由于pycairo 1.20，无法导入matplotlib
由于pycairo 1.20，无法导入matplotlib
提问于 2020-10-26 20:52:28
我在导入python3脚本的matplotlibrary时遇到了问题。
我的系统:PythonLinux7(核心)内核3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64Python3.6.8
最小重现：
设置：
python3 -m venv tester
source tester/bin/activate
pip install matplotlib
pip list提供：
Package Version
--------------- ---------
certifi 2020.6.20
cycler 0.10.0
kiwisolver 1.2.0
matplotlib 3.3.2
numpy 1.19.2
Pillow 8.0.1
pip 18.1
pyparsing 2.4.7
python-dateutil 2.8.1
setuptools 40.6.2
six 1.15.0现在到实际的复制：
python3
>>>from matplotlib import pyplot as plt提供：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/gpfs/apps/shared/mpo/tester/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py", line 15, in <module>
import cairo
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'cairo'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/gpfs/apps/shared/mpo/tester/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py", line 21, in <module>
import cairocffi as cairo
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'cairocffi'
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/gpfs/apps/shared/mpo/tester/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 2336, in <module>
switch_backend(rcParams["backend"])
File "/gpfs/apps/shared/mpo/tester/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 276, in switch_backend
class backend_mod(matplotlib.backend_bases._Backend):
File "/gpfs/apps/shared/mpo/tester/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 277, in backend_mod
locals().update(vars(importlib.import_module(backend_name)))
File "/apps/shared/taifun/x86_64/apps/DATAPROCESSING/python/3.6.8/system/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "/gpfs/apps/shared/mpo/tester/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py", line 25, in <module>
"is installed") from err
ImportError: cairo backend requires that pycairo>=1.11.0 or cairocffiis installed好的，我们安装pycairo：
pip install pycairo提供：
Collecting pycairo
Downloading <internal-package-server>/5a10cb7f9ae0d/pycairo-1.20.0.tar.gz (344kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 348kB 3.7MB/s
Installing build dependencies ... done
Installing collected packages: pycairo
Running setup.py install for pycairo ... done
Successfully installed pycairo-1.20.0让我们检查一下：
pip list看起来没问题：
Package Version
--------------- ---------
...
pycairo 1.20.0
...新尝试：
python3
>>>from matplotlib import pyplot as plt不，同样的错误：
...
ImportError: cairo backend requires that pycairo>=1.11.0 or cairocffiis installed现在，将版本调整为1.11版本：
pip uninstall pycairo
pip install pycairo==1.11
python3
>>> from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
>>>万岁！
但是为什么-> 1.20不能在这里工作呢? 1.11 pycairo 1.20不应该是一个破坏性的变化，其他人应该更早地通知这个问题。我可能遗漏了什么？或者我应该在matplotlib上打开一个工单，这样他们就可以适应他们请求了。名单？
提前谢谢。
回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2020-10-27 21:37:54
好了，我设法解决了这个问题。有几个步骤是必要的：
从pycairo切换到cairocffi (作为导出suggested)
- Update pip和setuptools (通过进入gitlab-cy.yml)，旧版本(40.x)与cairocff的.tar.gz
- 有问题为我公司的内部pypi镜像设置证书路径(导出REQUEST_CA_BUNDLE)
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64537483
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