blocks|key|1382535|text|所以这基本上是Android的一个bug+(我猜)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1382536|参考资料：|1382537|在adt-dev组中提出的问题|ordered-list-item|offset|length|1382538|实际bug+-+#66841|1382539|解决办法(直到修复了bug+)：|1382540|在gradle文件中添加一个重复提供的依赖项，如下所示：|1382541|dependencies+{
++++//+...

++++provided+'com.jakewharton.espresso:espresso:1.1-r2'
++++androidTestCompile+('com.jakewharton.espresso:espresso:1.1-r2')+{
++++++++exclude+group:+'com.squareup.dagger'
++++}
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|1382542|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/adt-dev/rwRanX8pfX4|1|https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=66841^0|0|0|0|F|0|0|0|E|1|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|15|8|@]|9|@$G|16|H|17|1|18]]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|F|7|19|8|@]|9|@$G|1A|H|1B|1|1C]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|Q|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$R|S]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|U|$V|$5|W|X|Y|A|$Z|10]]|11|$5|W|X|Y|A|$Z|12]]]]

So this is basically a bug with Android Studio (i'm guessing). 

Reference:

<ol>
<li><a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/adt-dev/rwRanX8pfX4">Issue raised in adt-dev groups</a></li>
<li><a href="https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=66841">Actual bug - #66841</a></li>
</ol>

Workaround (until the bug is fixed):

Add a duplicate provided dependency in your gradle file like so:

<pre><code>dependencies {
 // ...

 provided 'com.jakewharton.espresso:espresso:1.1-r2'
 androidTestCompile ('com.jakewharton.espresso:espresso:1.1-r2') {
 exclude group: 'com.squareup.dagger'
 }
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1382553|text|六个月后，这仍然是一个问题，最初的响应者引用的bug已经重新打开：https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=66841，并给予了更高的优先级。我还没能让Android识别Espresso类，并且使用“提供”的依赖范围来解决这个问题是行不通的。(使用0.8.6级和0.12.2级)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1382554|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=66841^0|X|1K|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

Six months later this is still an issue and the bug referenced by the original responder has been reopened: <a href="https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=66841" rel="nofollow">https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=66841</a> and given higher priority. I have not yet been able to get Android Studio to recognize Espresso classes and using the "provided" scope for dependencies didn't work to fix the issue for me. (Using AS 0.8.6 and Gradle 0.12.2)

blocks|key|1661665|text|这个问题把我逼疯了。在Android中，它似乎是一个已知的bug。在我的例子中，在我将Build从版本更改为父应用程序的Debug之后，它就解决了。希望这对某人有帮助|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1661666|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

This issue was driving me crazy. And seems like it's a known bug in Android Studio. In my case it resolved after I've changed Build Type from Release to Debug for the parent app. Hope this may be helpful for someone

blocks|key|662457|text|浓缩咖啡2.0|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|662458|最近，Espresso2.0发布，使其成为Android支持库的一部分。这是在android博客上宣布。|offset|length|style|BOLD|662459|安装指南|662460|有了这一点，他们也链接更新的安装指南。在这里，您可以找到从零开始配置或更新现有espresso配置为2.0的说明。|662461|其他窍门|662462|更改是上述两个链接包含您需要的所有信息。如果没有，我在下面列出了一些常见的错误|662463|将Android升级到1.0.*|662464|首先升级你的android构建。您应该能够从稳定的构建通道(=default)中获得至少1.0。所以，只需使用菜单选项Android+>检查更新.。|662465|要从最新版本中获取最新消息，您还可以进入首选项，搜索更新并将频道更改为金丝雀频道。|662466|将安卓支持库更新为v+11%2B|662467|Espresso包含在版本11的支持库中，所以您必须至少获得该版本。检查使用Android管理器进行的更新。支持库位于底部的Extras树中。|662468|新的依赖项和命名空间|662469|如果从较旧的espresso发行版中升级，则必须更新依赖项和命名空间。对于新项目，只需将这些添加到dependencies文件中的build.gradle文件中即可。|CODE|662470|dependencies+{
++++androidTestCompile+'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.0'
++++androidTestCompile+'com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1'
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|662471|而且，由于命名空间发生了更改，您必须更新所有导入：|662472|android.support.test.espresso|662473|注意，使用静态导入更容易。以一些常用的进口产品为例：|662474|import+static+android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import+static+android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import+static+android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import+static+android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;
import+static+android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withContentDescription;|662475|对于断言使用hamcrest，也有一些例子：|662476|import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.not;
import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.allOf;
import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.anyOf;
import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString;
import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.startsWith;
import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.endsWith;
import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalToIgnoringCase;
import+static+org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace;|662477|仪表转轮|662478|测试运行程序需要配置在build.gradle文件中的defaultConfig中，以及用于从Android启动测试的运行配置中。|662479|defaultConfig+{
++++testInstrumentationRunner+"android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}|662480|在您的运行配置中，使用它作为工具运行程序(仅全名)：|662481|android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner|662482|示例测试用例|662483|并给出了一个测试用例。请注意，MainActivity是您要测试的行为。测试本身是以测试开始的公共方法，如下面示例中的testListGoesOverTheFold。|662484|@LargeTest
public+class+HelloWorldEspressoTest+extends+ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity>+{

++++public+HelloWorldEspressoTest()+{
++++++++++++super(MainActivity.class);
++++++++}

++++@Override
++++public+void+setUp()+throws+Exception+{
++++++++super.setUp();
++++++++getActivity();
++++}

++++public+void+testListGoesOverTheFold()+{
++++++++onView(withText("Hello+world")).check(isDisplayed());
++++}
}|662485|有关编写测试的更多信息，请访问https://github.com/googlesamples/android-testing。|662486|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://plus.google.com/%2BAndroidDevelopers/posts/jHXFkebKjEb|1|https://google.github.io/android-testing-support-library/docs/espresso/setup/index.html|2|https://github.com/googlesamples/android-testing^0|0|3|B|L|A|12|D|0|0|0|9|9|1|0|0|0|0|1N|8|1W|5|0|Z|5|0|0|12|A|1Q|6|0|0|1D|C|1T|C|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|B|C|0|0|0|0|0|F|C|1N|N|0|0|F|1C|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|2F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|2G|8|@$D|2H|E|2I|F|G]|$D|2J|E|2K|F|G]]|9|@$D|2L|E|2M|1|2N]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|2O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|2P|8|@]|9|@$D|2Q|E|2R|1|2S]]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|2T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|2U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|2V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|2W|8|@$D|2X|E|2Y|F|G]|$D|2Z|E|30|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|31|8|@$D|32|E|33|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|W|5|6|7|34|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|X|3|Y|5|6|7|35|8|@$D|36|E|37|F|G]|$D|38|E|39|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Z|3|10|5|6|7|3A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|12|5|6|7|3B|8|@$D|3C|E|3D|F|13]|$D|3E|E|3F|F|13]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|14|3|15|5|16|7|3G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$17|18]]|$1|19|3|1A|5|6|7|3H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1B|3|1C|5|16|7|3I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$17|18]]|$1|1D|3|1E|5|6|7|3J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1F|3|1G|5|16|7|3K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$17|18]]|$1|1H|3|1I|5|6|7|3L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1J|3|1K|5|16|7|3M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$17|18]]|$1|1L|3|1M|5|6|7|3N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1N|3|1O|5|6|7|3O|8|@$D|3P|E|3Q|F|13]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1P|3|1Q|5|16|7|3R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$17|18]]|$1|1R|3|1S|5|6|7|3S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1T|3|1U|5|16|7|3T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$17|18]]|$1|1V|3|1W|5|6|7|3U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1X|3|1Y|5|6|7|3V|8|@$D|3W|E|3X|F|13]|$D|3Y|E|3Z|F|13]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1Z|3|20|5|16|7|40|8|@]|9|@]|A|$17|18]]|$1|21|3|22|5|6|7|41|8|@]|9|@$D|42|E|43|1|44]]|A|$]]|$1|23|3|-4|5|6|7|45|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|24|$25|$5|26|27|28|A|$29|2A]]|2B|$5|26|27|28|A|$29|2C]]|2D|$5|26|27|28|A|$29|2E]]]]

<h2>Espresso 2.0</h2>

Recently Espresso 2.0 was released making it now part of the Android Support Library. This was <a href="https://plus.google.com/+AndroidDevelopers/posts/jHXFkebKjEb" rel="nofollow noreferrer">announced on the android dev blog</a>.

<h2>Setup Guide</h2>

With that they also <a href="https://google.github.io/android-testing-support-library/docs/espresso/setup/index.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">linked an updated setup guide</a>. There you can find instructions to configure from scratch or to update your existing espresso config for 2.0.

<h2>Other Tips</h2>

Changes are the above 2 links contain all information you need. If not I have listed some common mistakes below

<h3>Upgrade Android Studio to 1.0.*</h3>

Start by upgrading your android Studio build. You should be able to get at least 1.0 from the stable builds channels (=default). So just use the menu option Android Studio > Check for updates... .

To get the latest from the latest you can also go into Preferences, search for updates and change the channel to canary channel.

<h3>Update Android Support Library to v 11+</h3>

Espresso was included in the Support library from version 11 so you have to get at least that version. Check for updates using the Android SDK manager. The Support Library is within the Extras tree at the bottom.

<h3>New dependencies and namespace</h3>

If upgading from an older espresso release you'll have to update the dependencies and the namespace. For new projects just add these to the <code>dependencies</code> in your <code>build.gradle</code> file.

<pre><code>dependencies {
 androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.0'
 androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1'
}
</code></pre>

And since the namespace changed you'll have to update all imports:

<pre><code>android.support.test.espresso
</code></pre>

Note that it's easier to use static imports. Some commonly used imports as an example:

<pre><code>import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withContentDescription;
</code></pre>

For asserts use hamcrest, again some examples:

<pre><code>import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.not;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.allOf;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.anyOf;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.startsWith;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.endsWith;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalToIgnoringCase;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace;
</code></pre>

<h3>Instrumentation runner</h3>

The test runner needs to be configured in both your <code>build.gradle</code> file within defaultConfig and the run configuration used to launch your tests from Android Studio. 

<pre><code>defaultConfig {
 testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
</code></pre>

And in your run configuration use this as instrumentation runner (full class name only):

<pre><code>android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
</code></pre>

<h3>Example test case</h3>

And an example test case to finish with. Note that <code>MainActivity</code> is your actvitiy you want to test. The tests themselves are public methods that start with test, like <code>testListGoesOverTheFold</code> in the below example.

<pre><code>@LargeTest
public class HelloWorldEspressoTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2&lt;MainActivity&gt; {

 public HelloWorldEspressoTest() {
 super(MainActivity.class);
 }

 @Override
 public void setUp() throws Exception {
 super.setUp();
 getActivity();
 }

 public void testListGoesOverTheFold() {
 onView(withText("Hello world")).check(isDisplayed());
 }
}
</code></pre>

For more information on writing tests visit <a href="https://github.com/googlesamples/android-testing" rel="nofollow noreferrer">the espresso start guide</a>.

blocks|key|1661731|text|根据http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide，只测试一种构建类型，默认情况下是调试生成类型。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1661732|因此，请检查是否使用调试生成变量并重新构建应用程序。在其他构建类型上，所有的androidTest依赖项都是不可见的。|1661733|如果您需要测试当前的构建类型，您可以这样做：|1661734|安卓{+..。testBuildType“分期”}|1661735|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide^0|2|1Q|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@$A|S|B|T|1|U]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|C|$P|Q]]]]

according to <a href="http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide" rel="nofollow">http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide</a>
only one build type is tested, by default it is debug Build Type.

So check that you are using debug build variant and rebuild the application. On other build types all your androidTest dependencies will not be visible.

If you need to test your current build type you can do something like this: 

android {
 ...
 testBuildType "staging"
}

blocks|key|662529|text|我已经尝试了所有的解决方案，就像上面人们猜测的那样，但仍然没有找到错误的类。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|662530|我想出了解决办法，它救了我一命。因此，如果您在Studio中的项目文件夹左侧打开项目选项卡并检查构建变体，您可以看到，您的项目被设置为单元测试。您必须将其重新设置为androidTest，并确保您的test.java文件位于**src\androidTest\java**下面。|offset|length|style|BOLD|662531|entityMap^0|0|1V|4|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|K|8|@$D|L|E|M|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$]]

I've tried every solution what guys guessed above and still got the class not found error.

I figured out my solution, it saved my day. 
So if you open the project tab on left to your project folders in Studio and check the build variants you can see that, your project is set to unit test. You have to re-set it to Android Instrumentation Tests and make sure your test.java file is under
 **src\androidTest\java**

blocks|key|1661780|text|在我的例子中，AndroidStudio1.5.1没有实现onView()或onData()方法。我只是静态地导入了Espresso类和它的所有方法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1661781|我加上了下面的一行，一切都很完美。|1661782|import+static+android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.*;|code-block|syntax|javascript|1661783|entityMap^0|T|8|12|8|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]|$9|R|A|S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|U|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$]]

Android Studio 1.5.1 didn't realize <code>onView()</code> or <code>onData()</code> methods in my case. I just did a static import of the Espresso class and all it's methods.

I added the below line and everything worked perfectly.

<pre><code>import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.*;
</code></pre>

blocks|key|662572|text|尝试以下依赖关系：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|662573|implementation+'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.0.2'
androidTestImplementation+'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'|code-block|syntax|javascript|662574|我有这个问题，我浏览并添加了所有的浓缩咖啡库，我可以添加到我的梯度文件。等待黄灯亮起，然后单击add库，然后搜索您没有的espresso库。我不知道这对每个人都有用，但对我有效。|662575|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

try these dependencies:
<pre><code>implementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
</code></pre>
I was having this issue and I went through and added every espresso library I could add to my gradle file. Wait for the yellow lightbulb to come on and then click add library and search for the espresso libraries you don't have. I don't know if this will work for everyone but it worked for me.

I'm running <code>Android Studio 0.5.0</code> with <code>Gradle 1.11</code>. I'm trying to install Espresso library from <a href="http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.jakewharton.espresso/espresso/1.1-r2">com.jakewharton.espresso:espresso:1.1-r2</a>. For some reason AS couldn't recognize Espresso classes after project synchronization. So every time I try to import <code>import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.Espresso.onView;</code> inside <code>androidTest</code> folder files it marks it as invalid.

Here's my build.gradle:

<pre><code>apply plugin: 'android'

android {
 compileSdkVersion 19
 buildToolsVersion '19.0.2'

 defaultConfig {
 minSdkVersion 14

 targetSdkVersion 19
 versionCode 1
 versionName "1.0"

 testInstrumentationRunner "com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner"
 }

 buildTypes {
 release {
 runProguard false
 proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.txt'
 }
 }
}

dependencies {
 compile 'com.squareup.dagger:dagger-compiler:1.2.1'
 compile 'com.squareup.dagger:dagger:1.2.1'

 androidTestCompile ('com.jakewharton.espresso:espresso:1.1-r2') {
 exclude group: 'com.squareup.dagger'
 }
}
</code></pre>

External libraries:

<img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/yXSve.jpg" alt="external libraries">

Android Studio doesn't recognize Espresso classes

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我正在运行Android Studio 0.5.0和Gradle 1.11。我正在尝试从安装Espresso库。由于某些原因，在项目同步之后无法识别Espresso类。因此，每当我试图在import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.Es...

问Android不承认Espresso类
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