使用libc_nano.a时libc.a和nano.specs之间函数的多个定义
使用libc_nano.a时libc.a和nano.specs之间函数的多个定义
提问于 2021-07-15 01:16:18
我正在为STM32微控制器构建一个项目，并包含一个.cpp文件，其中包含标准C++库中的一些结构，例如std：：C++、std:string等。我不使用std::cout或std::malloc。我需要使用精简的C/C++库，并将-specs=nano.specs标志传递给链接器。我使用arm-none-eabi交叉编译工具编译和链接，使用cmake生成构建文件，使用忍者生成。
我一直收到一个链接错误，上面写着(例如)，
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sinit_lock_release':
findfp.c:(.text.__sinit_lock_release+0x0): multiple definition of `__sinit_lock_release'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sinit_lock_release+0x0): first defined here- 我对这个错误有点困惑，因为我认为specs=nano.specs标志用libc_nano.a替换了libc.a，但是这里看起来两个库都在使用，有些函数是在libc_nano.a.
中重新定义的。
如果使用
- 标志，则会得到
undefined reference to错误，例如：
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/WM_MainMicro.elf.dir/Core/Src/Components/message_table.cpp.obj: in function `std::vector<_app_msg, std::allocator<_app_msg> >::_M_check_len(unsigned int, char const*) const':
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/9.3.1/bits/stl_vector.h:1756: undefined reference to `std::__throw_length_error(char const*)'
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/WM_MainMicro.elf.dir/Core/Src/Components/message_table.cpp.obj: in function `__gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_app_msg>::allocate(unsigned int, void const*)':如果我不使用
- ，那么我的精灵文件对于可用的nano.specs来说太大了。(这就是为什么我想首先使用简化的C/C++库)
- 我发现了一个名为
-allow-multiple-definitions的标志，它允许我在编译过程中没有问题。根据我在文档中所发现的，这意味着链接器将允许一个符号的多个定义，并将使用第一个定义的符号。这是否意味着链接器将使用首先链接的库中的符号？如果是，它将在libc.a和libc_nano.a之间使用哪个符号？(考虑到libc.a在默认情况下似乎包括在内)
编辑:在这里张贴整个链接器错误：
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `_cleanup_r':
findfp.c:(.text._cleanup_r+0x0): multiple definition of `_cleanup_r'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text._cleanup_r+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sfmoreglue':
findfp.c:(.text.__sfmoreglue+0x0): multiple definition of `__sfmoreglue'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sfmoreglue+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `_cleanup':
findfp.c:(.text._cleanup+0x0): multiple definition of `_cleanup'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text._cleanup+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sfp_lock_acquire':
findfp.c:(.text.__sfp_lock_acquire+0x0): multiple definition of `__sfp_lock_acquire'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sfp_lock_acquire+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sfp_lock_release':
findfp.c:(.text.__sfp_lock_release+0x0): multiple definition of `__sfp_lock_release'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sfp_lock_release+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sinit_lock_acquire':
findfp.c:(.text.__sinit_lock_acquire+0x0): multiple definition of `__sinit_lock_acquire'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sinit_lock_acquire+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sinit_lock_release':
findfp.c:(.text.__sinit_lock_release+0x0): multiple definition of `__sinit_lock_release'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sinit_lock_release+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sinit':
findfp.c:(.text.__sinit+0x0): multiple definition of `__sinit'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sinit+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__sfp':
findfp.c:(.text.__sfp+0x0): multiple definition of `__sfp'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__sfp+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__fp_lock_all':
findfp.c:(.text.__fp_lock_all+0x0): multiple definition of `__fp_lock_all'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__fp_lock_all+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-findfp.o): in function `__fp_unlock_all':
findfp.c:(.text.__fp_unlock_all+0x0): multiple definition of `__fp_unlock_all'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-findfp.o):findfp.c:(.text.__fp_unlock_all+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-snprintf.o): in function `_snprintf_r':
snprintf.c:(.text._snprintf_r+0x0): multiple definition of `_snprintf_r'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-snprintf.o):snprintf.c:(.text._snprintf_r+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-snprintf.o): in function `snprintf':
snprintf.c:(.text.snprintf+0x0): multiple definition of `snprintf'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-snprintf.o):snprintf.c:(.text.snprintf+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-nano-svfprintf.o): in function `__ssprint_r':
nano-vfprintf.c:(.text.__ssprint_r+0x0): multiple definition of `__ssprint_r'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-svfiprintf.o):vfprintf.c:(.text.__ssprint_r+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-nano-svfprintf.o): in function `_svfprintf_r':
nano-vfprintf.c:(.text._svfprintf_r+0x0): multiple definition of `_svfprintf_r'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-svfprintf.o):vfprintf.c:(.text._svfprintf_r+0x0): first defined here
/usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc_nano.a(lib_a-nano-svfprintf.o): in function `_svfprintf_r':
nano-vfprintf.c:(.text._svfprintf_r+0x0): multiple definition of `_svfiprintf_r'; /usr/local/gcc-arm-none-eabi-9-2020-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard/libc.a(lib_a-svfiprintf.o):vfprintf.c:(.text._svfiprintf_r+0x0): first defined here回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2021-07-15 03:17:03
您可以尝试-nolibc选项而不是-nostdlibs。我认为问题在于，对于最初的选项，它不会同时使用标准的C/C++库。在您的情况下，您只想替换libc。
-nolibc
链接时不要使用与其紧密耦合的C库或系统库。仍然链接到启动文件，libgcc或工具链提供了语言支持库，如libgnat、libgfortran或libstdc++，除非还使用了阻止它们包含的选项。这通常会从链接命令行中删除-lc，以及通常与其一起运行的系统库，并在假定没有C库时变得毫无意义，例如，在某些配置中假定没有-lpthread或-lm。当确实没有C库时，这是针对裸板目标的。
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68386720
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