我有一个高山运行容器,它包含usr/local/bin中的一些二进制文件。
当我ls usr/local/bin的内容时,我得到了以下输出:
/usr/local/bin # ls
dwg2SVG dwg2dxf dwgadd dwgbmp dwgfilter dwggrep dwglayers dwgread dwgrewrite dwgwrite dxf2dwg dxfwrite这正是我所期望的。但是,如果通过调用其中一个二进制文件来执行其中一个二进制文件,则从shell中得到一个not found错误:
/usr/local/bin # dwg2dxf
sh: dwgread: not found
/usr/local/bin # ./dwg2dxf
sh: ./dwgread: not found我测试了我的$PATH,这似乎是正确的:
/usr/local/bin # echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin如何使这些二进制文件可调用或“可基础”?我是不是错过了我的Dockerfile构建中的什么?我想高山中的ldconfig命令可能出了问题,但我不确定。
编辑
正如在这里的一个答案中所建议的,我执行了file命令,下面是输出:
/usr/local/bin # file dwg2dxf
dwgread: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=7835d4a42651a5fb7bdfa2bd8a76e40096bacb07, with debug_info, not stripped这些二进制文件来自LibreDWG官方存储库以及我的Dockerfile的第一部分。以下是完整的Dockerfile:
# podman/docker build -t libredwg .
############################
# STEP 1 build package from latest tar.xz
############################
FROM python:3.7.7-buster AS extracting
# libxml2-dev is broken so we need to compile it by our own
ARG LIBXML2VER=2.9.9
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends autoconf libtool swig texinfo \
build-essential gcc libxml2 python3-libxml2 libpcre2-dev libpcre2-32-0 curl \
libperl-dev libxml2-dev && \
mkdir libxmlInstall && cd libxmlInstall && \
wget ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-$LIBXML2VER.tar.gz && \
tar xf libxml2-$LIBXML2VER.tar.gz && \
cd libxml2-$LIBXML2VER/ && \
./configure && \
make && \
make install && \
cd /libxmlInstall && \
rm -rf gg libxml2-$LIBXML2VER.tar.gz libxml2-$LIBXML2VER
WORKDIR /app
RUN tarxz=`curl --silent 'https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libredwg/?C=M;O=D' | grep '.tar.xz<' | \
head -n1|sed -E 's/.*href="([^"]+)".*/\1/'`; \
echo "latest release $tarxz"; \
curl --silent --output "$tarxz" https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libredwg/$tarxz && \
mkdir libredwg && \
tar -C libredwg --xz --strip-components 1 -xf "$tarxz" && \
rm "$tarxz" && \
cd libredwg && \
./configure --disable-bindings --enable-release && \
make -j `nproc` && \
mkdir install && \
make install DESTDIR="$PWD/install" && \
make check DOCKER=1 DESTDIR="$PWD/install"
############################
# STEP 2 install into stable-slim
############################
# pull official base image
FROM osgeo/gdal:alpine-normal-latest
# set work directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
# set environment variables
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
# copy requirements file
COPY ./requirements.txt /usr/src/app/requirements.txt
# install dependencies
RUN set -eux \
&& apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps build-base \
py3-pip libressl-dev libffi-dev gcc musl-dev python3-dev postgresql-dev\
&& pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
&& pip3 install -r /usr/src/app/requirements.txt \
&& rm -rf /root/.cache/pip
# Install libredwg binaries
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/include/* /usr/local/include/
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/lib/* /usr/local/lib/
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/share/* /usr/local/share/
RUN ldconfig /usr/local/bin/
RUN ldconfig /usr/local/include/
RUN ldconfig /usr/local/lib/
RUN ldconfig /usr/local/share/
# copy project
COPY . /usr/src/app/发布于 2021-04-06 18:40:07
在Alpine上,not found错误是动态链路故障的典型症状。这确实是musl的ldd链接器的一个相当令人困惑的错误。
世界上大多数Linux软件都是与滑翔、GNU库(libc提供标准C库和POSIX )链接的。大多数Linux发行版都基于glibc。OTOH,Alpine是基于musl libc库的,它是一个最小的实现,并且严格符合POSIX。例如,构建在glibc发行版上的可执行文件依赖于/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6,这在高山上是不可用的(除非它们是静态链接的)。
除了这种依赖之外,重要的是要注意,尽管musl试图在某种程度上维护glibc兼容性,但它还远不是完全兼容的,而且构建在glibc上的复杂软件不能与musl一起工作,因此简单地将/lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1链接到glibc路径是不可能的。
通常,在高山上运行glibc二进制文件有几种方法:
# apk add gcompat
apk add libc6-compat这两个包都提供了一个轻量级的glibc兼容性层,这可能适合于运行简单的glibc应用程序。libc6-compat实现了glibc兼容性API,并提供到libm.so、libpthread.so和libcrypt.so等glibc共享库的符号链接。gcompat包是基于gcompat项目的,它也是这样做的,但是提供了一个库libgcompat.so。这两个库都安装加载程序存根。在应用程序上,其中一个可以工作,而另一个不能工作,所以两者都可以尝试。
# Source: https://github.com/anapsix/docker-alpine-java
ENV GLIBC_REPO=https://github.com/sgerrand/alpine-pkg-glibc
ENV GLIBC_VERSION=2.30-r0
RUN set -ex && \
apk --update add libstdc++ curl ca-certificates && \
for pkg in glibc-${GLIBC_VERSION} glibc-bin-${GLIBC_VERSION}; \
do curl -sSL ${GLIBC_REPO}/releases/download/${GLIBC_VERSION}/${pkg}.apk -o /tmp/${pkg}.apk; done && \
apk add --allow-untrusted /tmp/*.apk && \
rm -v /tmp/*.apk && \
/usr/glibc-compat/sbin/ldconfig /lib /usr/glibc-compat/lib对于LibreDWG,让我们首先验证这个问题:
/usr/local/bin # ./dwg2dxf
/bin/sh: ./dwg2dxf: not found
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/bin # ldd ./dwg2dxf
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fd375538000)
libredwg.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0 (0x7fd3744db000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fd375538000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fd375538000)
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __strcat_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __snprintf_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __memcpy_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __stpcpy_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __strcpy_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __printf_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __fprintf_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __strncat_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0: __sprintf_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating ./dwg2dxf: __snprintf_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating ./dwg2dxf: __printf_chk: symbol not found
Error relocating ./dwg2dxf: __fprintf_chk: symbol not found您可以看到,dwg2dxf依赖于几个glibc符号。现在,让我们按照选项2安装glibc:
/usr/src/app # cd /usr/local/bin
/usr/local/bin # ls
dwg2SVG dwg2dxf dwgadd dwgbmp dwgfilter dwggrep dwglayers dwgread dwgrewrite dwgwrite dxf2dwg dxfwrite
/usr/local/bin # ./dwg2dxf
/bin/sh: ./dwg2dxf: not found
/usr/local/bin # export GLIBC_REPO=https://github.com/sgerrand/alpine-pkg-glibc && \
> export GLIBC_VERSION=2.30-r0 && \
> apk --update add libstdc++ curl ca-certificates && \
> for pkg in glibc-${GLIBC_VERSION} glibc-bin-${GLIBC_VERSION}; \
> do curl -sSL ${GLIBC_REPO}/releases/download/${GLIBC_VERSION}/${pkg}.apk -o /tmp/${pkg}.apk; done && \
> apk add --allow-untrusted /tmp/*.apk && \
> rm -v /tmp/*.apk && \
> /usr/glibc-compat/sbin/ldconfig /lib /usr/glibc-compat/lib
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.13/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.13/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
(1/1) Installing curl (7.74.0-r1)
Executing busybox-1.32.1-r3.trigger
OK: 629 MiB in 126 packages
(1/2) Installing glibc (2.30-r0)
(2/2) Installing glibc-bin (2.30-r0)
Executing glibc-bin-2.30-r0.trigger
/usr/glibc-compat/sbin/ldconfig: /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0 is not a symbolic link
/usr/glibc-compat/sbin/ldconfig: /usr/glibc-compat/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 is not a symbolic link
OK: 640 MiB in 128 packages
removed '/tmp/glibc-2.30-r0.apk'
removed '/tmp/glibc-bin-2.30-r0.apk'
/usr/glibc-compat/sbin/ldconfig: /usr/glibc-compat/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 is not a symbolic link
/usr/glibc-compat/sbin/ldconfig: /usr/local/lib/libredwg.so.0 is not a symbolic link瞧:
/usr/local/bin # ./dwg2dxf
Usage: dwg2dxf [-v[N]] [--as rNNNN] [-m|--minimal] [-b|--binary] DWGFILES...发布于 2021-12-07 08:25:26
试试apk add gcompat (https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/package/edge/community/x86/gcompat)。
gcompat同时提供了/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2和/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/contents?file=ld-linux-x86-64.so.2)。
发布于 2021-04-06 11:27:13
编辑:
有关完整的解决方案,请参阅@valiano的答复。
下面是我在阅读@valiano的答复之前找到的一个解决办法
解决方案
通过切换到另一个基本映像(基于Ubuntu),我找到了一个解决办法--这里是新的工作 Dockerfile:
# podman/docker build -t libredwg .
############################
# STEP 1 build package from latest tar.xz
############################
FROM python:3.7.7-buster AS extracting
# libxml2-dev is broken so we need to compile it by our own
ARG LIBXML2VER=2.9.9
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends autoconf libtool swig texinfo \
build-essential gcc libxml2 python3-libxml2 libpcre2-dev libpcre2-32-0 curl \
libperl-dev libxml2-dev && \
mkdir libxmlInstall && cd libxmlInstall && \
wget ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-$LIBXML2VER.tar.gz && \
tar xf libxml2-$LIBXML2VER.tar.gz && \
cd libxml2-$LIBXML2VER/ && \
./configure && \
make && \
make install && \
cd /libxmlInstall && \
rm -rf gg libxml2-$LIBXML2VER.tar.gz libxml2-$LIBXML2VER
WORKDIR /app
RUN tarxz=`curl --silent 'https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libredwg/?C=M;O=D' | grep '.tar.xz<' | \
head -n1|sed -E 's/.*href="([^"]+)".*/\1/'`; \
echo "latest release $tarxz"; \
curl --silent --output "$tarxz" https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libredwg/$tarxz && \
mkdir libredwg && \
tar -C libredwg --xz --strip-components 1 -xf "$tarxz" && \
rm "$tarxz" && \
cd libredwg && \
./configure --disable-bindings --enable-release && \
make -j `nproc` && \
mkdir install && \
make install DESTDIR="$PWD/install" && \
make check DOCKER=1 DESTDIR="$PWD/install"
############################
# STEP 2 install into stable-slim
############################
# pull official base image
FROM osgeo/gdal:ubuntu-small-latest
# set work directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
# set environment variables
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
# copy requirements file
COPY ./requirements.txt /usr/src/app/requirements.txt
# install dependencies
RUN set -eux \
&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential \
libc6 python3-pip libffi-dev musl-dev gcc python3-dev postgresql-server-dev-all\
&& pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel \
&& pip3 install -r /usr/src/app/requirements.txt \
&& rm -rf /root/.cache/pip
# Install libredwg binaries
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/include/* /usr/local/include/
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/lib/* /usr/local/lib/
COPY --from=extracting /app/libredwg/install/usr/local/share/* /usr/local/share/
RUN ldconfig
# copy project
COPY . /usr/src/app/基本上我只是改变了
FROM osgeo/gdal:alpine-normal-latest至
FROM osgeo/gdal:ubuntu-small-latest我还更新了依赖项安装(从apk add高寒PM切换到apt-get)
--对于我来说,这不是一个理想的解决方案,因为使用基于高寒的图像可以生成更轻量级的容器,但是它正在工作,所以我将其作为可能的解决方案发布。
@valiano的答复是,是最优解。如果你关心光的图片,请参考它。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66963068
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