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社区首页 >问答首页 >DATENAME导致'Distinct‘被忽略

DATENAME导致'Distinct‘被忽略
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Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2017-04-08 07:06:59
回答 2查看 68关注 0票数 0

将DATENAME()函数添加到查询会导致重复行,尽管存在'distinct‘。

代码语言:javascript
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TREE - TreeId, CityId, DatePlanted
WATER - WaterId, TreeId(fk), DateWatered

Table1与表2是一对多

树表中的每一行都表示种植了一棵树。“地下水位”就是给树浇水的一个例子。一棵树一年浇水很多次。你明白了吧。

我需要返回一份报告,显示种植的树木数量,按月和次数,它被浇水。

代码语言:javascript
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SELECT t.CityId
        , COUNT(distinct t.TreeId) as 'Trees Planted'
        , COUNT(w.TreeId) as 'Trees Watered'        
FROM TREE t
JOIN WATER w ON t.TreeId = w.TreeId
WHERE w.DateWatered between @Start AND @End
GROUP BY t.CityId

这可以很好地工作。但是,当我尝试按月分组时,t.Treeid不再清晰,因此树的数量太高。

代码语言:javascript
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SELECT t.CityId
    , DATENAME(month, w.DateWatered)
        , COUNT(distinct t.TreeId) as 'Trees Planted'
        , COUNT(w.TreeId) as 'Trees Watered'        
FROM TREE t
JOIN WATER w ON t.TreeId = w.TreeId
WHERE w.DateWatered between @Start AND @End
GROUP BY t.CityId, DATENAME(month, w.DateWatered)

编辑:我已经找到了为什么我得到了重复,但不知道如何修复它。如果一棵树在2016年4月浇水,然后在2016年5月浇水,我得到的计数是种植了2棵树,浇水了2棵树,而这本应是一棵树种植和2次浇水。如果我执行第一次查询,但没有返回日期,则会得到正确的数字。因此,通过添加日期,即使我按年分组,然后按月分组,用同一棵树的两次浇水,它也显示了种植了两次的树。我目前正在研究CTE的使用,可能是为了将查询的每个部分分开。

EN

回答 2

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2017-04-08 08:02:58

代码语言:javascript
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   SELECT t.CityId
       , ISNULL(DATENAME(month, w.DateWatered), DATENAME(month, t.DatePlanted))
       , (SELECT COUNT(tDistinct.TreeId) FROM TREE tDistinct 
        WHERE tDistinct.TreeId = t.TreeId AND DATENAME(month, tDistinct.DatePlanted) = DATENAME(month, t.DateWatered) AND t.DatePlanted between @Start AND @End) as 'Trees Planted'
      , COUNT(w.TreeId) as 'Trees Watered'        
     FROM TREE t
     JOIN WATER w ON t.TreeId = w.TreeId
    WHERE w.DateWatered between @Start AND @End
    GROUP BY t.CityId, DATENAME(month, w.DateWatered), DATENAME(month, t.DatePlanted)

这里唯一的缺点是,在种植了一棵树的一个月内没有浇水的情况下,日期将为空,因此我为that...not添加了检查确保您的数据看起来是什么样子,因此忽略ISNULL检查而支持您的原始分组可能是有意义的

编辑:根据您的要求,我不认为CTE是必要的;根据您提供的附加信息,我稍微修改了查询以满足您的需求:

代码语言:javascript
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   `SELECT DATENAME(MONTH, myConsolidatedTree.DateAction) as myDate
          ,(SELECT COUNT(*) 
               FROM TREE AS t
          WHERE 
            DATENAME(MONTH, myConsolidatedTree.DateAction) = DATENAME(MONTH, t.DatePlanted)
           ) as myNumberOfPlanted
           ,(SELECT COUNT(*) 
               FROM WATER AS w 
            WHERE 
                DATENAME(MONTH, myConsolidatedTree.DateAction) = DATENAME(MONTH, w.DateWatered)
                    ) as myNumberOfWatered

        FROM(
            SELECT t.DatePlanted as DateAction
                   ,t.TreeId as IdAction
                   ,'PLANTED' as TreeAction
                FROM TREE t

            UNION

            SELECT w.DateWatered as DateAction
                   ,w.TreeId as IdAction
                   ,'WATERED' as TreeAction
                FROM WATER w) as myConsolidatedTree
    WHERE myConsolidatedTree.DateAction between @StartDate and @EndDate
    GROUP BY DATENAME(MONTH, myConsolidatedTree.DateAction), DATEPART(MONTH, myConsolidatedTree.DateAction)
    ORDER BY DATEPART(MONTH, myConsolidatedTree.DateAction)`

虽然统一的子查询包含的信息比这个问题所需的信息多,但我将附加的TreeId和派生的TreeAction列留在那里,以防将来您可能会遇到这样的需要。

票数 1
EN

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2017-04-11 11:49:29

这演示了如何在公用表表达式(CTE)中将问题分解为多个步骤。请注意,您可以将最终的select替换为注释的select之一,以查看中间结果。这是一种测试、调试或了解正在发生的事情的便捷方法。

你面临的问题之一是试图仅根据浇水日期来总结数据。如果一棵树在一个月内没有浇水,那么它就不会被计算在内。下面的代码分别总结了日期范围内的种植和浇水,然后将它们合并为一个结果集。

代码语言:javascript
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-- Sample data.
declare @Trees as Table ( TreeId Int Identity, CityId Int, DatePlanted Date );
declare @Waterings as Table ( WateringId Int Identity, TreeId Int, DateWatered Date );
insert into @Trees ( CityId, DatePlanted ) values
  ( 1, '20160115' ), ( 1, '20160118' ),
  ( 1, '20160308' ), ( 1, '20160318' ), ( 1, '20160118' ),
  ( 1, '20170105' ),
  ( 1, '20170205' ),
  ( 1, '20170401' ),
  ( 2, '20160113' ), ( 2, '20160130' ),
  ( 2, '20170226' ), ( 2, '20170227' ), ( 2, '20170228' );
insert into @Waterings ( TreeId, DateWatered ) values
  ( 1, '20160122' ), ( 1, '20160129' ), ( 1, '20160210' ), ( 1, '20160601' ),
  ( 5, '20160120' ), ( 5, '20160127' ), ( 5, '20160215' ), ( 5, '20160301' ), ( 5, '20160515' );
select * from @Trees;
select * from @Waterings;

-- Combine the data.
declare @StartDate as Date = '20100101', @EndDate as Date = '20200101';
with
  -- Each tree with the year and month it was planted.
  TreesPlanted as (
    select CityId, TreeId,
      DatePart( year, DatePlanted ) as YearPlanted,
      DatePart( month, DatePlanted ) as MonthPlanted
      from @Trees
      where @StartDate <= DatePlanted and DatePlanted <= @EndDate ),
  -- Tree plantings summarized by city, year and month.
  TreesPlantedSummary as (
    select CityId, YearPlanted, MonthPlanted, Count( TreeId ) as Trees
      from TreesPlanted
      group by CityId, YearPlanted, MonthPlanted ),
  -- Each watering and the year and month it occurred.
  TreesWatered as (
    select CityId, W.TreeId,
      DatePart( year, W.DateWatered ) as YearWatered,
      DatePart( month, W.DateWatered ) as MonthWatered
      from @Trees as T left outer join
        @Waterings as W on W.TreeId = T.TreeId
      where @StartDate <= W.DateWatered and W.DateWatered <= @EndDate ),
  -- Waterings summarized by city, year and month.
  TreesWateredSummary as (
    select CityId, YearWatered, MonthWatered,
      Count( distinct TreeId ) as Trees, Count( TreeId ) as Waterings
      from TreesWatered
      group by CityId, YearWatered, MonthWatered )
  -- Combine the plantings and waterings for the specified period.
  select Coalesce( TPS.CityId, TWS.CityId ) as CityId,
    Coalesce( TPS.YearPlanted, TWS.YearWatered ) as Year,
    Coalesce( TPS.MonthPlanted, TWS.MonthWatered ) as Month,
    Coalesce( TPS.Trees, 0 ) as TreesPlanted,
    Coalesce( TWS.Trees, 0 ) as TreesWatered,
    Coalesce( TWS.Waterings, 0 ) as Waterings
    from TreesPlantedSummary as TPS full outer join
      TreesWateredSummary as TWS on TWS.CityId = TPS.CityId and
      TWS.YearWatered = TPS.YearPlanted and TWS.MonthWatered = TPS.MonthPlanted
     order by CityId, Year, Month;
-- Alternative queries for testing/debugging/understanding:
--    select * from TreesPlantedSummary order by CityId, YearPlanted, MonthPlanted;
--    select * from TreesWateredSummary order by CityId, YearWatered, MonthWatered;

现在,您希望在结果中包含缺少的月份(没有活动),嗯?

票数 1
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页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43288299

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