pytest_postgresql示例引发导入错误心理
pytest_postgresql示例引发导入错误心理
提问于 2022-03-01 05:59:23
我目前正在努力让pytest_postgresql在我的环境中运行。在我开始之前:我可以测试sql代码--它是self的，对吗？不只是你的数据库连接会像这样工作吗？
所以我接受了github自述的样本测试：
def test_example_postgres(postgresql):
"""Check main postgresql fixture."""
cur = postgresql.cursor()
cur.execute("CREATE TABLE test (id serial PRIMARY KEY, num integer, data varchar);")
postgresql.commit()
cur.close()比我试一试：pytest
我得到了：
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR at setup of test_example_postgres _________________________________________________________________________________________________
request = <SubRequest 'postgresql' for <Function test_example_postgres>>
@pytest.fixture
def postgresql_factory(request: FixtureRequest) -> Iterator[connection]:
"""
Fixture factory for PostgreSQL.
:param request: fixture request object
:returns: postgresql client
"""
> check_for_psycopg()
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\client.py:56:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
def check_for_psycopg() -> None:
"""
Function checks whether psycopg was imported.
Raises ImportError if not.
"""
if not psycopg:
> raise ImportError("No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.")
E ImportError: No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\compat.py:35: ImportError
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py::test_example_postgres - ImportError: No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.12s ============================================================================================================所以我试了一下：pip install psycopg
我得到了：
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg) (2021.5)所以我想，如果我导入它，python可能会意识到这个包已经安装了：
import psycopg
def test_example_postgres(postgresql):
"""Check main postgresql fixture."""
cur = postgresql.cursor()
cur.execute("CREATE TABLE test (id serial PRIMARY KEY, num integer, data varchar);")
postgresql.commit()
cur.close()我试过：pytest
我得到了：
========================================================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.4, pytest-7.0.1, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql
plugins: postgresql-4.1.0
collected 0 items / 1 error
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR collecting test_postgresql.py ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
ImportError while importing test module 'C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\test_postgresql.py'.
Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.
Traceback:
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\importlib\__init__.py:127: in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
test_postgresql.py:1: in <module>
import psycopg
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\__init__.py:9: in <module>
from . import pq # noqa: F401 import early to stabilize side effects
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\pq\__init__.py:114: in <module>
import_from_libpq()
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\pq\__init__.py:106: in import_from_libpq
raise ImportError(
E ImportError: no pq wrapper available.
E Attempts made:
E - couldn't import psycopg 'c' implementation: No module named 'psycopg_c'
E - couldn't import psycopg 'binary' implementation: No module named 'psycopg_binary'
E - couldn't import psycopg 'python' implementation: libpq library not found
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.15s ============================================================================================================这是我没有想法的地方，接下来该尝试什么。我试着搜索这个问题，但我空手而归。有人知道我怎么解决这个问题吗？
编辑：
pip uninstall psycopg和pip install psycopg[binary]的建议
我得到了：
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.2094]
(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
(venv) C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql>pip install psycopg
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg) (2021.5)
(venv) C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql>pip install psycopg[binary]
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg[binary] in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg[binary]) (2021.5)
Collecting psycopg-binary==3.0.9
Downloading psycopg_binary-3.0.9-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl (2.9 MB)
---------------------------------------- 2.9/2.9 MB 10.3 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing collected packages: psycopg-binary
Successfully installed psycopg-binary-3.0.9pytest抓到我了
========================================================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.4, pytest-7.0.1, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql
plugins: postgresql-4.1.0
collected 1 item
test_postgresql.py E [100%]
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR at setup of test_example_postgres _________________________________________________________________________________________________
request = <SubRequest 'postgresql' for <Function test_example_postgres>>
@pytest.fixture
def postgresql_factory(request: FixtureRequest) -> Iterator[connection]:
"""
Fixture factory for PostgreSQL.
:param request: fixture request object
:returns: postgresql client
"""
check_for_psycopg()
> proc_fixture: Union[PostgreSQLExecutor, NoopExecutor] = request.getfixturevalue(
process_fixture_name
)
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\client.py:57:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\process.py:104: in postgresql_proc_fixture
pg_bindir = subprocess.check_output(
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:424: in check_output
return run(*popenargs, stdout=PIPE, timeout=timeout, check=True,
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:505: in run
with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:951: in __init__
self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
self = <Popen: returncode: None args: ['pg_config', '--bindir']>, args = 'pg_config --bindir', executable = None, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None, env = None
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x000002A882A007C0>, creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(880), p2cwrite = -1, c2pread = 14, c2pwrite = Handle(748), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(632)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_gid = None, unused_gids = None, unused_uid = None, unused_umask = -1, unused_start_new_session = False
def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
pass_fds, cwd, env,
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite,
unused_restore_signals,
unused_gid, unused_gids, unused_uid,
unused_umask,
unused_start_new_session):
"""Execute program (MS Windows version)"""
assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows."
if isinstance(args, str):
pass
elif isinstance(args, bytes):
if shell:
raise TypeError('bytes args is not allowed on Windows')
args = list2cmdline([args])
elif isinstance(args, os.PathLike):
if shell:
raise TypeError('path-like args is not allowed when '
'shell is true')
args = list2cmdline([args])
else:
args = list2cmdline(args)
if executable is not None:
executable = os.fsdecode(executable)
# Process startup details
if startupinfo is None:
startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
else:
# bpo-34044: Copy STARTUPINFO since it is modified above,
# so the caller can reuse it multiple times.
startupinfo = startupinfo.copy()
use_std_handles = -1 not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite)
if use_std_handles:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES
startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList
have_handle_list = bool(attribute_list and
"handle_list" in attribute_list and
attribute_list["handle_list"])
# If we were given an handle_list or need to create one
if have_handle_list or (use_std_handles and close_fds):
if attribute_list is None:
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList = {}
handle_list = attribute_list["handle_list"] = \
list(attribute_list.get("handle_list", []))
if use_std_handles:
handle_list += [int(p2cread), int(c2pwrite), int(errwrite)]
handle_list[:] = self._filter_handle_list(handle_list)
if handle_list:
if not close_fds:
warnings.warn("startupinfo.lpAttributeList['handle_list'] "
"overriding close_fds", RuntimeWarning)
# When using the handle_list we always request to inherit
# handles but the only handles that will be inherited are
# the ones in the handle_list
close_fds = False
if shell:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
startupinfo.wShowWindow = _winapi.SW_HIDE
comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args)
if cwd is not None:
cwd = os.fsdecode(cwd)
sys.audit("subprocess.Popen", executable, args, cwd, env)
# Start the process
try:
> hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args,
# no special security
None, None,
int(not close_fds),
creationflags,
env,
cwd,
startupinfo)
E FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:1420: FileNotFoundError
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py::test_example_postgres - FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.35s ============================================================================================================最后的德文一行说：“系统找不到指定的文件”。
我很难弄清楚这个问题。在我看来，最像文件名的参数是cwd。只要cwd已经存在，这个参数就会在fsdecode上面创建几行。
这一行是：
self = <Popen: returncode: None args: ['pg_config', '--bindir']>, args = 'pg_config --bindir', executable = None, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None, env = None
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x000002A882A007C0>, creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(880), p2cwrite = -1, c2pread = 14, c2pwrite = Handle(748), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(632)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_gid = None, unused_gids = None, unused_uid = None, unused_umask = -1, unused_start_new_session = False调用_execute_child的参数有哪些？如果是这样的话，cwd将是零，也不可能是问题所在。有什么想法吗？
回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2022-03-01 16:20:50
如果您将最初的安装作为pip install psycopg进行，那么您就得到了纯Python版本。根据安装指令，意味着您还需要安装libpq库。不知道你怎么会在Windows上得到这样的结果。我想说的是，解决办法是：
pip uninstall psycopg
然后
pip install psycopg[binary]
这将使您能够自行安装(所有所需的库)。
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71304312
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