问题:
在阿克卡演员身上积累状态的正确模式是什么?
上下文:
假设我有一些服务都返回数据。
class ServiceA extends Actor {
def receive = {
case _ => sender ! AResponse(100)
}
}
class ServiceB extends Actor {
def receive = {
case _ => sender ! BResponse("n")
}
}
// ...我希望有一个控制/监督参与者来协调与所有这些服务的对话,并跟踪他们的响应,然后用所有数据向原始发件人发送一个响应。
class Supervisor extends Actor {
def receive = {
case "begin" => begin
case AResponse(id) => ???
case BResponse(letter) => ???
}
// end goal:
def gotEverything(id: Int, letter: String) =
originalSender ! (id, letter)
def begin = {
ServiceA ! "a"
ServiceB ! "b"
}
}当服务响应进来时,我如何将所有的状态关联在一起?据我所知,如果我将AResponse的值分配给,比方说,var aResponse: Int,那么随着接收到不同的消息,这个var不断发生变化,我不可能在等待BResponse消息时依赖于var。
我意识到我可以使用ask和nest/flatMap Future,但从我所读到的来看,这是一个糟糕的模式。有没有办法在没有未来的情况下实现这一切?
发布于 2014-07-12 09:50:51
因为参与者从来不会同时从多个线程访问,所以您可以轻松地存储和更改它们中的任何状态。例如,您可以这样做:
class Supervisor extends Actor {
private var originalSender: Option[ActorRef] = None
private var id: Option[WhateverId] = None
private var letter: Option[WhateverLetter] = None
def everythingReceived = id.isDefined && letter.isDefined
def receive = {
case "begin" =>
this.originalSender = Some(sender)
begin()
case AResponse(id) =>
this.id = Some(id)
if (everythingReceived) gotEverything()
case BResponse(letter) =>
this.letter = Some(letter)
if (everythingReceived) gotEverything()
}
// end goal:
def gotEverything(): Unit = {
originalSender.foreach(_ ! (id.get, letter.get))
originalSender = None
id = None
letter = None
}
def begin(): Unit = {
ServiceA ! "a"
ServiceB ! "b"
}
}不过,还有更好的办法。您可以通过没有显式状态变量的参与者来模拟某种状态机。这是使用become()机制完成的。
class Supervisor extends Actor {
def receive = empty
def empty: Receive = {
case "begin" =>
AService ! "a"
BService ! "b"
context become noResponses(sender)
}
def noResponses(originalSender: ActorRef): Receive = {
case AResponse(id) => context become receivedId(originalSender, id)
case BResponse(letter) => context become receivedLetter(originalSender, letter)
}
def receivedId(originalSender: ActorRef, id: WhateverId): Receive = {
case AResponse(id) => context become receivedId(originalSender, id)
case BResponse(letter) => gotEverything(originalSender, id, letter)
}
def receivedLetter(originalSender: ActorRef, letter: WhateverLetter): Receive = {
case AResponse(id) => gotEverything(originalSender, id, letter)
case BResponse(letter) => context become receivedLetter(originalSender, letter)
}
// end goal:
def gotEverything(originalSender: ActorRef, id: Int, letter: String): Unit = {
originalSender ! (id, letter)
context become empty
}
}这可能稍微冗长一些,但它不包含显式变量;所有状态都隐式地包含在Receive方法的参数中,当需要更新此状态时,只需切换参与者的接收函数来反映这种新状态。
请注意,上面的代码非常简单,当有许多“原始发件人”时,它将不能正常工作。在这种情况下,您必须向所有消息添加一个id,并使用它们来确定哪些响应属于哪个“原始发送方”状态,或者您可以为每个“原始发送方”创建多个参与者。
发布于 2014-07-14 04:08:18
我相信Akka的方式是根据请求使用演员模式。这样,当您每次收到请求时,您可以找出对应于什么的响应,从而创建一个新的参与者。这很便宜,事实上,每次你问()时都会发生。
这些请求处理器(我就是这样称呼它们)通常有简单的响应字段。这仅仅是一个简单的空比较的问题,看看请求是否已经到达。
使用此方案,重试/失败也会容易得多。暂停也是。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24708096
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