问找出两组点的平移和尺度，从而得到距离上的最小平方误差？

EN

(1/sigma^2)*trace(D*S)

typedef Eigen::Matrix<double, 3, 1, Eigen::DontAlign> Vector3d_U; // microsoft's 32-bit compiler can't put Eigen::Vector3d inside a std::vector. for other compilers or for 64-bit, feel free to replace this by Eigen::Vector3d

/**
 *  @brief rigidly aligns two sets of poses
 *
 *  This calculates such a relative pose <tt>R, t</tt>, such that:
 *
 *  @code
 *  _TyVector v_pose = R * r_vertices[i] + t;
 *  double f_error = (r_tar_vertices[i] - v_pose).squaredNorm();
 *  @endcode
 *
 *  The sum of squared errors in <tt>f_error</tt> for each <tt>i</tt> is minimized.
 *
 *  @param[in] r_vertices is a set of vertices to be aligned
 *  @param[in] r_tar_vertices is a set of vertices to align to
 *
 *  @return Returns a relative pose that rigidly aligns the two given sets of poses.
 *
 *  @note This requires the two sets of poses to have the corresponding vertices stored under the same index.
 */
static std::pair<Eigen::Matrix3d, Eigen::Vector3d> t_Align_Points(
    const std::vector<Vector3d_U> &r_vertices, const std::vector<Vector3d_U> &r_tar_vertices)
{
    _ASSERTE(r_tar_vertices.size() == r_vertices.size());
    const size_t n = r_vertices.size();

    Eigen::Vector3d v_center_tar3 = Eigen::Vector3d::Zero(), v_center3 = Eigen::Vector3d::Zero();
    for(size_t i = 0; i < n; ++ i) {
        v_center_tar3 += r_tar_vertices[i];
        v_center3 += r_vertices[i];
    }
    v_center_tar3 /= double(n);
    v_center3 /= double(n);
    // calculate centers of positions, potentially extend to 3D

    double f_sd2_tar = 0, f_sd2 = 0; // only one of those is really needed
    Eigen::Matrix3d t_cov = Eigen::Matrix3d::Zero();
    for(size_t i = 0; i < n; ++ i) {
        Eigen::Vector3d v_vert_i_tar = r_tar_vertices[i] - v_center_tar3;
        Eigen::Vector3d v_vert_i = r_vertices[i] - v_center3;
        // get both vertices

        f_sd2 += v_vert_i.squaredNorm();
        f_sd2_tar += v_vert_i_tar.squaredNorm();
        // accumulate squared standard deviation (only one of those is really needed)

        t_cov.noalias() += v_vert_i * v_vert_i_tar.transpose();
        // accumulate covariance
    }
    // calculate the covariance matrix

    Eigen::JacobiSVD<Eigen::Matrix3d> svd(t_cov, Eigen::ComputeFullU | Eigen::ComputeFullV);
    // calculate the SVD

    Eigen::Matrix3d R = svd.matrixV() * svd.matrixU().transpose();
    // compute the rotation

    double f_det = R.determinant();
    Eigen::Vector3d e(1, 1, (f_det < 0)? -1 : 1);
    // calculate determinant of V*U^T to disambiguate rotation sign

    if(f_det < 0)
        R.noalias() = svd.matrixV() * e.asDiagonal() * svd.matrixU().transpose();
    // recompute the rotation part if the determinant was negative

    R = Eigen::Quaterniond(R).normalized().toRotationMatrix();
    // renormalize the rotation (not needed but gives slightly more orthogonal transformations)

    double f_scale = svd.singularValues().dot(e) / f_sd2_tar;
    double f_inv_scale = svd.singularValues().dot(e) / f_sd2; // only one of those is needed
    // calculate the scale

    R *= f_inv_scale;
    // apply scale

    Eigen::Vector3d t = v_center_tar3 - (R * v_center3); // R needs to contain scale here, otherwise the translation is wrong
    // want to align center with ground truth

    return std::make_pair(R, t); // or put it in a single 4x4 matrix if you like
}