blocks|key|102814|text|如果正在读取json文件，则可以使用json模块。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|102815|import+json

with+open('data.json')+as+f:++++
++++data+=+json.load(f)|code-block|syntax|javascript|102816|如果您确信正在读取的文件包含python字典，则可以使用内置的ast.literal_eval将这些字符串转换为Python字典：|102817|>>>+import+ast
>>>+a+=+ast.literal_eval("{'a'+:+'1',+'b'+:+'2'}")
>>>+a
{'a':+'1',+'b':+'2'}
>>>+type(a)
<type+'dict'>|102818|还有另一种方法，eval。但是使用ast.literal_eval会更好。这个回答会解释原因。|102819|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html|1|https://docs.python.org/2/library/ast.html#ast.literal_eval|2|https://stackoverflow.com/a/33753915/2932244^0|6|4|I|4|I|4|0|0|0|V|G|V|G|1|0|0|8|4|H|G|13|2|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|12|8|@$9|13|A|14|B|C]|$9|15|A|16|B|C]]|D|@$9|17|A|18|1|19]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|1A|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1B|8|@$9|1C|A|1D|B|C]]|D|@$9|1E|A|1F|1|1G]]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|1H|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1I|8|@$9|1J|A|1K|B|C]|$9|1L|A|1M|B|C]]|D|@$9|1N|A|1O|1|1P]]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|R|$S|$5|T|U|V|E|$W|X]]|Y|$5|T|U|V|E|$W|Z]]|10|$5|T|U|V|E|$W|11]]]]

If you are reading a <code>json</code> file then you can use the <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>json</code></a> module.

<pre><code>import json

with open('data.json') as f: 
 data = json.load(f)
</code></pre>

If you are sure that the file you are reading contains python dictionaries, then you can use the built-in <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/ast.html#ast.literal_eval" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>ast.literal_eval</code></a> to convert those strings to a Python dictionary:

<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; import ast
&gt;&gt;&gt; a = ast.literal_eval("{'a' : '1', 'b' : '2'}")
&gt;&gt;&gt; a
{'a': '1', 'b': '2'}
&gt;&gt;&gt; type(a)
&lt;type 'dict'&gt;
</code></pre>

There is an alternative method, <code>eval</code>. But using <code>ast.literal_eval</code> would be better. This <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/33753915/2932244">answer</a> will explain why.

blocks|key|149576|text|您可以使用json模块|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|149577|用于编写|style|BOLD|149578|import+json

data+=+["ID":+1,+date:+"2016-01-01",+"A":+{name:+"Steve",+id:+"534",+players:{last:+"Smith",+first:+"Joe",+job:+"IT"}}
with+open("out.json",+"w")+as+f:
++++json.dump(data)|code-block|syntax|javascript|149579|用于阅读|149580|import+json

with+open("out.json",+"w")+as+f:
++++data+=+json.load(f)
++++print+data|149581|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html^0|5|4|0|0|0|4|0|0|0|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@$A|Z|B|10|1|11]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|12|8|@$A|13|B|14|F|G]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|16|8|@$A|17|B|18|F|G]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|J|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$K|L]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|R|$S|$5|T|U|V|C|$W|X]]]]

You can use <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html" rel="nofollow">json</a> module

for Writing

<pre><code>import json

data = ["ID": 1, date: "2016-01-01", "A": {name: "Steve", id: "534", players:{last: "Smith", first: "Joe", job: "IT"}}
with open("out.json", "w") as f:
 json.dump(data)
</code></pre>

for Reading

<pre><code>import json

with open("out.json", "w") as f:
 data = json.load(f)
 print data
</code></pre>

blocks|key|102356|text|当您从文件中读取eval()时，只需使用它。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|102357|例如：|102358|>>>+f+=+open('file.txt',+'r').read()
>>>+mydict+=+eval(f)
>>>+type(f)
<class+'str'>
>>>+type(mydict)
<class+'dict'>|code-block|syntax|javascript|102359|entityMap^0|8|6|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|S|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$]]

Just use <code>eval()</code> when you read it from your file.

for example:

<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; f = open('file.txt', 'r').read()
&gt;&gt;&gt; mydict = eval(f)
&gt;&gt;&gt; type(f)
&lt;class 'str'&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; type(mydict)
&lt;class 'dict'&gt;
</code></pre>

blocks|key|149596|text|Python解释器认为您只是尝试将外部文件读取为文本。它不知道您的文件包含格式化的内容。作为字典轻松导入的一种方法是编写包含字典的第二个python文件：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|149597|#+mydict.py
myImportedDict+=+{
++++"ID":+1,+
++++"date":+"2016-01-01",+
++++"A":+{
++++++++"name":+"Steve",+
++++++++"id":+"534",+
++++++++"players":+{
++++++++++++"last":+"Smith",+
++++++++++++"first":+"Joe",+
++++++++++++"job":+"IT"
++++++++}
++++}
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|149598|然后，您可以导入字典并在另一个文件中使用它：|149599|#import_test.py
from+mydict+import+myImportedDict

print(type(myImportedDict))
print(myImportedDict)|149600|Python还要求包含导入文件的文件夹也包含一个名为|149601|__init__.py|149602|可以是空白的。因此，除了上面的两个文件之外，还要创建一个具有该名称的空白文件。|149603|如果源文件的格式是JSON格式，则可以使用json库，它附带了Python：https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html。|offset|length|149604|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|12|17|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@$S|1A|T|1B|1|1C]]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$W|$5|X|Y|Z|A|$10|11]]]]

The Python interpreter thinks you are just trying to read an external file as text. It does not know that your file contains formatted content. One way to import easily as a dictionary be to write a second python file that contains the dictionary:

<pre><code># mydict.py
myImportedDict = {
 "ID": 1, 
 "date": "2016-01-01", 
 "A": {
 "name": "Steve", 
 "id": "534", 
 "players": {
 "last": "Smith", 
 "first": "Joe", 
 "job": "IT"
 }
 }
}
</code></pre>

Then, you can import the dictionary and use it in another file:

<pre><code>#import_test.py
from mydict import myImportedDict

print(type(myImportedDict))
print(myImportedDict)
</code></pre>

Python also requires that folders containing imported files also contain a file called 

<pre><code>__init__.py
</code></pre>

which can be blank. So, create a blank file with that name in addition to the two files above. 

If your source file is meant to be in JSON format, you can use the json library instead, which comes packaged with Python: <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html" rel="nofollow">https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html</a>

I have a txt file that contains a dictionary in Python and I have opened it in the following manner:

<pre><code>with open('file') as f:
 test = list(f)
</code></pre>

The result when I look at test is a list of one element. This first element is a string of the dictionary (which also contains other dictionaries), so it looks like:

<pre><code>["ID": 1, date: "2016-01-01", "A": {name: "Steve", id: "534", players:{last: "Smith", first: "Joe", job: "IT"}}
</code></pre>

Is there any way to store this as the dictionary without having to find a way to determine the indices of the characters where the different keys and corresponding values begin/end? Or is it possible to read in the file in a way that recognizes the data as a dictionary?

Python Dictionary Stored as String in List

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我有一个包含Python字典的txt文件，并以以下方式打开它：with open('file') as f:    test = list(f)当我看测试时，结果是一个元素的列表。第一个元素是字典的一个字符串(其中还包含其他字典)，因此它看起来如下：["ID": 1, date: "2016-01-01", "A": ...

问作为字符串存储在列表中的Python字典
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问作为字符串存储在列表中的Python字典EN