我正在尝试读取一个表,并使用Webview2从该表中获取我需要的字段。
我能够获得该网页的源代码,但我很困惑。元素如图片所示显示。但之后他们就被装进去了。所以它们不存在于我试图解析的地址上。
如果CTRL移动C,我可以看到那里的元素。但是如果我查看HTML的源代码,它们就不在那里了。因此,当我试图提取数据时,元素不存在,它返回null。
当我在本地保存网页并检查主DATA.HTML文件时,元素不在该主文件上。它们位于一个名为default.HTML的html文件上,该文件位于与DATA.HTML一起保存的“源”文件夹中。当它保存到我的计算机上时,我可以从嵌套的default.html文件中提取元素,但不能从DATA.HTML文件中提取元素。
我知道当我无法显示我需要得到的HTML的来源时,这是很难回答的。有人能为我指出正确的方向吗?如何在一个活动环境中找到default.html文件,data.html正在读取?
Dim firstNameText As String = Await WebView21.ExecuteScriptAsync("document.getElementById('m.first_name').textContent");
MessageBox.Show( "First name: """ & firstNameText & """." )
发布于 2022-09-25 08:35:13
您在这里有错误的事件处理程序签名:
Private Async Function WebView2_NavigationCompletedAsync(
sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs) _
As Task Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
' ...
End Function
事件处理程序是Sub/void
而不是Function
,不返回任何类型的值。
正确的签名是:
Private Sub WebView2_NavigationCompletedAsync(
sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs) _
Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
' ...
End Sub
对于webView2
部分,创建句柄Async
方法并获取目标td
的内容如下:
Private Async Sub WebView2_NavigationCompletedAsync(
sender As Object,
e As CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs) _
Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
Dim firstName = (Await WebView21.
ExecuteScriptAsync("document.getElementById('m.first_name').textContent;")).
Trim(ChrW(34))
Debug.WriteLine(firstName)
End Sub
您也可以尝试querySelector()
方法:
Private Async Sub WebView2_NavigationCompletedAsync(
sender As Object,
e As CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs) _
Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
Dim firstName = (Await WebView21.
ExecuteScriptAsync("document.querySelector('#m\\.first_name').textContent;")).
Trim(ChrW(34))
Debug.WriteLine(firstName)
End Sub
发布于 2022-09-24 20:37:11
document.getElementById
获取对DOM元素的引用。textContent
或innerText
将该元素(及其所有后代)的文本(而不是HTML)拼接在一起。textContent
从所有子类元素(包括隐藏元素和<script>
元素)获取文本。innerText
过滤隐藏元素和非人类可读的元素。WebView2
中的DOM交互,因此需要在ExecuteScriptAsync
中的JavaScript中完成所有操作。脚本中最后一个表达式的结果将被转换为.NET String
值,并通过您可以await
的Task<String>
返回。就像这样:
Private Async Function WebView2_NavigationCompletedAsync( ... ) As Task
Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
'''''
Dim firstNameText As String = Await WebView21.ExecuteScriptAsync("document.getElementById('m.first_name').textContent");
MessageBox.Show( "First name: """ & firstNameText & """." )
End Function
发布于 2022-09-25 17:33:08
您还没有提供足够的代码来确切地了解问题所在。
访问基础CoreWebView2 COM API的完整功能。返回null,直到初始化完成为止。有关初始化概述,请参阅WebView2类文档。
还不清楚您是如何初始化CoreWebView2的。问题可能在于您的CoreWebView2初始化和执行顺序。您可以使用Debug.WriteLine来确认这一点。若要帮助调试此问题,请订阅以下事件:
WebView2 events
CoreWebView2 events
下面展示了如何为显式初始化和隐式初始化设置UserDataFolder。
创建Windows (.NET框架)
下载/安装NuGet包:Microsoft.Web.WebView2
(v1.0.1293.44)
Note:WebView2 version 1.0.1343.22
似乎存在一个导致空引用异常的错误。在CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted
事件处理程序中放置以下代码可以看出这一点:
Private Sub WebView21_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2InitializationCompletedEventArgs) Handles WebView21.CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted
Dim wv As WebView2 = DirectCast(sender, WebView2)
Debug.WriteLine($"UserDataFolder: {wv.CoreWebView2.Environment.UserDataFolder}")
Debug.WriteLine($"Edge Browser version: {wv.CoreWebView2.Environment.BrowserVersionString}")
End Sub
但是,使用CoreWebView2Environment进行显式初始化(如下图所示)似乎在WebView2版本1.0.1343.22
中有效。
在表单上,我使用了TableLayoutPanel、TextBox (名称: textBoxAddressBar)、Button (名称: btnBack、btnForward、btnGo)和WebView2 (名称: WebView21)控件。
下面是表单的样子:
在下面的代码中,每个选项都包含一些通用代码。为了避免混淆,我在代码中包含了完整的代码(针对每个选项),并添加了解释(作为注释)。下面的每一种选择都经过了测试。
选项1 -显式初始化(CoreWebView2Environment)
Imports System.IO
Imports Microsoft.Web.WebView2.Core
Imports Microsoft.Web.WebView2.WinForms
Public Class Form1
Private Async Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
LogMsg($"WebView2 version: {GetWebView2Version()}")
'explicitly initialize CoreWebView2
Await InitializeCoreWebView2Async(WebView21)
'since we've used explicit initialization, which is Awaited,
'if desired, one can subscribe to CoreWebView2 events here
'instead of within CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted
'subscribe to events
'AddHandler WebView21.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded, AddressOf CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded
'AddHandler WebView21.CoreWebView2.HistoryChanged, AddressOf CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged
LogMsg($"before setting source")
'ToDo: update with desired URL
'after setting Source property execution continues immediately
WebView21.Source = New Uri("http://127.0.0.1:9009/index.html")
LogMsg($"after setting source")
End Sub
Public Function GetWebView2Version() As String
Dim webView2Assembly As System.Reflection.Assembly = GetType(WebView2).Assembly
Return FileVersionInfo.GetVersionInfo(webView2Assembly.Location).ProductVersion
End Function
Public Async Function InitializeCoreWebView2Async(wv As WebView2, Optional userDataFolder As String = Nothing) As Task
Dim options As CoreWebView2EnvironmentOptions = Nothing
Dim webView2Environment As CoreWebView2Environment = Nothing
If String.IsNullOrEmpty(userDataFolder) Then
'create unique name for web cache folder in temp folder
'userDataFolder = System.IO.Path.Combine(System.IO.Path.GetTempPath(), System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N"))
userDataFolder = System.IO.Path.Combine(System.IO.Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location))
End If
'webView2Environment = await CoreWebView2Environment.CreateAsync(@"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\105.0.1343.50", userDataFolder, options);
webView2Environment = Await CoreWebView2Environment.CreateAsync(Nothing, userDataFolder, options)
LogMsg("before EnsureCoreWebView2Async")
'wait for CoreWebView2 initialization
Await wv.EnsureCoreWebView2Async(webView2Environment)
LogMsg("after EnsureCoreWebView2Aync")
LogMsg("UserDataFolder folder set to: " & userDataFolder)
End Function
Private Sub LogMsg(ByVal msg As String)
msg = String.Format("{0} {1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss:fff"), msg)
Debug.WriteLine(msg)
End Sub
Public Sub WebsiteNavigate(ByVal wv As WebView2, ByVal dest As String)
If Not wv Is Nothing AndAlso Not wv.CoreWebView2 Is Nothing Then
If Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(dest) Then
If Not dest = "about:blank" AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("edge://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("file://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("http://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("https://") AndAlso
Not System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(dest, "^([A-Z]|[a-z]):") Then
'URL must start with one of the specified strings
'if Not, pre-pend with "http://"
'Debug.Print("Prepending ""http://"" to URL.")
'set value
dest = "http://" & dest
End If
'option 1
wv.Source = New Uri(dest, UriKind.Absolute)
'option 2
'wv.CoreWebView2.Navigate(dest)
End If
End If
End Sub
Private Sub textBoxAddressBar_KeyDown(sender As Object, e As KeyEventArgs) Handles textBoxAddressBar.KeyDown
If e.KeyCode = Keys.Enter AndAlso WebView21 IsNot Nothing Then
WebsiteNavigate(WebView21, textBoxAddressBar.Text)
End If
End Sub
Private Sub btnGo_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnGo.Click
WebsiteNavigate(WebView21, textBoxAddressBar.Text)
End Sub
Private Async Sub CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs)
LogMsg($"CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded")
Dim cwv2 As CoreWebView2 = DirectCast(sender, CoreWebView2)
Try
Dim result As String = Await cwv2.ExecuteScriptAsync("document.getElementById('m.first_name').textContent")
Debug.WriteLine($"result: {result}")
Catch ex As AggregateException
'ToDo: change code as desired
LogMsg($"Error: {ex.Message}")
If ex.InnerExceptions IsNot Nothing Then
For Each ex2 As Exception In ex.InnerExceptions
LogMsg($"{ex2.Message}")
Next
End If
LogMsg($"StackTrace: {ex.StackTrace}")
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged(sender As Object, e As Object)
Dim cwv2 As CoreWebView2 = DirectCast(sender, CoreWebView2)
btnBack.Enabled = WebView21.CoreWebView2.CanGoBack
btnForward.Enabled = WebView21.CoreWebView2.CanGoForward
'update address bar
textBoxAddressBar.Text = cwv2.Source
textBoxAddressBar.Select(textBoxAddressBar.Text.Length, 0)
End Sub
Private Sub WebView21_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2InitializationCompletedEventArgs) Handles WebView21.CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted
Dim wv As WebView2 = DirectCast(sender, WebView2)
LogMsg($"WebView21_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted")
LogMsg($"UserDataFolder: {WebView21.CoreWebView2.Environment.UserDataFolder}")
LogMsg($"Edge Browser version: {WebView21.CoreWebView2.Environment.BrowserVersionString}")
'subscribe to events
AddHandler wv.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded, AddressOf CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded
AddHandler wv.CoreWebView2.HistoryChanged, AddressOf CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged
End Sub
Private Sub WebView21_NavigationCompleted(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs) Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
LogMsg($"WebView21_NavigationCompleted")
End Sub
End Class
选项2 -显式初始化(CreationProperties)
Imports System.IO
Imports Microsoft.Web.WebView2.Core
Imports Microsoft.Web.WebView2.WinForms
Public Class Form1
Private Async Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
LogMsg($"WebView2 version: {GetWebView2Version()}")
'set UserDataFolder
Dim userDataFolder As String = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location))
WebView21.CreationProperties = New CoreWebView2CreationProperties() With {.UserDataFolder = userDataFolder}
'explicitly initialize CoreWebView2
Await WebView21.EnsureCoreWebView2Async()
'since we've used explicit initialization, which is Awaited,
'if desired, one can subscribe to CoreWebView2 events here
'instead of within CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted
'subscribe to events
'AddHandler WebView21.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded, AddressOf CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded
'AddHandler WebView21.CoreWebView2.HistoryChanged, AddressOf CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged
LogMsg($"before setting source")
'ToDo: update with desired URL
'after setting Source property execution continues immediately
WebView21.Source = New Uri("http://127.0.0.1:9009/index.html")
LogMsg($"after setting source")
End Sub
Public Function GetWebView2Version() As String
Dim webView2Assembly As System.Reflection.Assembly = GetType(WebView2).Assembly
Return FileVersionInfo.GetVersionInfo(webView2Assembly.Location).ProductVersion
End Function
Private Sub LogMsg(ByVal msg As String)
msg = String.Format("{0} {1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss:fff"), msg)
Debug.WriteLine(msg)
End Sub
Public Sub WebsiteNavigate(ByVal wv As WebView2, ByVal dest As String)
If Not wv Is Nothing AndAlso Not wv.CoreWebView2 Is Nothing Then
If Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(dest) Then
If Not dest = "about:blank" AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("edge://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("file://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("http://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("https://") AndAlso
Not System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(dest, "^([A-Z]|[a-z]):") Then
'URL must start with one of the specified strings
'if Not, pre-pend with "http://"
'Debug.Print("Prepending ""http://"" to URL.")
'set value
dest = "http://" & dest
End If
'option 1
wv.Source = New Uri(dest, UriKind.Absolute)
'option 2
'wv.CoreWebView2.Navigate(dest)
End If
End If
End Sub
Private Sub textBoxAddressBar_KeyDown(sender As Object, e As KeyEventArgs) Handles textBoxAddressBar.KeyDown
If e.KeyCode = Keys.Enter AndAlso WebView21 IsNot Nothing Then
WebsiteNavigate(WebView21, textBoxAddressBar.Text)
End If
End Sub
Private Sub btnGo_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnGo.Click
WebsiteNavigate(WebView21, textBoxAddressBar.Text)
End Sub
Private Async Sub CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs)
LogMsg($"CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded")
Dim cwv2 As CoreWebView2 = DirectCast(sender, CoreWebView2)
Try
Dim result As String = Await cwv2.ExecuteScriptAsync("document.getElementById('m.first_name').textContent")
Debug.WriteLine($"result: {result}")
Catch ex As AggregateException
'ToDo: change code as desired
LogMsg($"Error: {ex.Message}")
If ex.InnerExceptions IsNot Nothing Then
For Each ex2 As Exception In ex.InnerExceptions
LogMsg($"{ex2.Message}")
Next
End If
LogMsg($"StackTrace: {ex.StackTrace}")
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged(sender As Object, e As Object)
Dim cwv2 As CoreWebView2 = DirectCast(sender, CoreWebView2)
btnBack.Enabled = WebView21.CoreWebView2.CanGoBack
btnForward.Enabled = WebView21.CoreWebView2.CanGoForward
'update address bar
textBoxAddressBar.Text = cwv2.Source
textBoxAddressBar.Select(textBoxAddressBar.Text.Length, 0)
End Sub
Private Sub WebView21_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2InitializationCompletedEventArgs) Handles WebView21.CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted
Dim wv As WebView2 = DirectCast(sender, WebView2)
LogMsg($"WebView21_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted")
LogMsg($"UserDataFolder: {WebView21.CoreWebView2.Environment.UserDataFolder}")
LogMsg($"Edge Browser version: {WebView21.CoreWebView2.Environment.BrowserVersionString}")
'subscribe to events
AddHandler wv.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded, AddressOf CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded
AddHandler wv.CoreWebView2.HistoryChanged, AddressOf CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged
End Sub
Private Sub WebView21_NavigationCompleted(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs) Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
LogMsg($"WebView21_NavigationCompleted")
End Sub
End Class
选项3 -隐式初始化(CreationProperties)
Imports System.IO
Imports Microsoft.Web.WebView2.Core
Imports Microsoft.Web.WebView2.WinForms
Public Class Form1
Private Async Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
LogMsg($"WebView2 version: {GetWebView2Version()}")
'set UserDataFolder
Dim userDataFolder As String = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location))
WebView21.CreationProperties = New CoreWebView2CreationProperties() With {.UserDataFolder = userDataFolder}
LogMsg($"before setting source")
'CoreWebView2 will be implicitly initialized when
'Source property is set
'this doesn't wait for CoreWebView2 intialization to complete
'so any code that exists after this statement may execute
'prior to CoreWebView2 intialization completing
WebView21.Source = New Uri("http://127.0.0.1:9009/index.html")
LogMsg($"after setting source")
End Sub
Public Function GetWebView2Version() As String
Dim webView2Assembly As System.Reflection.Assembly = GetType(WebView2).Assembly
Return FileVersionInfo.GetVersionInfo(webView2Assembly.Location).ProductVersion
End Function
Private Sub LogMsg(ByVal msg As String)
msg = String.Format("{0} {1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss:fff"), msg)
Debug.WriteLine(msg)
End Sub
Public Sub WebsiteNavigate(ByVal wv As WebView2, ByVal dest As String)
If Not wv Is Nothing AndAlso Not wv.CoreWebView2 Is Nothing Then
If Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(dest) Then
If Not dest = "about:blank" AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("edge://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("file://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("http://") AndAlso
Not dest.StartsWith("https://") AndAlso
Not System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(dest, "^([A-Z]|[a-z]):") Then
'URL must start with one of the specified strings
'if Not, pre-pend with "http://"
'Debug.Print("Prepending ""http://"" to URL.")
'set value
dest = "http://" & dest
End If
'option 1
wv.Source = New Uri(dest, UriKind.Absolute)
'option 2
'wv.CoreWebView2.Navigate(dest)
End If
End If
End Sub
Private Sub textBoxAddressBar_KeyDown(sender As Object, e As KeyEventArgs) Handles textBoxAddressBar.KeyDown
If e.KeyCode = Keys.Enter AndAlso WebView21 IsNot Nothing Then
WebsiteNavigate(WebView21, textBoxAddressBar.Text)
End If
End Sub
Private Sub btnGo_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnGo.Click
WebsiteNavigate(WebView21, textBoxAddressBar.Text)
End Sub
Private Async Sub CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs)
LogMsg($"CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded")
Dim cwv2 As CoreWebView2 = DirectCast(sender, CoreWebView2)
Try
Dim result As String = Await cwv2.ExecuteScriptAsync("document.getElementById('m.first_name').textContent")
Debug.WriteLine($"result: {result}")
Catch ex As AggregateException
'ToDo: change code as desired
LogMsg($"Error: {ex.Message}")
If ex.InnerExceptions IsNot Nothing Then
For Each ex2 As Exception In ex.InnerExceptions
LogMsg($"{ex2.Message}")
Next
End If
LogMsg($"StackTrace: {ex.StackTrace}")
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged(sender As Object, e As Object)
Dim cwv2 As CoreWebView2 = DirectCast(sender, CoreWebView2)
btnBack.Enabled = WebView21.CoreWebView2.CanGoBack
btnForward.Enabled = WebView21.CoreWebView2.CanGoForward
'update address bar
textBoxAddressBar.Text = cwv2.Source
textBoxAddressBar.Select(textBoxAddressBar.Text.Length, 0)
End Sub
Private Sub WebView21_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2InitializationCompletedEventArgs) Handles WebView21.CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted
Dim wv As WebView2 = DirectCast(sender, WebView2)
LogMsg($"WebView21_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted")
LogMsg($"UserDataFolder: {WebView21.CoreWebView2.Environment.UserDataFolder}")
LogMsg($"Edge Browser version: {WebView21.CoreWebView2.Environment.BrowserVersionString}")
'subscribe to events
AddHandler wv.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded, AddressOf CoreWebView2_DOMContentLoaded
AddHandler wv.CoreWebView2.HistoryChanged, AddressOf CoreWebView2_HistoryChanged
End Sub
Private Sub WebView21_NavigationCompleted(sender As Object, e As CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs) Handles WebView21.NavigationCompleted
LogMsg($"WebView21_NavigationCompleted")
End Sub
End Class
下面是我用来测试的HTML:
index.html
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<div id="view_m" style="display: block;">
<div id="form_small_left">
<table id="view_m_1" style="display: block;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>First name:</th>
<td id="m.first_name">Margeaet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Last name:</th>
<td id="m.last_name">Bill</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
资源
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73840363
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