问获取字节流(1s &0)并将它们存储在uint8_t数组中。

EN

#include <cstddef>  // size_t
#include <cstdint>  // uint8_t
#include <climits>  // CHAR_BIT

#include <cassert>  // assert
#include <cstring>  // malloc / free
#include <iostream> // for output only
#include <bitset>   // for output only

// variable sized arrays in structs are only defined in C
extern "C" {
    struct Bitmap {
        using word = uint8_t;
        static constexpr size_t wordsize = sizeof(word) * CHAR_BIT;
        size_t size;
        word map[];
    };
}
using Bitmap = struct Bitmap;

// Cpp Core Guidelines violation:
// don't return ownership as pointer
// don't take array+size separately
Bitmap * alloc_init_bitmap(int allocated[], size_t n) {    
    // calculate bitmap size without risk of overflow
    const size_t bitmap_size = [](size_t n) {
        size_t t = n / Bitmap::wordsize;
        if (t * Bitmap::wordsize < n) ++t;
        return t;
    }(n);

    // allocate Bitmap
    const size_t total_size = offsetof(Bitmap, map) + bitmap_size;
    Bitmap *bitmap = (Bitmap*)malloc(total_size);
    assert(bitmap != nullptr);
    bitmap->size = n;

    // initialize bits
    Bitmap::word t = 0;
    Bitmap::word *pos = bitmap->map;
    Bitmap::word bit = 1;
    while (n-- > 0) {
        // add bit by bit from allocated to t
        t = t | bit * (*allocated++ != 0);
        bit <<= 1;
        if (bit == 0) {
            // all bits in t have been set, store word
            *pos++ = t;
            t = 0;
            bit = 1;
        }
    }
    // store partial word if allocatedMem isn't multiple of words
    if (bitmap->size % Bitmap::wordsize != 0) *pos = t;

    return bitmap;
}

int main() {
    int allocatedMem[26] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 };
    Bitmap *bitmap = alloc_init_bitmap(allocatedMem, sizeof(allocatedMem) / sizeof(allocatedMem[0]));
    std::cout << "Bitmap of size " << bitmap->size << ":\n";
    for (size_t i = 0; i < bitmap->size / Bitmap::wordsize; ++i) {
        std::cout << " " << std::bitset<8>(bitmap->map[i]);
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
    free(bitmap);
}