udp上的H 264/aacplus媒体流
udp上的H 264/aacplus媒体流
提问于 2011-11-04 00:03:17
有人在这方面有经验吗？
到目前为止，我已经尝试过使用ffmpeg (使用libx264和libaacplus)在udp上使用mpegts，但是这个mpegts显然是坏的(从几个不同的来源得到证实)。我也尝试过vlc，但是它只能编码AAC-LC，而不能编码HE-AAC v2 (aacplus)。
无论如何，我需要解决的问题是有几个不同的地理位置，覆盖着网络摄像头，我需要udp能够始终拥有传入的流，而不必担心网络的起伏(udp将在网络再次打开时继续发送数据包)。那么，你们中有谁有过使用流媒体直播媒体的经验吗?在udp协议上使用带有aacplus的h264，如果有，请告诉我如何实现它的链接或指导。
提前谢谢。
回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2012-01-02 22:11:59
我正在开发一个系统，它是一种DVR，它必须定期从视频设备记录一个h264文件，同时提供一个本地预览以允许调整视频参数和摄像机视图。虽然我在这个领域一点都不是专家，但我在UDP上获得了相对成功的流h264，所以我将尝试分享哪些没有成功，什么对我有帮助，这一切都是基于ffmpeg作为服务器(在我的例子中没有音频)。
最初，我将我的应用程序设置为同时将视频记录到一个文件中，并将其提供给ffserver的.ffm文件，以便使用RTP/UDP进行摄像机预览。这种方法的问题是，当输入ffmpeg进程停止更改视频文件时，预览将停止，永远不会恢复，尽管随后的ffmpeg进程将再次开始向ffserver提供信息。对于RTP，ffserver显然是在抱怨框架，时间戳从0开始，而不是继续它们已经停止的地方。然后，我意识到，如果我能够在纯UDP上发送h264数据包，我将得到与您所描述的完全相同的效果，在下一个ffmpeg进程接管后，预览就会恢复。
在试图理解ffmpeg文档的同时，我也尝试使用mpegts格式，但这样做是为了在播放器的另一端获取MPEG2视频(这显示了一个多播地址，但它也适用于特定的目标)：
$ ffmpeg -y -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video2 -vcodec libx264 -preset ultrafast /mnt/hd/video.mp4 -an -f mpegts udp://224.124.0.1:5000
ffmpeg version N-35860-g62adc60, Copyright (c) 2000-2011 the FFmpeg developers
built on Dec 16 2011 09:47:41 with gcc 4.5.3
configuration: --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --shlibdir=/usr/lib --mandir=/usr/man --disable-debug --enable-shared --disable-static --enab
le-pthreads --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-avfilter --enable
-libx264 --enable-libvpx --enable-librtmp --disable-indev='v4l,dv1394'
libavutil 51. 32. 0 / 51. 32. 0
libavcodec 53. 46. 0 / 53. 46. 0
libavformat 53. 26. 0 / 53. 26. 0
libavdevice 53. 4. 0 / 53. 4. 0
libavfilter 2. 53. 0 / 2. 53. 0
libswscale 2. 1. 0 / 2. 1. 0
libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0
[video4linux2,v4l2 @ 0x8a96b00] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from '/dev/video2':
Duration: N/A, start: 1325538250.366878, bitrate: 27620 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (I420 / 0x30323449), yuv420p, 320x240, 27620 kb/s, 29.97 tbr, 1000k tbn, 29.97 tbc
[buffer @ 0x8a9d8c0] w:320 h:240 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:0/1 sws_param:
[buffer @ 0x8a9c860] w:320 h:240 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:0/1 sws_param:
[libx264 @ 0x8a97780] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 Cache64
[libx264 @ 0x8a97780] profile Constrained Baseline, level 1.3
[libx264 @ 0x8a97780] 264 - core 120 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2011 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=0 ref=
1 deblock=0:0:0 analyse=0:0 me=dia subme=0 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=0 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=0 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11
fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=0 threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=0 weightp=
0 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=0 intra_refresh=0 rc=crf mbtree=0 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=0
[mpegts @ 0x8a98100] muxrate VBR, pcr every 2 pkts, sdt every 200, pat/pmt every 40 pkts
Output #0, mp4, to '/mnt/hd/video.mp4':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf53.26.0
Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (![0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p, 320x240, q=-1--1, 30k tbn, 29.97 tbc
Output #1, mpegts, to 'udp://224.124.0.1:5000':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf53.26.0
Stream #1:0: Video: mpeg2video, yuv420p, 320x240, q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 90k tbn, 29.97 tbc
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo -> libx264)
Stream #0:0 -> #1:0 (rawvideo -> mpeg2video)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help在客户端PC上，我可以用ffplay观看视频，它确实是MPEG2格式的：
$ ffplay -f mpegts udp://224.124.0.1:5000
ffplay version N-35860-g62adc60, Copyright (c) 2003-2011 the FFmpeg developers
built on Dec 16 2011 09:47:41 with gcc 4.5.3
configuration: --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --shlibdir=/usr/lib --mandir=/usr/man --disable-debug --enable-shared --disable-static --enable-pthreads --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-avfilter --enable-libx264 --enable-libvpx --enable-librtmp --disable-indev='v4l,dv1394'
libavutil 51. 32. 0 / 51. 32. 0
libavcodec 53. 46. 0 / 53. 46. 0
libavformat 53. 26. 0 / 53. 26. 0
libavdevice 53. 4. 0 / 53. 4. 0
libavfilter 2. 53. 0 / 2. 53. 0
libswscale 2. 1. 0 / 2. 1. 0
libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0
[mpegts @ 0x80f02e0] Unable to seek back to the start
[mpeg2video @ 0x8111a00] mpeg_decode_postinit() failure
Last message repeated 6 times
[mpegts @ 0x80f02e0] max_analyze_duration 5000000 reached at 5005000
[mpegts @ 0x80f02e0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, mpegts, from 'udp://224.124.0.1:5000':
Duration: N/A, start: 255.420433, bitrate: 104857 kb/s
Program 1
Metadata:
service_name : Service01
service_provider: FFmpeg
Stream #0:0[0x100]: Video: mpeg2video (Main) ([2][0][0][0] / 0x0002), yuv420p, 320x240 [SAR 1:1 DAR 4:3], 104857 kb/s, 30.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 90k tbn, 59.94 tbcVLC也在播放流，但只有在指定了开关-demux ffmpeg之后(感谢这)：
vlc -vv --demux ffmpeg udp://@224.124.0.1:5000由于我也希望预览在h264中，但我已经对文件进行了编码，所以我尝试为UDP流使用复制编解码器，但是ffmpeg失败了，出现了段错误(包含了供参考的版本)：
ffmpeg -y -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video2 -vcodec libx264 -preset ultrafast /mnt/hd/video.mp4 -an -vcodec cop
y -f h264 udp://224.124.0.1:5000
ffmpeg version N-35860-g62adc60, Copyright (c) 2000-2011 the FFmpeg developers
built on Dec 16 2011 09:47:41 with gcc 4.5.3
configuration: --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --shlibdir=/usr/lib --mandir=/usr/man --disable-debug --enable-shared --disable-static --enab
le-pthreads --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-avfilter --enable
-libx264 --enable-libvpx --enable-librtmp --disable-indev='v4l,dv1394'
libavutil 51. 32. 0 / 51. 32. 0
libavcodec 53. 46. 0 / 53. 46. 0
libavformat 53. 26. 0 / 53. 26. 0
libavdevice 53. 4. 0 / 53. 4. 0
libavfilter 2. 53. 0 / 2. 53. 0
libswscale 2. 1. 0 / 2. 1. 0
libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0
[video4linux2,v4l2 @ 0x92c7b00] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from '/dev/video2':
Duration: N/A, start: 1325539132.411691, bitrate: 27620 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (I420 / 0x30323449), yuv420p, 320x240, 27620 kb/s, 29.97 tbr, 1000k tbn, 29.97 tbc
[buffer @ 0x92ce860] w:320 h:240 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:0/1 sws_param:
[libx264 @ 0x92c8780] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 Cache64
[libx264 @ 0x92c8780] profile Constrained Baseline, level 1.3
[libx264 @ 0x92c8780] 264 - core 120 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2011 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=0 ref=
1 deblock=0:0:0 analyse=0:0 me=dia subme=0 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=0 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=0 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11
fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=0 threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=0 weightp=
0 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=0 intra_refresh=0 rc=crf mbtree=0 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=0
Output #0, mp4, to '/mnt/hd/video.mp4':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf53.26.0
Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (![0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p, 320x240, q=-1--1, 30k tbn, 29.97 tbc
Output #1, h264, to 'udp://224.124.0.1:5000':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf53.26.0
Stream #1:0: Video: rawvideo (I420 / 0x30323449), yuv420p, 320x240, q=2-31, 27620 kb/s, 90k tbn, 29.97 tbc
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo -> libx264)
Stream #0:0 -> #1:0 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Segmentation fault虽然不太理想，但指定UDP流部分的格式h264导致了第二次并发h264转换，但它起了作用：
$ ffmpeg -y -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video2 -vcodec libx264 -preset ultrafast /mnt/hd/video.mp4 -an -f h264 -preset ultrafast udp://224.124.0.1:5000
ffmpeg version N-35860-g62adc60, Copyright (c) 2000-2011 the FFmpeg developers
built on Dec 16 2011 09:47:41 with gcc 4.5.3
configuration: --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --shlibdir=/usr/lib --mandir=/usr/man --disable-debug --enable-shared --disable-static --enab
le-pthreads --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-avfilter --enable
-libx264 --enable-libvpx --enable-librtmp --disable-indev='v4l,dv1394'
libavutil 51. 32. 0 / 51. 32. 0
libavcodec 53. 46. 0 / 53. 46. 0
libavformat 53. 26. 0 / 53. 26. 0
libavdevice 53. 4. 0 / 53. 4. 0
libavfilter 2. 53. 0 / 2. 53. 0
libswscale 2. 1. 0 / 2. 1. 0
libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0
[video4linux2,v4l2 @ 0x913ab00] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from '/dev/video2':
Duration: N/A, start: 1325539689.729735, bitrate: 27620 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (I420 / 0x30323449), yuv420p, 320x240, 27620 kb/s, 29.97 tbr, 1000k tbn, 29.97 tbc
[buffer @ 0x9141840] w:320 h:240 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:0/1 sws_param:
[buffer @ 0x913e480] w:320 h:240 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:0/1 sws_param:
[libx264 @ 0x913b780] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 Cache64
[libx264 @ 0x913b780] profile Constrained Baseline, level 1.3
[libx264 @ 0x913b780] 264 - core 120 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2011 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=0 ref=
1 deblock=0:0:0 analyse=0:0 me=dia subme=0 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=0 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=0 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11
fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=0 threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=0 weightp=
0 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=0 intra_refresh=0 rc=crf mbtree=0 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=0
[libx264 @ 0x913c820] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 Cache64
[libx264 @ 0x913c820] profile Constrained Baseline, level 1.3
Output #0, mp4, to '/mnt/hd/video.mp4':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf53.26.0
Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (![0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p, 320x240, q=-1--1, 30k tbn, 29.97 tbc
Output #1, h264, to 'udp://224.124.0.1:5000':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf53.26.0
Stream #1:0: Video: h264, yuv420p, 320x240, q=-1--1, 90k tbn, 29.97 tbc
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo -> libx264)
Stream #0:0 -> #1:0 (rawvideo -> libx264)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help在客户端，ffplay反复抱怨一些信息丢失，但几秒钟后，它终于出现了视频，这是好的，但有点不稳定：
$ ffplay -f h264 udp://224.124.0.1:5000
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] non-existing PPS referenced
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] decode_slice_header error
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] no frame!
(...)
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] non-existing PPS referenced
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] decode_slice_header error
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] no frame!
[h264 @ 0xa0e72e0] max_analyze_duration 5000000 reached at 5013967
[h264 @ 0xa0e72e0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, h264, from 'udp://224.124.0.1:5000':
Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 320x240, 47.27 fps, 29.97 tbr, 1200k tbn, 59.94 tbc
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] Missing reference picture
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] decode_slice_header error
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] concealing 300 DC, 300 AC, 300 MV errors
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] Missing reference picture 0KB sq= 0B f=0/0 0/0
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] decode_slice_header error
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] mmco: unref short failure
[h264 @ 0xa0be740] concealing 300 DC, 300 AC, 300 MV errors
10.78 A-V: 0.000 fd= 0 aq= 0KB vq= 0KB sq= 0B f=0/0 然后，我尝试了VLC，并使用了相同的“--demux ffmpeg”开关；它还抱怨SPS/PPS (还不知道它是关于什么的)，但最终它播放得非常流畅：
$ vlc -v --demux ffmpeg udp/h264://@224.124.0.1:5000
VLC media player 1.1.12 The Luggage (revision exported)
Blocked: call to unsetenv("DBUS_ACTIVATION_ADDRESS")
Blocked: call to unsetenv("DBUS_ACTIVATION_BUS_TYPE")
[0x943346c] main libvlc: Running vlc with the default interface. Use 'cvlc' to use vlc without interface.
Blocked: call to setlocale(6, "")
Blocked: call to setlocale(6, "")
[0x94cde8c] qt4 interface error: Unable to load extensions module
[0x96720e4] h264 demux error: this doesn't look like a H264 ES stream, continuing anyway
[0x963989c] access_udp access warning: unimplemented query in control
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x967328c] packetizer_h264 demux packetizer warning: waiting for SPS/PPS
[0x94be644] main input error: Invalid PCR value in ES_OUT_SET_(GROUP_)PCR !
[0xb2a325f4] avcodec decoder warning: disabling direct rendering
[0x96dfac4] main video output warning: vlc_object_find_name(postproc) is not safe!
[0x94c2474] signals interface warning: signal 17 overridden (0xb6f31030)
[0x94c2474] signals interface warning: /usr/lib/qt/lib/libQtCore.so.4(?)[(nil)]
[0x96dfac4] main video output warning: late picture skipped (32703 > -4)我还在努力找出缺少的东西，但是结果已经很好了。在VLC播放之后，当我在另一端重新启动ffmpeg时，我可以立即停止播放暂停并恢复播放的ffmpeg。
希望这可以是任何帮助，请告诉我，如果您有任何关于使用h264作为所选择的格式代替mpegts的任何其他信息-我怀疑这个缺失的SPS/PPS信息可能与它有关。
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8003480
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