我是我们公司的Delphi开发人员。我们需要一个函数来启动命令行可执行文件并获得它的返回值。
我编写的代码,以及我在互联网上找到的所有例子,都是通过CreateProcess()
实现的,但我的老板拒绝了这一点,并告诉我必须有一个通过ShellExecute()
解决这个问题的解决方案。我在互联网上找不到用ShellExecute()
做这件事的例子。他们都使用CreateProcess()
。
下面是我给老板的三种方法。他不喜欢ShellExecute_AndGetReturnValue()
。它被命名为"ShellExecute",但它不使用ShellExecute()
。
这三种方法都很好。但第一个问题是不使用ShellExecute()
。相反,它正在使用CreateProcess()
。
那么,是否有可能解决/更改ShellExecute_AndGetReturnValue()
方法,使其使用ShellExecute()
而不是CreateProcess()
?我找到的所有示例都使用CreateProcess()
。
function ShellExecute_AndGetReturnValue(FileName : string; Params : string = ''; Show : Integer = SW_HIDE; WorkingDir : string = '') : string;
const
READ_BUFFER_SIZE = 2048;
var
Security: TSecurityAttributes;
readableEndOfPipe, writeableEndOfPipe, readableErrorEndOfPipe, writeableErrorEndOfPipe: THandle;
start: TStartUpInfo;
ProcessInfo: TProcessInformation;
Buffer: PAnsiChar;
BytesRead: DWORD;
AppRunning: DWORD;
ResultStdOutput : string;
ResultErrOutput : string;
lpDirectory : PAnsiChar;
CmdLine : string;
begin
Result := '';
Security.nLength := SizeOf(TSecurityAttributes);
Security.bInheritHandle := True;
Security.lpSecurityDescriptor := nil;
if CreatePipe(readableEndOfPipe, writeableEndOfPipe, @Security, 0) then
begin
Buffer := AllocMem(READ_BUFFER_SIZE + 1);
FillChar(Start, Sizeof(Start), #0);
FillChar(ProcessInfo, SizeOf(ProcessInfo), #0);
start.cb := SizeOf(start);
start.dwFlags := start.dwFlags or STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
start.hStdInput := GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
start.hStdOutput := writeableEndOfPipe;
CreatePipe(readableErrorEndOfPipe, writeableErrorEndOfPipe, @Security, 0);
start.hStdError := writeableErrorEndOfPipe;
start.hStdError := writeableEndOfPipe;
start.dwFlags := start.dwFlags + STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW;
start.wShowWindow := Show;
UniqueString(FileName);
CmdLine := '"' + FileName + '" ' + Params;
if WorkingDir <> '' then
begin
lpDirectory := PAnsiChar(WorkingDir);
end else
begin
lpDirectory := PAnsiChar(ExtractFilePath(FileName));
end;
if CreateProcess(nil, PChar(CmdLine), nil, nil, True, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, nil, lpDirectory, start, ProcessInfo) then
begin
repeat
Apprunning := WaitForSingleObject(ProcessInfo.hProcess, 100);
Application.ProcessMessages;
until (Apprunning <> WAIT_TIMEOUT);
ResultStdOutput := '';
ResultErrOutput := '';
//Must Close write Handles before reading (if the console application does not output anything)
CloseHandle(writeableEndOfPipe);
CloseHandle(writeableErrorEndOfPipe);
repeat
BytesRead := 0;
ReadFile(readableEndOfPipe, Buffer[0], READ_BUFFER_SIZE, BytesRead, nil);
Buffer[BytesRead]:= #0;
OemToAnsi(Buffer,Buffer);
ResultStdOutput := ResultStdOutput + String(Buffer);
until (BytesRead < READ_BUFFER_SIZE);
if start.hStdOutput <> start.hStdError then
begin
BytesRead := 0;
ReadFile(readableErrorEndOfPipe, Buffer[0], READ_BUFFER_SIZE, BytesRead, nil);
Buffer[BytesRead]:= #0;
OemToAnsi(Buffer,Buffer);
ResultErrOutput := ResultErrOutput + String(Buffer);
end;
end;
Result := ResultStdOutput;
FreeMem(Buffer);
CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hProcess);
CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hThread);
CloseHandle(readableEndOfPipe);
CloseHandle(readableErrorEndOfPipe);
end;
end;
procedure ShellExecute_NoWait(FileName : string; Params : string = ''; Action : string = 'open'; Show : Integer = SW_SHOWNORMAL; WorkingDir : string = '');
var
exInfo: TShellExecuteInfo;
Ph: DWORD;
begin
FillChar(exInfo, SizeOf(exInfo), 0);
with exInfo do
begin
cbSize := SizeOf(exInfo);
fMask := SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS or SEE_MASK_FLAG_DDEWAIT;
Wnd := GetActiveWindow();
lpVerb := PAnsiChar(Action);
lpParameters := PChar(Params);
lpFile := PChar(FileName);
nShow := Show;
if WorkingDir <> '' then
begin
lpDirectory := PAnsiChar(WorkingDir);
end else
begin
lpDirectory := PAnsiChar(ExtractFilePath(FileName));
end;
end;
if ShellExecuteEx(@exInfo) then
begin
Ph := exInfo.HProcess;
CloseHandle(Ph);
end;
end;
procedure ShellExecute_AndWait(FileName : string; Params : string = ''; Action : string = 'open'; Show : Integer = SW_SHOWNORMAL; WorkingDir : string = '');
var
exInfo: TShellExecuteInfo;
Ph: DWORD;
begin
FillChar(exInfo, SizeOf(exInfo), 0);
with exInfo do
begin
cbSize := SizeOf(exInfo);
fMask := SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS or SEE_MASK_FLAG_DDEWAIT;
Wnd := GetActiveWindow();
lpVerb := PAnsiChar(Action);
lpParameters := PChar(Params);
lpFile := PChar(FileName);
nShow := Show;
if WorkingDir <> '' then
begin
lpDirectory := PAnsiChar(WorkingDir);
end else
begin
lpDirectory := PAnsiChar(ExtractFilePath(FileName));
end;
end;
if ShellExecuteEx(@exInfo) then
begin
Ph := exInfo.HProcess;
while WaitForSingleObject(ExInfo.hProcess, 50) <> WAIT_OBJECT_0 do
begin
Application.ProcessMessages;
end;
CloseHandle(Ph);
end;
end;
发布于 2022-06-14 04:42:38
老板的任务不完全正确。问题是,ShellExecute的一般解决方案--不是启动cmd.exe,而是这个命令启动一个链接到这种类型文件并启动它的应用程序。所以,为了让它像你想的那样工作-它需要很多工作。还有一件事--你需要得到你的程序的工作结果还是你程序的控制台输出?以下是从jcl库修改的部分源代码,以返回代码:
function PCharOrNil(const S: string): PChar;
begin
Result := Pointer(S);
end;
// memory initialization
procedure ResetMemory(out P; Size: Longint);
begin
if Size > 0 then
begin
Byte(P) := 0;
FillChar(P, Size, 0);
end;
end;
function ShellExecAndWait(const FileName: string; const Parameters: string;
const Verb: string; CmdShow: Integer; const Directory: string): cardinal;
var
Sei: TShellExecuteInfo;
Res: LongBool;
Msg: tagMSG;
ShellResult : boolean;
begin
ResetMemory(Sei, SizeOf(Sei));
Sei.cbSize := SizeOf(Sei);
Sei.fMask := SEE_MASK_DOENVSUBST or SEE_MASK_FLAG_NO_UI or SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS or
SEE_MASK_FLAG_DDEWAIT or SEE_MASK_NOASYNC;
Sei.lpFile := PChar(FileName);
Sei.lpParameters := PCharOrNil(Parameters);
Sei.lpVerb := PCharOrNil(Verb);
Sei.nShow := CmdShow;
Sei.lpDirectory := PCharOrNil(Directory);
{$TYPEDADDRESS ON}
ShellResult := ShellExecuteEx(@Sei);
{$IFNDEF TYPEDADDRESS_ON}
{$TYPEDADDRESS OFF}
{$ENDIF ~TYPEDADDRESS_ON}
if ShellResult then begin
WaitForInputIdle(Sei.hProcess, INFINITE);
while WaitForSingleObject(Sei.hProcess, 10) = WAIT_TIMEOUT do
repeat
Msg.hwnd := 0;
Res := PeekMessage(Msg, Sei.Wnd, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE);
if Res then
begin
TranslateMessage(Msg);
DispatchMessage(Msg);
end;
until not Res;
if not GetExitCodeProcess(Sei.hProcess, Result) then
raise Exception.Create('GetExitCodeProcess fail');
CloseHandle(Sei.hProcess);
end else begin
raise Exception.Create('ShellExecuteEx fail');
end;
end;
procedure TForm2.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
xResult : cardinal;
begin
xResult := ShellExecAndWait('ping.exe', '', '', 1, ''); //xResult = 1
xResult := ShellExecAndWait('ping.exe', '8.8.8.8', '', 1, ''); //xResult = 0
end;
发布于 2022-06-13 10:23:03
如果需要指定输入/输出管道(以控制被调用进程的stdin和stdout ),则不能使用ShellExecute。它根本不支持指定这些。ShellExecuteEx也是如此。
因此,如果必须使用ShellExecute,唯一的选择是ShellExecute命令处理器(CMD.EXE),并要求它执行输入和输出的重定向。这将限制您的重定向源和目标到磁盘上的物理文件,因为这是CMD.EXE允许重定向的方式(>StdOut
不然的话,您使用CreateProcess的方法就是前进的方向。你的老板给你什么理由让你必须使用ShellExecute?
如果不需要重定向支持,可以使用ShellExecuteEx,然后在成功执行之后,可以在Info.hProcess中获得正在运行的进程的句柄(Info是传递给ShellExecuteEx的TShellExecuteInfo结构)。
然后,可以在GetExitCodeProcess中使用该值来确定进程是否仍在运行,或者它是否已终止(因此,您已经检索了“返回值”,如果我正确理解了这个表达式的用法-它实际上被称为"ExitCode",或者--在批处理文件中称为"ERRORLEVEL")。
不完整代码:
FUNCTION ShellExecuteAndWait(....) : DWORD;
.
.
VAR Info : TShellExecuteInfo;
.
.
Info.fMask:=Info.fMask OR SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
IF NOT ShellExecuteEx(Info) THEN EXIT($FFFF8000);
IF Info.hProcess=0 THEN EXIT($FFFF0000);
REPEAT
IF NOT GetExitCodeProcess(Info.hProcess,Result) THEN EXIT($FFFFFFFF)
UNTIL Result<>STILL_ACTIVE
.
.
上面的代码应该演示如何做到这一点。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72601144
复制相似问题