blocks|key|1722008|text|您不能在Python程序中执行此操作，因为如果您使用了shebang行，shell将决定使用哪个版本。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1722009|如果您没有使用带有边框行的shell，而只是输入Python，那么它将使用默认版本，除非您在输入pythonXXX+myprogram.py时特别决定了要使用哪个版本。|offset|length|style|CODE|1722010|一旦您的Python程序开始运行，您就已经决定了使用哪个Python可执行文件来使程序运行。|1722011|virtualenv是用来隔离python版本和环境的，它的存在是为了消除冲突。|1722012|entityMap^0|0|1C|M|0|0|0|A|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|O|8|@$D|P|E|Q|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|S|8|@$D|T|E|U|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|M|$]]

You can't do this within the Python program, because the shell decides which version to use if you a shebang line. 

If you aren't using a shell with a shebang line and just type <code>python myprogram.py</code> it uses the default version unless you decide specifically which Python version when you type <code>pythonXXX myprogram.py</code> which version to use.

Once your Python program is running you have already decided which Python executable to use to get the program running.

<code>virtualenv</code> is for segregating python versions and environments, it specifically exists to eliminate conflicts.

blocks|key|3062687|text|我会使用shebang|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3062688|然后将Python文件作为脚本运行，例如，从命令行运行./main.py，而不是python+main.py。|style|CODE|3062689|当您想要从Linux命令行运行Python时，这是相同的。|3062690|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix%2529)%2520%2560#!/usr/bin/python%2560%2520(first%2520line%2520of%2520code)%2520with%2520the%2520serial%2520number%2520of%2520Python%2520at%2520the%2520end%2520;^0|4|7|0|0|R|9|14|E|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@$A|S|B|T|1|U]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|V|8|@$A|W|B|X|F|G]|$A|Y|B|Z|F|G]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|C|$P|Q]]]]

I would use the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix)" rel="noreferrer">shebang</a> <code>#!/usr/bin/python</code> (first line of code) with the serial number of Python at the end ;)

Then run the Python file as a script, e.g., <code>./main.py</code> from the command line, rather than <code>python main.py</code>.

It is the same when you want to run Python from a Linux command line.

blocks|key|1338538|text|您可以在脚本的顶部添加shebang行：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1338539|#!/usr/bin/env+python2.7|code-block|syntax|javascript|1338540|但这只会在以./my_program.py身份执行时起作用。|offset|length|style|CODE|1338541|如果您以python+my_program.py身份执行，则将使用which+python返回的任何Python版本。|1338542|在re:+to+virtualenv中，使用：virtualenv+-p+/usr/bin/python3.2或其他设置来使用Python可执行文件。|1338543|entityMap^0|0|0|6|F|0|4|K|X|C|0|N|W|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@$I|V|J|W|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|X|8|@$I|Y|J|Z|K|L]|$I|10|J|11|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|12|8|@$I|13|J|14|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

You can add a shebang line the to the top of the script:

<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>#!/usr/bin/env python2.7
</code></pre>

But that will only work when executing as <code>./my_program.py</code>.

If you execute as <code>python my_program.py</code>, then the whatever Python version that <code>which python</code> returns will be used.

In re: to virtualenv use: <code>virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3.2</code> or whatever to set it up to use that Python executable.

blocks|key|2974466|text|虽然OP可能在_nix平台上工作，但这个答案可以帮助非nix平台。我还没有体验过shebang方法在Microsoft+Windows中的工作。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2974467|换句话:+shebang这行回答了你的“在我的脚本中使用”的问题，但我相信这只适用于类Unix平台。尽管实际上是Unix+shell在脚本之外解释shebang行，以确定要调用哪个版本的Python解释器。我不确定，但我相信该解决方案不能解决Microsoft+Windows平台用户的问题。|offset|length|style|BOLD|2974468|在Microsoft+Windows环境中，无需为安装的每个特定Python版本专门设置环境变量即可简化运行特定Python版本的方法，只需在python.exe前加上要运行它的路径即可，例如C:\Python25\python.exe+mymodule.py或D:\Python27\python.exe+mymodule.py|2974469|但是，您需要考虑PYTHONPATH和其他PYTHON...可能指向错误版本的Python库的环境变量。|2974470|例如，您可以运行：C:\Python2.5.2\python.exe+mymodule|2974471|但是，环境变量可能会指向错误的版本：|2974472|PYTHONPATH+=+D:\Python27|2974473|PYTHONLIB+=+D:\Python27\lib|2974474|充满了可怕的乐趣！|2974475|因此，在Windows中，一种非虚拟环境的方法是使用一个批处理文件来设置环境，并通过在python.exe前面加上它所在的路径来调用特定的Python可执行文件。这种方法有一些额外的细节，您必须对其进行管理；例如，如果希望控制台在应用程序退出后继续存在，则可以使用"start“或"cmd.exe”命令的命令行参数来“保存并替换”控制台环境。|2974476|您的问题使我相信您有几个Python模块，每个模块都需要一个特定版本的Python。这可能可以通过让一个使用子流程模块的启动模块在脚本中得到解决。您将调用一个调用您的模块的模块；可能是launch_mymodule.py，而不是调用mymodule.py|2974477|launch_mymodule.py|2974478|import+sys
import+subprocess
if+sys.argv[2]+==+'272':
++env272+=+{
++++'PYTHONPATH':+'blabla',
++++'PYTHONLIB':+'blabla',+}
++launch272+=+subprocess.Popen('D:\\Python272\\python.exe+mymodule.py',+env=env272)

if+sys.argv[1]+==+'252'
++env252+=+{
++++'PYTHONPATH':+'blabla',
++++'PYTHONLIB':+'blabla',+}
++launch252+=+subprocess.Popen('C:\\Python252\\python.exe+mymodule.py',+env=env252)|code-block|syntax|javascript|2974479|我还没有测试过这个。|2974480|entityMap^0|0|S|3A|0|0|4L|0|0|1G|0|0|17|0|0|I|0|0|O|0|0|R|0|0|9|0|0|4R|0|0|3J|0|0|I|0|0|0|A|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|1B|8|@$D|1C|E|1D|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1E|8|@$D|1F|E|1G|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1H|8|@$D|1I|E|1J|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1K|8|@$D|1L|E|1M|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|1N|8|@$D|1O|E|1P|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1Q|8|@$D|1R|E|1S|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1T|8|@$D|1U|E|1V|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|1W|8|@$D|1X|E|1Y|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|W|5|6|7|1Z|8|@$D|20|E|21|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|X|3|Y|5|6|7|22|8|@$D|23|E|24|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Z|3|10|5|6|7|25|8|@$D|26|E|27|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|12|5|13|7|28|8|@]|9|@]|A|$14|15]]|$1|16|3|17|5|6|7|29|8|@$D|2A|E|2B|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|18|3|-4|5|6|7|2C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|19|$]]

While the OP may be working on a nix platform this answer could help non-nix platforms. I have not experienced the shebang approach work in Microsoft Windows.
Rephrased: The shebang line answers your question of &quot;within my script&quot; but I believe only for Unix-like platforms. Even though it is the Unix shell, outside the script, that actually interprets the shebang line to determine which version of Python interpreter to call. I am not sure, but I believe that solution does not solve the problem for Microsoft Windows platform users.
In the Microsoft Windows world, the simplify the way to run a specific Python version, without environment variables setup specifically for each specific version of Python installed, is just by prefixing the python.exe with the path you want to run it from, such as C:\Python25\python.exe mymodule.py or D:\Python27\python.exe mymodule.py
However you'd need to consider the PYTHONPATH and other PYTHON... environment variables that would point to the wrong version of Python libraries.
For example, you might run: C:\Python2.5.2\python.exe mymodule
Yet, the environment variables may point to the wrong version as such:
PYTHONPATH = D:\Python27
PYTHONLIB = D:\Python27\lib
Loads of horrible fun!
So a non-virtualenv way, in Windows, would be to use a batch file that sets up the environment and calls a specific Python executable via prefixing the python.exe with the path it resides in. This way has additional details you'll have to manage though; such as using command line arguments for either of the &quot;start&quot; or &quot;cmd.exe&quot; command to &quot;save and replace the &quot;console&quot; environment&quot; if you want the console to stick around after the application exits.
Your question leads me to believe you have several Python modules, each expecting a certain version of Python. This might be solvable &quot;within&quot; the script by having a launching module which uses the subprocess module. Instead of calling mymodule.py you would call a module that calls your module; perhaps launch_mymodule.py
<h3>launch_mymodule.py</h3>
<pre><code>import sys
import subprocess
if sys.argv[2] == '272':
 env272 = {
 'PYTHONPATH': 'blabla',
 'PYTHONLIB': 'blabla', }
 launch272 = subprocess.Popen('D:\\Python272\\python.exe mymodule.py', env=env272)

if sys.argv[1] == '252'
 env252 = {
 'PYTHONPATH': 'blabla',
 'PYTHONLIB': 'blabla', }
 launch252 = subprocess.Popen('C:\\Python252\\python.exe mymodule.py', env=env252)
</code></pre>
I have not tested this.

blocks|key|1721969|text|也许不完全是您所要求的，但我发现在我的程序开始时放这段代码是有用的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1721970|import+sys

if+sys.version_info[0]+<+3:
++++raise+Exception("Python+3+or+a+more+recent+version+is+required.")|code-block|syntax|javascript|1721971|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Perhaps not exactly what you asked, but I find this to be useful to put at the start of my programs:

<pre><code>import sys

if sys.version_info[0] &lt; 3:
 raise Exception("Python 3 or a more recent version is required.")
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1721978|text|在Windows上使用不同版本的Python时，|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1721979|我正在使用这种方法在不同版本之间切换。|1721980|我认为这比摆弄shebangs和virtualenvs要好。|1721981|1)安装您想要的python版本|1721982|2)转到环境变量>路径|1721983|(我假设已经在Env.Vars.>PATH中添加了python版本的路径)|1721984|3)禁止您不想使用的所有python版本的路径|1721985|(不要删除路径，只需添加后缀，如"_sup")|1721986|4)终端调用python|1721987|(因此Windows将跳过您更改的错误路径，并将在您未禁用的路径中找到python.exe，并在打开后使用此版本)|1721988|5)玩后缀切换版本|1721989|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|W|$]]

While working with different versions of Python on Windows,

I am using this method to switch between versions.

I think it is better than messing with shebangs and virtualenvs

1) install python versions you desire 

2) go to Environment Variables > PATH

(i assume that paths of python versions are already added to Env.Vars.>PATH)

3) suppress the paths of all python versions you dont want to use

(dont delete the paths, just add a suffix like "_sup")

4) call python from terminal 

(so Windows will skip the wrong paths you changed, 
and will find the python.exe at the path you did not suppressed,
and will use this version after on)

5) switch between versions by playing with suffixes

blocks|key|1722011|text|我遇到了这个问题，并决定将其中一个程序从python.exe重命名为python2.7.exe。现在，我可以在命令提示符上指定哪个程序可以轻松运行，而无需引入任何脚本或更改环境路径。所以我有两个程序:+python2.7和python+(后者是v.3.8，也称为默认版本)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1722012|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

I had this problem and just decided to rename one of the programs from python.exe to python2.7.exe. Now I can specify on command prompt which program to run easily without introducing any scripts or changing environmental paths. 
So i have two programs: python2.7 and python (the latter which is v.3.8 aka default).

blocks|key|3062967|text|对于那些使用pyenv来控制他们的虚拟环境的人，我发现这在一个脚本中是有效的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3062968|#!/home/<user>/.pyenv/versions/<virt_name>/bin/python

DO_STUFF|code-block|syntax|javascript|3062969|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

For those using pyenv to control their virtual environments, I have found this to work in a script:
<pre><code>#!/home/&lt;user&gt;/.pyenv/versions/&lt;virt_name&gt;/bin/python

DO_STUFF
</code></pre>

How do I, in the main.py module (presumably), tell Python which interpreter to use? What I mean is: if I want a particular script to use version 3 of Python to interpret the entire program, how do I do that?

Bonus: How would this affect a virtualenv? Am I right in thinking that if I create a virtualenv for my program and then tell it to use a different version of Python, then I may encounter some conflicts?

How do I tell a Python script to use a particular version

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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如何在main.py模块中(假设)告诉Python使用哪个解释器？我的意思是:如果我想要一个特定的脚本使用Python的版本3来解释整个程序，我该怎么做呢？奖励:这会对虚拟环境产生怎样的影响？如果我为我的程序创建一个virtualenv，然后告诉它使用不同版本的Python，那么我可能会遇到一些冲突，这是正确的吗？

问如何告知Python脚本使用特定版本
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