s) CloseOnExec True
setSocketOption s Broadcast 1
bindPacket s eth_PPPoEDiscovery "eth0"
send s rawPPPoEPacket -- don't forget Ethernet header
</code></pre>

There is a raw socket type provided in Network.Socket, but near binding sockets there is a comment "Currently only Unix domain sockets and the Internet families are supported". How can I use raw sockets in haskell?

What I am trying to achieve, as working Python code:

<pre><code>import binascii
import socket

# Create raw socket.
ethType = b'FFFF' # 2 bytes, has to be &gt;= 0x0600. FFFF is "unavailable" by IEEE.
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_PACKET, socket.SOCK_RAW)
sock.bind( ('lo', int(ethType,16)) )

# Create packet.
srcMac = b'000000000000' # 6 bytes
destMac = b'000000000000' # 6 bytes
header = binascii.a2b_hex( destMac + srcMac + ethType ) # 14 bytes
message = b'Hello, World!'
sock.send(header + message)

# Receive such packets
while True: print (sock.recv(65535))
</code></pre>

EDIT1:
In Haskell, I use <code>sock &lt;- socket AF_PACKET Raw 0xFFFF</code> to create a socket, but <code>bindSocket</code> requires a <code>SockAddr</code> as an argument, for which available constructors are

<pre><code>SockAddrInet PortNumber HostAddress 
SockAddrInet6 PortNumber FlowInfo HostAddress6 ScopeID 
SockAddrUnix String
</code></pre>

but none of these seems right.

EDIT2:
Thanks to a comment by Yuras I got receiving packets to work:

<pre><code>import Network.Socket
sock &lt;- socket AF_PACKET Raw 0xFFFF
recv sock 0xFFFF
</code></pre>

EDIT3:
Trying to send a packet from a socket without binding it results in an exception:

<pre><code>sock &lt;- socket AF_PACKET Raw 0xFFFF
send sock "\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\255\255"
*** Exception: send: does not exist (No such device or address)
</code></pre>

This makes sense, because the kernel would not have any clue on which interface to actually transmit the packet. Is there any way to bind a (raw) socket to an interface in Haskell?

Raw sockets in Haskell

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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在Network.Socket中提供了一种原始套接字类型，但是在绑定套接字附近有一条注释：“目前只支持Unix域套接字和互联网系列”。如何在haskell中使用原始套接字？作为Python代码，我想要实现的是：import binasciiimport socket# Create raw socket.ethType...

问Haskell中的原始套接字
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