由于某些原因,我不知道我的项目正在抛出一个
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver异常。在过去的几天里,我一直在寻找解决这个问题的答案。这是我的pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.vaadin.example</groupId>
<artifactId>database-example</artifactId>
<name>Database example</name>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<vaadin.version>14.8.6</vaadin.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<repositories>
<!-- The order of definitions matters. Explicitly defining central here
to make sure it has the highest priority. -->
<!-- Main Maven repository -->
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<!-- Repository used by many Vaadin add-ons -->
<repository>
<id>Vaadin Directory</id>
<url>https://maven.vaadin.com/vaadin-addons</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<!-- Main Maven repository -->
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-bom</artifactId>
<version>${vaadin.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.28</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<!-- Replace artifactId with vaadin-core to use only free components -->
<artifactId>vaadin</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<!-- Webjars are only needed when running in Vaadin 13 compatibility
mode -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.vaadin.webjar</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.insites</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.polymer</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.polymerelements</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.webcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<!-- Excluding so that webjars are not included. -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<defaultGoal>spring-boot:run</defaultGoal>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<!-- Clean build and startup time for Vaadin apps sometimes may exceed
the default Spring Boot's 30sec timeout. -->
<configuration>
<wait>500</wait>
<maxAttempts>240</maxAttempts>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Take care of synchronizing java dependencies and imports in package.json
and main.js files. It also creates webpack.config.js if not exists yet. -->
<plugin>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${vaadin.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>prepare-frontend</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<!-- Production mode is activated using -Pproduction -->
<id>production</id>
<properties>
<vaadin.productionMode>true</vaadin.productionMode>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>flow-server-production-mode</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<jvmArguments>-Dvaadin.productionMode</jvmArguments>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${vaadin.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>build-frontend</goal>
</goals>
<phase>compile</phase>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>以及连接到数据库的类:
package com.availaboard.engine.sql_connection;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import com.availaboard.engine.resource.Resource;
import com.availaboard.engine.resource.Status;
import com.availaboard.utilitys.ConfigPropReader;
public class AvailaboardSQLConnection {
ConfigPropReader config = new ConfigPropReader();
public final String username = config.getPropValues().get(0);
private final String password = config.getPropValues().get(1);
private final String url = config.getPropValues().get(2);
/*
* Load all resources from the database
*/
public ArrayList<Resource> loadResources() {
ArrayList<Resource> arr = new ArrayList<Resource>();
try {
String query = "select ResourceID from resource";
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
final Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(this.url, this.username, this.password);
PreparedStatement st = con.prepareStatement(query);
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery();
if (rs.next()) {
Resource res = createResourceWithID(rs.getInt(1));
arr.add(res);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return arr;
}
public Resource createResourceWithID(int ID) {
System.out.println(ID);
try {
String query = "select name, contact, ResourceID from resource where ResourceID = ?";
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
final Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(this.url, this.username, this.password);
PreparedStatement st = con.prepareStatement(query);
st.setInt(1, ID);
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery();
if (rs.next()) {
Resource res = new Resource();
res.setName(rs.getString(1));
res.setContact(rs.getString(2));
res.setId(rs.getInt(3));
return res;
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}以下是完整的错误消息,以防有帮助:
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.classloader.RestartClassLoader.loadClass(RestartClassLoader.java:144)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:315)
at com.availaboard.engine.sql_connection.AvailaboardSQLConnection.loadResources(AvailaboardSQLConnection.java:27)
at com.availaboard.UI.Availaboard.setUpGrid(Availaboard.java:47)
at com.availaboard.UI.Availaboard.<init>(Availaboard.java:30)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:490)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:200)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1312)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:307)
at com.vaadin.flow.spring.SpringInstantiator.getOrCreate(SpringInstantiator.java:117)
at com.vaadin.flow.di.Instantiator.createRouteTarget(Instantiator.java:165)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.internal.AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.lambda$getRouteTarget$1(AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.java:139)
at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:369)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.internal.AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.getRouteTarget(AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.java:138)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.internal.AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.sendBeforeEnterEventAndPopulateChain(AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.java:528)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.internal.AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.createChainIfEmptyAndExecuteBeforeEnterNavigation(AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.java:508)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.internal.AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.handle(AbstractNavigationStateRenderer.java:225)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.Router.handleNavigation(Router.java:261)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.Router.navigate(Router.java:232)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.Router.navigate(Router.java:198)
at com.vaadin.flow.router.Router.initializeUI(Router.java:95)
at com.vaadin.flow.server.BootstrapHandler.initializeUIWithRouter(BootstrapHandler.java:1625)
at com.vaadin.flow.server.BootstrapHandler.createAndInitUI(BootstrapHandler.java:1618)
at com.vaadin.flow.server.BootstrapHandler.synchronizedHandleRequest(BootstrapHandler.java:508)
at com.vaadin.flow.server.SynchronizedRequestHandler.handleRequest(SynchronizedRequestHandler.java:40)
at com.vaadin.flow.server.VaadinService.handleRequest(VaadinService.java:1578)
at com.vaadin.flow.server.VaadinServlet.service(VaadinServlet.java:252)
at com.vaadin.flow.spring.SpringServlet.service(SpringServlet.java:111)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:712)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:459)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:352)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:312)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ServletForwardingController.handleRequestInternal(ServletForwardingController.java:141)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController.handleRequest(AbstractController.java:177)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter.handle(SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter.java:52)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1040)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:943)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:634)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:202)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:526)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:861)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1579)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
2022-03-25 14:37:13.946 INFO 2112 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.vaadin.flow.router.RouteNotFoundError : Couldn't find route for 'sw.js'我已经经历了无数的选择,我尝试在本地向我的项目中添加一个jar文件,遍历多个不同版本的依赖项,并使用多种不同的方式加载驱动程序。目标是代码连接到我的数据库(托管在本地),并将数据带回并显示在我的网页上。网页运行良好,只是连接到数据库就会产生问题。
更新的POM.XML:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.vaadin.example</groupId>
<artifactId>database-example</artifactId>
<name>Database example</name>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<vaadin.version>14.8.6</vaadin.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<repositories>
<!-- The order of definitions matters. Explicitly defining central here
to make sure it has the highest priority. -->
<!-- Main Maven repository -->
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<!-- Repository used by many Vaadin add-ons -->
<repository>
<id>Vaadin Directory</id>
<url>https://maven.vaadin.com/vaadin-addons</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<!-- Main Maven repository -->
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-bom</artifactId>
<version>${vaadin.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.28</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<!-- Replace artifactId with vaadin-core to use only free components -->
<artifactId>vaadin</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<!-- Webjars are only needed when running in Vaadin 13 compatibility
mode -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.vaadin.webjar</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.insites</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.polymer</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.polymerelements</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.webjars.bowergithub.webcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<!-- Excluding so that webjars are not included. -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<defaultGoal>spring-boot:run</defaultGoal>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<!-- Clean build and startup time for Vaadin apps sometimes may exceed
the default Spring Boot's 30sec timeout. -->
<configuration>
<wait>500</wait>
<maxAttempts>240</maxAttempts>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Take care of synchronizing java dependencies and imports in package.json
and main.js files. It also creates webpack.config.js if not exists yet. -->
<plugin>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${vaadin.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>prepare-frontend</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<!-- Production mode is activated using -Pproduction -->
<id>production</id>
<properties>
<vaadin.productionMode>true</vaadin.productionMode>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>flow-server-production-mode</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<jvmArguments>-Dvaadin.productionMode</jvmArguments>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
<artifactId>vaadin-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${vaadin.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>build-frontend</goal>
</goals>
<phase>compile</phase>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>```
> `Blockquote`发布于 2022-03-25 21:53:41
您在MySQL部分中包含了<dependencyManagement>,它允许您全局指定版本。
这实际上并没有指定依赖项。您仍然需要将其包含在<dependencies>部分中,现在可以省略该版本,除非由于某种原因它与全局值不同。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71623447
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