factory_bot build_stubbed策略
factory_bot支持几种不同的构建策略:构建、创建、attributes_for和build_stubbed
并继续给出一些用法的例子。然而，它并没有清楚地说明每一个结果是什么。我使用create和build已经有一段时间了。从描述中看，attributes_for似乎很简单，我看到了它的一些用途。然而，什么是build_stubbed？描述说
返回一个具有所有已定义属性的对象。
“擦出”是什么意思？这与create或build有何不同？
回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2022-06-18 05:57:27
让我们考虑一下这些工厂的例子的不同之处：
FactoryBot.define do
factory :post do
user
title { 'Post title' }
body { 'Post body' }
end
end
FactoryBot.define do
factory :user do
first_name { 'John' }
last_name { 'Doe' }
end
end构建
使用build方法，一切都很简单。它返回一个未保存的Post实例
# initialization
post = FactoryBot.build(:post)# call
p post
p post.user# output
#<Post:0x00007fd10f824168> {
:id => nil,
:user_id => nil,
:title => "Post title",
:body => "Post body",
:created_at => nil,
:updated_at => nil
}
#<User:0x00007f8792ed9290> {
:id => nil,
:first_name => "Post title",
:last_name => "Post body",
:created_at => nil,
:updated_at => nil
}Post.all # => []
User.all # => []创建
使用create，一切都是显而易见的。它保存并返回一个Post实例。但是它调用所有的验证和回调，并创建User的相关实例。
# initialization
post = FactoryBot.create(:post)# call
p post
p post.user# output
#<Post:0x00007fd10f824168> {
:id => 1,
:user_id => 1,
:title => "Post title",
:body => "Post body",
:created_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00,
:updated_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00
}
#<User:0x00007f8792ed9290> {
:id => 1,
:first_name => "John",
:last_name => "Joe",
:created_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00,
:updated_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00
}在数据库中创建了Post记录和相关用户记录：
Post.all # => [<Post:0x00007fd10f824168> {...}]
# User also created in the database
User.all # => [<User:0x00007f91af405b30> {...}]build_stubbed
build_stubbed模仿创建。它使用id、created_at、updated_at和user_id属性。此外，它跳过所有验证和回调。
存根意味着FactoryBot只是初始化对象并将值赋值给id、created_at和updated_at属性，这样看起来就像创建了的。对于id，它分配整数号1001 (1001只是FactoryBot用来分配给id的缺省数字)，created_at和updated_at分配当前的日期时间。对于使用build_stubbed创建的其他每条记录，都会增加编号，将其分配给id 1。首先，FactoryBot初始化user记录并将1001赋值给id属性，而不是将其保存到数据库中，而是初始化post记录并将1002保存到id属性，并将1001添加到user_id属性以进行关联，但也不将记录保存到数据库中。见下面的例子。
#initialization
post = FactoryBot.build_stubbed(:post)# call
p post
p post.user# output
# It looks like persisted instance
#<Post:0x00007fd10f824168> {
:id => 1002,
:user_id => 1001,
:title => "Post title",
:body => "Post body",
:created_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00,
:updated_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00
}
#<User:0x00007f8792ed9290> {
:id => 1001,
:first_name => "John",
:last_name => "Joe",
:created_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00,
:updated_at => Sat, 18 Jun 2022 05:32:17.122906000 UTC +00:00
}没有在数据库中创建帖子和用户记录！
# it is not persisted in the database
Post.all # => []
# Association was also just stubbed(initialized) and there are no users in the database.
User.all # => []https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72662800
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