blocks|key|1652718|text|grep和-f+(用于文件)对此最好：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1652719|$+grep+-f+f1+f2
POLLAND+
GERMANY|code-block|syntax|javascript|1652720|实际上，要获得精确匹配和不使用正则表达式，分别使用-w和-F。|1652721|$+grep+-wFf+f1+f2
POLLAND+
GERMANY|1652722|1652723|如果您真的必须用awk来完成它，那么您可以使用：|1652724|$+awk+'FNR==NR+{a[$1];+next}+$1+in+a'+f1+f2
POLLAND+
GERMANY|1652725|读取第一个文件时执行FNR==NR。|unordered-list-item|1652726|{a[$1];+next}将第一个文件的行存储在a[]中，然后转到下一行。|1652727|当循环遍历第二个文件时对$1+in+a进行评估。它检查当前行是否在a[]数组中。|1652728|1652729|1652730|1652731|为什么你的剧本不起作用？|1652732|因为您使用的是NEXT而不是next。因此，它被视为常量而不是命令。|1652733|另外，因为BEGIN+{+FS="\n"+}是错误的，因为默认的FS是一个空格，所以可以这样做。把它设为一条新的路线，使它行为不端。|1652734|1652735|1652736|entityMap^0|0|4|5|2|0|0|P|2|S|2|0|0|0|8|3|0|0|A|7|0|0|D|O|3|0|C|7|X|3|0|0|0|0|0|7|4|E|4|0|5|H|W|2|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1D|8|@$9|1E|A|1F|B|C]|$9|1G|A|1H|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|1I|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1J|8|@$9|1K|A|1L|B|C]|$9|1M|A|1N|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|1O|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1Q|8|@$9|1R|A|1S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|H|7|1T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|T|3|U|5|V|7|1U|8|@$9|1V|A|1W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|V|7|1X|8|@$9|1Y|A|1Z|B|C]|$9|20|A|21|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|V|7|22|8|@$9|23|A|24|B|C]|$9|25|A|26|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|10|3|-4|5|6|7|27|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|11|3|-4|5|6|7|28|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|12|3|-4|5|6|7|29|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|13|3|14|5|6|7|2A|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|15|3|16|5|V|7|2B|8|@$9|2C|A|2D|B|C]|$9|2E|A|2F|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|17|3|18|5|V|7|2G|8|@$9|2H|A|2I|B|C]|$9|2J|A|2K|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|19|3|-4|5|6|7|2L|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1A|3|-4|5|6|7|2M|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1B|3|-4|5|6|7|2N|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|1C|$]]

<code>grep</code> together with <code>-f</code> (for file) is best for this:

<pre><code>$ grep -f f1 f2
POLLAND 
GERMANY
</code></pre>

And in fact, to get exact matches and no regex, use respectively <code>-w</code> and <code>-F</code>:

<pre><code>$ grep -wFf f1 f2
POLLAND 
GERMANY
</code></pre>

<hr>

If you really have to do it with <code>awk</code>, then you can use:

<pre><code>$ awk 'FNR==NR {a[$1]; next} $1 in a' f1 f2
POLLAND 
GERMANY
</code></pre>

<ul>
<li><code>FNR==NR</code> is performed when reading the first file.</li>
<li><code>{a[$1]; next}</code> stores in <code>a[]</code> the lines of the first file and goes to the next line.</li>
<li><code>$1 in a</code> is evaluated when looping through the second file. It checks if the current line is within the <code>a[]</code> array.</li>
</ul>

<hr>

<h3>Why wasn't your script working?</h3>

<ul>
<li>Because you used <code>NEXT</code> instead of <code>next</code>. So it was treated as a constant instead of a command.</li>
<li>Also, because the <code>BEGIN { FS="\n" }</code> was wrong, as the default <code>FS</code> is a space and it is ok to be like that. Setting it as a new line was making it misbehave.</li>
</ul>

blocks|key|1108955|text|你的命令应该是：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1108956|awk+'NR==FNR{A[$1]%2B%2B;next}A[$1]'+file1+file2|code-block|syntax|javascript|1108957|在BEGIN{}的大括号后面有一个偏离的分号，还有大写字母中的"NEXT“，并且拼写错误。|1108958|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

Your command should maybe be:

<pre><code>awk 'NR==FNR{A[$1]++;next}A[$1]' file1 file2
</code></pre>

You have a stray semi-colon after the closing brace of BEGIN{} and also have "NEXT" in capital letters and have mis-spelled your filename.

blocks|key|4119744|text|试试看这个衬里：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4119745|awk+'NR==FNR{name[$1]%2B%2B;next}$1+in+name'+file1.txt+file2.txt|code-block|syntax|javascript|4119746|迭代第一个文件NR==FNR，将名称存储在一个名为names的数组中。|unordered-list-item|offset|length|style|CODE|4119747|您可以使用next来防止第二个操作发生，直到第一个文件完全存储在数组中为止。|4119748|第一个文件完成后，可以通过检查下一个文件是否存在于数组中来启动下一个文件。如果它退出，它将打印出名称。|4119749|FS是字段分隔符。您不需要将其设置为new+line。您需要RS，它是Record+Separator，才是新的行。但我们在这里不这么做，因为它是默认值。|4119750|4119751|4119752|entityMap^0|0|0|7|7|P|5|0|5|4|0|0|0|2|I|8|U|2|Z|G|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|I|7|Z|8|@$J|10|K|11|L|M]|$J|12|K|13|L|M]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|I|7|14|8|@$J|15|K|16|L|M]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|I|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|I|7|18|8|@$J|19|K|1A|L|M]|$J|1B|K|1C|L|M]|$J|1D|K|1E|L|M]|$J|1F|K|1G|L|M]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|W|$]]

Try this one-liner:

<pre><code>awk 'NR==FNR{name[$1]++;next}$1 in name' file1.txt file2.txt
</code></pre>

<ul>
<li>You iterate through first file <code>NR==FNR</code> storing the names in an array called <code>names</code>.</li>
<li>You use <code>next</code> to prevent the second action from happneing until first file is completely stored in array. </li>
<li>Once the first file is complete, you start the next file by checking if it is present in the array. It will print out the name if it exits. </li>
<li><code>FS</code> is field separator. You don't need to set that to <code>new line</code>. You need <code>RS</code> which is <code>Record Separator</code> to be new line. But we don't do that here because that it the default value.</li>
</ul>

blocks|key|1108994|text|如果您不必使用awk，更好的选择可能是GNU，comm。从手册页：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1108995|comm+-12+file1+file2+Print+only+lines+present+in+both+file1+and+file2.|code-block|syntax|javascript|1108996|entityMap^0|N|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

If you don't have to use awk, a better alternative might be the GNU coreutil, <code>comm</code>. From the man page:

<pre><code>comm -12 file1 file2 Print only lines present in both file1 and file2.
</code></pre>

I am trying to compare two files and want to print the matching lines... The lines present in the files will be unique

File1.txt

<pre><code>GERMANY
FRANCE
UK
POLLAND
</code></pre>

File2.txt

<pre><code>POLLAND 
GERMANY
</code></pre>

I tried with below command 

<pre><code>awk 'BEGIN { FS="\n" } ; NR==FNR{A[$1]++;NEXT}A[$1]' File1.txt File2.txt
</code></pre>

but it is printing the matching record twice, I want them to be printed once...

UPDATE

expected output

<pre><code>POLLAND 
GERMANY
</code></pre>

Current Output

<pre><code>POLLAND 
GERMANY
POLLAND 
GERMANY
</code></pre>

awk to compare two files

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我试着比较两个文件，并想打印匹配的线条.文件中的行将是唯一的。File1.txtGERMANYFRANCEUKPOLLANDFile2.txtPOLLAND GERMANY我试着用以下命令awk 'BEGIN { FS="\n" } ; NR==FNR{A[$1]++;NEXT}A[$1]' File1.txt Fil...

问awk来比较两个文件
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问awk来比较两个文件EN