问std：：数组与std：：向量细微差异

EN

Sentence sentence = { "Hello", "from", "GCC", __VERSION__, "!" };  
std::array<std::string, 10> a;
std::copy(sentence.begin(), sentence.end(), a.begin());

int i = 0;
for (const auto& e : a)
{
    i++;
    std::cout << e << std::endl;
}
std::cout << i << std::endl;

// outputs 10

i = 0;
for (const auto& e : sentence)
{
    i++;
    std::cout << e << std::endl;
}
std::cout << i << std::endl;

// outputs 5

for (int i = 0; i < a.size(); i++)
    std::cout << i << " " << a[i] << std::endl;

// outputs 0 Hello
// ...
//         4 !
//         5-9 is blank

for (int i = 0; i < sentence.size(); i++)
    std::cout << i << " " << sentence[i] << std::endl;

// outputs 0 Hello
// ...
//         4 !
// stops here


// The following outputs the same as above
i = 0;

for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end(); it++)
{
    std::cout << i << " " << *it << std::endl;
    i++;
}
std::cout << i << std::endl;
i = 0;
for (auto it = sentence.begin(); it != sentence.end(); it++)
{
    std::cout << i << " " << *it << std::endl;   
    i++;
}
std::cout << i << std::endl;