如果我执行以下“连接”两个流的代码
Stream<Stream<Integer>>Stream<Stream<Integer>>减少Stream.concat()在这两种情况下,我都得到了相同的正确结果,但是过滤操作的次数是不同的。
public class FlatMapVsReduce {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
Predicate<Integer> predicate1 = i -> {
System.out.println("testing first condition with " + i);
return i == 3;
};
Predicate<Integer> predicate2 = i -> {
System.out.println("testing second condition with " + i);
return i == 7;
};
System.out.println("Testing with flatMap");
Integer result1 =
Stream.of(list.stream().filter(predicate1),
list.stream().filter(predicate2))
.flatMap(Function.identity())
.peek(i -> System.out.println("peeking " + i))
.findFirst()
.orElse(null);
System.out.println("result1 = " + result1);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Testing with reduce");
Integer result2 =
Stream.of(list.stream().filter(predicate1),
list.stream().filter(predicate2))
.reduce(Stream::concat)
.orElseGet(Stream::empty)
.peek(i -> System.out.println("peeking " + i))
.findFirst()
.orElse(null);
System.out.println("result2 = " + result2);
}
}我在这两种情况下都得到了预期的结果。但是,第一个操作对集合的每个元素应用第一个筛选器,而第二个操作在满足一个元素后立即停止。产出如下:
Testing with flatMap
testing first condition with 1
testing first condition with 2
testing first condition with 3
peeking 3
testing first condition with 4
testing first condition with 5
testing first condition with 6
testing first condition with 7
testing first condition with 8
testing first condition with 9
result1 = 3
Testing with reduce
testing first condition with 1
testing first condition with 2
testing first condition with 3
peeking 3
result2 = 3为什么两人的行为有区别?在第一个场景中,JDK代码能比第二个场景更高效吗?或者flatMap中有什么东西使得它不可能实现呢?
增编:以下备选方案与使用减缩的方法一样有效,但我仍然无法解释为什么:
Integer result3 = Stream.of(predicate1, predicate2)
.flatMap(c -> list.stream().filter(c).limit(1))
.peek(i -> System.out.println("peeking " + i))
.findFirst()
.orElse(null);
System.out.println("result3 = " + result3);发布于 2016-06-22 18:43:58
从flatMap in openJDK的实现来看,我理解的是flatMap将传入流的全部内容推入下游:
result.sequential().forEach(downstreamAsInt);另一方面,Stream::concat似乎在处理拉链,而不是立即发送所有内容。
我怀疑你的测试没有显示出全貌:
flatMap中,只有当第一个流耗尽时才考虑第二个流。reduce中,所有流都被推到最后的级联流中,因为在消耗输入流的所有内容之前,简化的对象是没有意义的。这意味着使用一个或另一个取决于您的输入有多复杂。如果您有一个无限的Stream<Stream<Integer>>,减少将永远不会完成。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37975549
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