问如何在bash中查找和打印特定字符

EN

$ cat file.txt
AA,A=14,B=356,C=845,D=4516
BB,A=65,C=255,D=841,E=5133,F=1428
CC,A=88,B=54,C=549,F=225

$ perl -F, -le '@k=(A..F);
   $op[0]=$F[0]; @op[1..6]=("-")x6;
   $j=0; for($i=1;$i<=$#F;){ if($F[$i] =~ m/$k[$j++]=/){$op[$j]=$F[$i]; $i++} }
   print join(",",@op)
   ' file.txt
AA,A=14,B=356,C=845,D=4516,-,-
BB,A=65,-,C=255,D=841,E=5133,F=1428
CC,A=88,B=54,C=549,-,-,F=225

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;

my @header = qw( A B C D E F );

my %to_idx = map +($header[$_] => $_), 0 .. $#header;

open my $IN, '<', shift or die $!;
while (<$IN>) {
    chomp;
    my @fields = split /,/;
    print shift @fields;
    my $next = 0;
    for my $field (@fields) {
        my ($name, $value) = split /=/, $field;
        print ',-' x ($to_idx{$name} - $next);
        print ",$name=$value";
        $next = $to_idx{$name} + 1;
    }
    print ',-' x (1 + $#header - $next);  # Missing trailing fields.
    print "\n"
}

BEGIN {                                  
    PROCINFO["sorted_in"]="@ind_str_asc" # order for for(i in a)
    for(i=65;i<=90;i++)                  # create the whole alphabet to array a[]
        a[sprintf("%c", i)]              # you could read the header and use that as well
}
{
    split($0,b,",")                      # split record by ","
    printf "%s", b[1]                    # printf first element (AA, BB...)
    delete b[1]                          # get rid of it
    for(i in b) 
        b[substr(b[i],1,1)]=b[i]         # take the first letter to use as index (A=12)
    for(i in a)                          # go thru alphabet and printf from b[]
        printf "%s%s", OFS, (i in b?b[i]:"-"); print ""
}

awk -v OFS=\, -f parsing.awk tbparsed.txt
AA,A=14,B=356,C=845,D=4516,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-
BB,A=65,-,C=255,D=841,E=5133,F=1428,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-
CC,A=88,B=54,C=549,-,-,F=225,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-