blocks|key|319590|text|您可以在一个application.properties(yml)+(如这里+)中根据配置文件指定属性。那么mvn+clean+spring-boot:run+-Dspring.profiles.active=dev应该正确运行它。对我来说很管用|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|319591|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/boot-features-external-config.html#boot-features-external-config-profile-specific-properties^0|1I|1I|10|2|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@$9|O|A|P|B|C]]|D|@$9|Q|A|R|1|S]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|E|$L|M]]]]

You can specify properties according profiles in one application.properties(yml) like <a href="http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/boot-features-external-config.html#boot-features-external-config-profile-specific-properties" rel="nofollow">here</a>. Then 
<code>mvn clean spring-boot:run -Dspring.profiles.active=dev</code> should run it correct. It works for me

blocks|key|510594|text|我不确定我是否完全理解这个问题，但我将尝试通过提供关于Spring中的概要文件的一些细节来回答这个问题。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|510595|对于您的第一个示例，可以根据文档使用Spring插件使用-Drun.profiles选择配置文件。|offset|length|style|CODE|510596|编辑：2.0%2B+run已改名为spring-boot.run，run.profiles已改名为spring-boot.run.profiles|BOLD|510597|mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring-boot.run.profiles=dev|code-block|syntax|javascript|510598|https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.1.RELEASE/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html|510599|从第二个示例中，您将在jar名称之后定义活动概要文件。您需要在运行的jar名称之前提供JVM参数。|510600|java+-jar+-Dspring.profiles.active=dev+XXX.jar|510601|一般信息：|510602|您提到您同时拥有一个application.yml和一个application-dev.yml。使用dev配置文件运行将实际加载两个配置文件。来自application-dev.yml的值将覆盖application.yml提供的相同值，但来自两个yml文件的值将被加载。|510603|还有多种方法来定义活动配置文件。|510604|您可以在运行jar时使用-Dspring.profiles.active定义它们。还可以使用SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE环境变量或spring.profiles.active系统属性设置配置文件。|510605|更多信息可以在这里找到：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto.html#howto-set-active-spring-profiles|510606|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|1|https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto.html#howto-set-active-spring-profiles^0|0|S|E|0|0|2|8|3|F|F|V|C|1B|O|0|0|0|2L|0|0|0|0|0|A|F|S|J|1E|3|21|J|2P|F|3G|3|0|0|C|O|1A|M|21|M|0|C|2Y|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|1F|8|@$D|1G|E|1H|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1I|8|@$D|1J|E|1K|F|J]|$D|1L|E|1M|F|G]|$D|1N|E|1O|F|G]|$D|1P|E|1Q|F|G]|$D|1R|E|1S|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|M|7|1T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$N|O]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@$D|1V|E|1W|1|1X]]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|M|7|1Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$N|O]]|$1|V|3|W|5|6|7|20|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|X|3|Y|5|6|7|21|8|@$D|22|E|23|F|G]|$D|24|E|25|F|G]|$D|26|E|27|F|G]|$D|28|E|29|F|G]|$D|2A|E|2B|F|G]|$D|2C|E|2D|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Z|3|10|5|6|7|2E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|12|5|6|7|2F|8|@$D|2G|E|2H|F|G]|$D|2I|E|2J|F|G]|$D|2K|E|2L|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|13|3|14|5|6|7|2M|8|@]|9|@$D|2N|E|2O|1|2P]]|A|$]]|$1|15|3|-4|5|6|7|2Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|16|$17|$5|18|19|1A|A|$1B|Q]]|1C|$5|18|19|1A|A|$1B|1D]]]]

I'm not sure I fully understand the question but I'll attempt to answer by providing a few details about profiles in Spring Boot.
For your #1 example, according to the docs you can select the profile using the Spring Boot Maven plugin using <code>-Drun.profiles</code>.
Edit: For Spring Boot 2.0+ <code>run</code> has been renamed to <code>spring-boot.run</code> and <code>run.profiles</code> has been renamed to <code>spring-boot.run.profiles</code>
<pre><code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.profiles=dev
</code></pre>
<a href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.1.RELEASE/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html" rel="noreferrer">https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.1.RELEASE/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html</a>
From your #2 example, you are defining the active profile after the name of the jar. You need to provide the JVM argument before the name of the jar you are running.
<pre><code>java -jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev XXX.jar
</code></pre>
General info:
You mention that you have both an <code>application.yml</code> and a <code>application-dev.yml</code>. Running with the <code>dev</code> profile will actually load both config files. Values from <code>application-dev.yml</code> will override the same values provided by <code>application.yml</code> but values from both <code>yml</code> files will be loaded.
There are also multiple ways to define the active profile.
You can define them as you did, using <code>-Dspring.profiles.active</code> when running your jar. You can also set the profile using a <code>SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE</code> environment variable or a <code>spring.profiles.active</code> system property.
More info can be found here:
<a href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto.html#howto-set-active-spring-profiles" rel="noreferrer">https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto.html#howto-set-active-spring-profiles</a>

blocks|key|510619|text|为此您不需要三个.yml文件。您可以有一个application.yml文件，并在相同的情况下写入配置文件特定的属性，其中每个配置文件部分由3个连字符(--)分隔。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|510620|接下来，为了选择当前的活动配置文件，您也可以在application.yml文件中指定它，如下所示：|510621|spring:
++profiles:
++++active:
++++-+local|code-block|syntax|javascript|510622|但是，如果设置了一个环境变量，例如:+SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE+=+dev，则此配置将被覆盖。|510623|以下是您所需的示例文件：|510624|#+include+common+properties+for+every+profile+in+this+section

server.port:+5000+

spring:
++profiles:
++++active:
++++-+local

---
#+profile+specific+properties

spring:
++profiles:+local

++datasource:
++++url:+jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/
++++username:+root
++++password:+root

---
#+profile+specific+properties

spring:
++profiles:+dev

++datasource:
++++url:+jdbc:mysql://<dev+db+url>
++++username:+<username>
++++password:+<password>|510625|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|F|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

You don't need three .yml files for this. You can have a single application.yml file and write profile specific properties in the same where each profile section is separated by 3 hyphen (---)

Next, for selecting the current active profile, you can specify that as well in your application.yml file, like this :

<pre><code>spring:
 profiles:
 active:
 - local
</code></pre>

However, this configuration will be overriden if you set an Environment variable, eg :
SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE = dev

<hr>

Here is a sample file for you requirement:

<pre><code># include common properties for every profile in this section

server.port: 5000 

spring:
 profiles:
 active:
 - local

---
# profile specific properties

spring:
 profiles: local

 datasource:
 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/
 username: root
 password: root

---
# profile specific properties

spring:
 profiles: dev

 datasource:
 url: jdbc:mysql://&lt;dev db url&gt;
 username: &lt;username&gt;
 password: &lt;password&gt;
</code></pre>

blocks|key|510638|text|如果您正在使用插件，请运行：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|510639|mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring-boot.run.profiles=foo,bar|code-block|syntax|javascript|510640|(https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html)|offset|length|510641|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html^0|0|0|1|2F|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$I|V|J|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]]]

If you are using the Spring Boot Maven Plugin, run:

<pre><code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.profiles=foo,bar
</code></pre>

(<a href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html" rel="noreferrer">https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html</a>)

blocks|key|319706|text|@Profile注释允许您在一个或多个指定配置文件处于活动状态时指示组件有资格注册。使用上面的示例，我们可以重写dataSource配置如下：|type|blockquote|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|319707|@Configuration
@Profile("dev")
public+class+StandaloneDataConfig+{

++++@Bean
++++public+DataSource+dataSource()+{
++++++++return+new+EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
++++++++++++.setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.HSQL)
++++++++++++.addScript("classpath:com/bank/config/sql/schema.sql")
++++++++++++.addScript("classpath:com/bank/config/sql/test-data.sql")
++++++++++++.build();
++++}
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|319708|和其他一项：|unstyled|319709|@Configuration
@Profile("production")
public+class+JndiDataConfig+{

++++@Bean(destroyMethod="")
++++public+DataSource+dataSource()+throws+Exception+{
++++++++Context+ctx+=+new+InitialContext();
++++++++return+(DataSource)+ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/datasource");
++++}
}|319710|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|I|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|D|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|I|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|M|$]]

<blockquote>
 The @Profile annotation allows you to indicate that a component is
 eligible for registration when one or more specified profiles are
 active. Using our example above, we can rewrite the dataSource
 configuration as follows:
</blockquote>

<pre><code>@Configuration
@Profile("dev")
public class StandaloneDataConfig {

 @Bean
 public DataSource dataSource() {
 return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
 .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.HSQL)
 .addScript("classpath:com/bank/config/sql/schema.sql")
 .addScript("classpath:com/bank/config/sql/test-data.sql")
 .build();
 }
}
</code></pre>

And other one:

<pre><code>@Configuration
@Profile("production")
public class JndiDataConfig {

 @Bean(destroyMethod="")
 public DataSource dataSource() throws Exception {
 Context ctx = new InitialContext();
 return (DataSource) ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/datasource");
 }
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|319787|text|在资源目录中为每个环境(例如:+dev、qa、stg等)创建特定的.yml文件。你需要运行应用程序。资源目录中.yml文件的图像|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|319788|如果您在pom.xml文件中使用spring+maven-plugin+2.0.5.RELEASE，您可以按照以下方式在依赖项标记中添加配置文件。pom.xml+spring-boot-maven-plugin映像+(您可以使用多个配置文件标记配置多个配置文件)|319789|然后，您可以使用以下命令构建和运行项目。|319790|1)+mvn+clean+install
2)+mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring-boot.run.default==qa|code-block|syntax|javascript|319791|然后，您将看到在运行项目时，默认配置文件设置为qa。运行应用程序时显示默认配置文件|319792|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://i.stack.imgur.com/7fjec.png|1|https://i.stack.imgur.com/1Awql.png|2|https://i.stack.imgur.com/TM64B.png^0|1E|E|0|0|21|Y|1|0|0|0|Q|F|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$A|11|B|12|1|13]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@$A|15|B|16|1|17]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@$A|1B|B|1C|1|1D]]|C|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|V]]|W|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|X]]|Y|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|Z]]]]

Create specific .yml files in the resources directory for each and every environment(Eg: dev,qa,stg etc.) that you need to run the application.
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/7fjec.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">image of .yml files in resources directory</a>

If you are using spring-boot-maven-plugin 2.0.5.RELEASE in your pom.xml file you can add the profiles within the dependency tag as follows.
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/1Awql.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">image of pom.xml spring-boot-maven-plugin</a>
(you can configure multiple profiles using multiple profile tags)

Then you can use the following commands to build and run the project.

<pre><code>1) mvn clean install
2) mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.default==qa
</code></pre>

Then you will see that the default profile is set as qa while running the project.
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/TM64B.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">displaying the default profile when running the application</a>

blocks|key|510813|text|如果您正在使用maven，请在pom.xml中定义您的配置文件，如下所示|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|510814|<profiles>
<profile>
++++<id>local</id>
++++<activation>
++++++++<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
++++</activation>
++++<properties>
++++++++<jdbc.url>dbUrl</jdbc.url>
++++++++<jdbc.username>dbuser</jdbc.username>
++++++++<jdbc.password>dbPassword</jdbc.password>
++++++++<jdbc.driver>dbDriver</jdbc.driver>
++++</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
++++<id>dev</id>
++++<properties>
++++++++<jdbc.url>dbUrl</jdbc.url>
++++++++<jdbc.username>dbuser</jdbc.username>
++++++++<jdbc.password>dbPassword</jdbc.password>
++++++++<jdbc.driver>dbDriver</jdbc.driver>
++++</properties>
++++<dependencies>
++++++++<dependency>
++++++++++++<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
++++++++++++<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
++++++++</dependency>
++++</dependencies>
</profile>
<profile>
++++<id>prod</id>
++++<properties>
++++++++<jdbc.url>dbUrl</jdbc.url>
++++++++<jdbc.username>dbuser</jdbc.username>
++++++++<jdbc.password>dbPassword</jdbc.password>
++++++++<jdbc.driver>dbDriver</jdbc.driver>
++++</properties>
</profile>|code-block|syntax|javascript|510815|​|510816|默认情况下，如果没有选择配置文件，则将始终使用本地配置文件。|510817|若要在SpringBoot2.x.x中选择特定的配置文件，请使用以下命令。|510818|mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring-boot.run.profiles=dev|510819|如果希望使用特定配置文件的属性构建/编译，请使用以下命令。|510820|mvn+clean+install+-Pdev+-DprofileIdEnabled=true|510821|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|T|$]]

If you are using maven, define your profiles as shown below within your pom.xml

<pre><code>&lt;profiles&gt;
&lt;profile&gt;
 &lt;id&gt;local&lt;/id&gt;
 &lt;activation&gt;
 &lt;activeByDefault&gt;true&lt;/activeByDefault&gt;
 &lt;/activation&gt;
 &lt;properties&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.url&gt;dbUrl&lt;/jdbc.url&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.username&gt;dbuser&lt;/jdbc.username&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.password&gt;dbPassword&lt;/jdbc.password&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.driver&gt;dbDriver&lt;/jdbc.driver&gt;
 &lt;/properties&gt;
&lt;/profile&gt;
&lt;profile&gt;
 &lt;id&gt;dev&lt;/id&gt;
 &lt;properties&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.url&gt;dbUrl&lt;/jdbc.url&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.username&gt;dbuser&lt;/jdbc.username&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.password&gt;dbPassword&lt;/jdbc.password&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.driver&gt;dbDriver&lt;/jdbc.driver&gt;
 &lt;/properties&gt;
 &lt;dependencies&gt;
 &lt;dependency&gt;
 &lt;groupId&gt;org.postgresql&lt;/groupId&gt;
 &lt;artifactId&gt;postgresql&lt;/artifactId&gt;
 &lt;/dependency&gt;
 &lt;/dependencies&gt;
&lt;/profile&gt;
&lt;profile&gt;
 &lt;id&gt;prod&lt;/id&gt;
 &lt;properties&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.url&gt;dbUrl&lt;/jdbc.url&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.username&gt;dbuser&lt;/jdbc.username&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.password&gt;dbPassword&lt;/jdbc.password&gt;
 &lt;jdbc.driver&gt;dbDriver&lt;/jdbc.driver&gt;
 &lt;/properties&gt;
&lt;/profile&gt;
</code></pre>



By default, i.e if No profile is selected, the local profile will always be use.

To select a specific profile in Spring Boot 2.x.x, use the below command.

<pre><code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.profiles=dev
</code></pre>

If you want want to build/compile using properties of a specific profile, use the below command.

<pre><code>mvn clean install -Pdev -DprofileIdEnabled=true
</code></pre>

blocks|key|2240126|text|mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring-boot.run.profiles=foo,bar|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|BOLD|CODE|entityRanges|data|2240127|**资料来源-+**https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html|2240128|基本上，当您的项目中存在多个应用程序-{environment}.properties时，它是必需的。默认情况下，如果在命令行上传递-Drun.profiles或在|2240129|+<profile>
++++<id>dev</id>
++++<properties>
++++++++<activatedProperties>dev</activatedProperties>
++++</properties>
++++<activation>
++++++++<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
++++</activation>
</profile>|code-block|syntax|javascript|2240130|没有像上面定义的那样，默认情况下它将选择application.properties，否则您需要追加-Drun.profiles={dev/stage/prod}来进行选择。|2240131|TL;DR|2240132|mvn+spring-boot:run+-Drun.profiles=dev|2240133|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html^0|0|1I|0|1I|0|A|2F|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|12|0|12|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|13|8|@$9|14|A|15|B|C]|$9|16|A|17|B|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|18|8|@]|E|@$9|19|A|1A|1|1B]]|F|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|E|@]|F|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|M|7|1D|8|@]|E|@]|F|$N|O]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|E|@]|F|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|E|@]|F|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|1G|8|@$9|1H|A|1I|B|C]|$9|1J|A|1K|B|D]]|E|@]|F|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|1L|8|@]|E|@]|F|$]]]|W|$X|$5|Y|Z|10|F|$11|12]]]]

<code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.profiles=foo,bar</code>

**Source- **<a href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/maven-plugin/examples/run-profiles.html</a>

Basically it is need when you multiple application-{environment}.properties is present inside in your project. by default, if you passed -Drun.profiles on command line or activeByDefault true in 

<pre><code> &lt;profile&gt;
 &lt;id&gt;dev&lt;/id&gt;
 &lt;properties&gt;
 &lt;activatedProperties&gt;dev&lt;/activatedProperties&gt;
 &lt;/properties&gt;
 &lt;activation&gt;
 &lt;activeByDefault&gt;true&lt;/activeByDefault&gt;
 &lt;/activation&gt;
&lt;/profile&gt;
</code></pre>

Nothing defined like above it will choose by default application.properties otherwise you need to select by appending -Drun.profiles={dev/stage/prod}.

TL;DR

<code>mvn spring-boot:run -Drun.profiles=dev</code>

blocks|key|510889|text|使用Intellij，因为我不知道如何将键盘快捷方式设置为mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring.profiles.active=dev，所以我必须这样做：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|510890|<plugin>
++++<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
++++<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
++++<configuration>
++++++++<jvmArguments>
++++++++++++-Dspring.profiles.active=dev
++++++++</jvmArguments>
++++</configuration>
</plugin>|code-block|syntax|javascript|510891|entityMap^0|T|1C|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

Working with Intellij, because I don't know how to set keyboard shortcut to <code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring.profiles.active=dev</code>, I have to do this:

<pre><code>&lt;plugin&gt;
 &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
 &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-maven-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
 &lt;configuration&gt;
 &lt;jvmArguments&gt;
 -Dspring.profiles.active=dev
 &lt;/jvmArguments&gt;
 &lt;/configuration&gt;
&lt;/plugin&gt;
</code></pre>

blocks|key|2240231|text|在Intellij中使用“-DSpring-boot.run.profile=foo，local”。起作用了。它设置了2个配置文件"foo和local“。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2240232|用引导版本"2.3.2.RELEASE“和Intellij+2019.3进行验证。|2240233|<build>
++++++++<plugins>
++++++++++++<plugin>
++++++++++++++++<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
++++++++++++++++<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
++++++++++++</plugin>
++++++++</plugins>
++++</build>|code-block|syntax|javascript|2240234|设置配置文件"mvn+spring-boot:run"|offset|length|style|BOLD|2240235|📷|atomic|2240236|​|2240237|设置环境变量|2240238|2240239|2240240|entityMap|0|IMAGE|mutability|IMMUTABLE|imageUrl|https://developer.qcloudimg.com/http-save/yehe-900000/bc09ea18bc6e095c7f64a6c77932f738.png|imageAlt|1|https://developer.qcloudimg.com/http-save/yehe-900000/9119282a4627a5f0d66b05912c23761d.png^0|0|0|0|0|R|0|0|1|0|0|0|0|6|0|0|1|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|1B|8|@$K|1C|L|1D|M|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|Q|7|1E|8|@]|9|@$K|1F|L|1G|1|1H]]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|1J|8|@$K|1K|L|1L|M|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|P|5|Q|7|1M|8|@]|9|@$K|1N|L|1O|1|1P]]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|S|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|X|3|-4|5|6|7|1R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|Y|$Z|$5|10|11|12|A|$13|14|15|-4]]|16|$5|10|11|12|A|$13|17|15|-4]]]]

Use &quot;-Dspring-boot.run.profiles=foo,local&quot; in Intellij IDEA. It's working. Its sets 2 profiles &quot;foo and local&quot;.
Verified with boot version &quot;2.3.2.RELEASE&quot; &amp; Intellij IDEA CE 2019.3.
<pre><code>&lt;build&gt;
 &lt;plugins&gt;
 &lt;plugin&gt;
 &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
 &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-maven-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
 &lt;/plugin&gt;
 &lt;/plugins&gt;
 &lt;/build&gt;

</code></pre>
Setting profile with &quot;mvn spring-boot:run&quot;
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/u5hSu.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/u5hSu.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a>
Setting environment variable
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/zYQsv.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/zYQsv.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a>

blocks|key|2240270|text|如果你用了maven，|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2240271|<build>
++++++++<plugins>
++++++++++++<plugin>
++++++++++++++++<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
++++++++++++++++<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
++++++++++++++++<configuration>
++++++++++++++++++++<profiles>
++++++++++++++++++++++++<profile>dev</profile>
++++++++++++++++++++</profiles>
++++++++++++++++</configuration>
++++++++++++</plugin>
++++++++</plugins>
++++</build>|code-block|syntax|javascript|2240272|此集dev作为活动配置文件。|2240273|./mvnw+spring-boot:run|2240274|将开发人员作为活动配置文件。|2240275|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

If your using maven,
<pre class="lang-xml prettyprint-override"><code>&lt;build&gt;
 &lt;plugins&gt;
 &lt;plugin&gt;
 &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
 &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-maven-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
 &lt;configuration&gt;
 &lt;profiles&gt;
 &lt;profile&gt;dev&lt;/profile&gt;
 &lt;/profiles&gt;
 &lt;/configuration&gt;
 &lt;/plugin&gt;
 &lt;/plugins&gt;
 &lt;/build&gt;
</code></pre>
this set dev as active profile
<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>./mvnw spring-boot:run
</code></pre>
will have dev as active profile.

blocks|key|511083|text|自春季起启动v2%2B|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|BOLD|entityRanges|data|511084|下面的备选方案适用于SpringBootv2.0.0和更新版本。|511085|与Spring插件|511086|您可以提供这样的命令行参数：|511087|mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring-boot.run.arguments="--spring.profiles.active=dev"|CODE|511088|您可以提供这样的JVM参数：|511089|mvn+spring-boot:run+-Dspring-boot.run.jvmArguments="-Dspring.profiles.active=dev"|511090|java+-jar|511091|java+-Dspring.profiles.active=dev+-jar+app.jar+(VM+param)|511092|或|511093|java+-jar+app.jar+--spring.profiles.active=dev+(程序param)|511094|--关于Windows+的一个注记|511095|Powershell将需要像这里所示的那样用双引号换行，否则会导致错误，因为它解释句点：java+-D"spring.profiles.active=dev"+-jar+app.jar。|511096|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.4.0/maven-plugin/reference/htmlsingle/#goals-run-parameters-details-commandlineArguments|1|https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.4.0/maven-plugin/reference/htmlsingle/#goals-run-parameters-details-jvmArguments^0|0|9|0|0|0|9|0|8|5|0|0|0|26|0|8|5|1|0|0|29|0|0|9|0|0|1A|0|0|0|1A|0|0|C|0|18|1C|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1E|8|@$9|1F|A|1G|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1I|8|@$9|1J|A|1K|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1L|8|@]|D|@$9|1M|A|1N|1|1O]]|E|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1P|8|@$9|1Q|A|1R|B|N]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1S|8|@]|D|@$9|1T|A|1U|1|1V]]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1W|8|@$9|1X|A|1Y|B|N]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1Z|8|@$9|20|A|21|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|22|8|@$9|23|A|24|B|N]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|25|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|26|8|@$9|27|A|28|B|N]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|10|3|11|5|6|7|29|8|@$9|2A|A|2B|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|12|3|13|5|6|7|2C|8|@$9|2D|A|2E|B|N]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|14|3|-4|5|6|7|2F|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|15|$16|$5|17|18|19|E|$1A|1B]]|1C|$5|17|18|19|E|$1A|1D]]]]

Since Spring Boot v2+
Alternatives below works with Spring Boot v2.0.0 and newer.
With Spring Boot Maven Plugin
You can provide <a href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.4.0/maven-plugin/reference/htmlsingle/#goals-run-parameters-details-commandlineArguments" rel="noreferrer">commandline argument</a> like this:
<code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.arguments=&quot;--spring.profiles.active=dev&quot;</code>
You can provide <a href="https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.4.0/maven-plugin/reference/htmlsingle/#goals-run-parameters-details-jvmArguments" rel="noreferrer">JVM argument</a> like this:
<code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.jvmArguments=&quot;-Dspring.profiles.active=dev&quot;</code>
java -jar
<code>java -Dspring.profiles.active=dev -jar app.jar</code>
(VM param)
or
<code>java -jar app.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev</code> (program param)
A note on Windows Powershell
Powershell will require you to wrap in double quotes like shown here since it otherwise will result in an error because of how it interpret a period:
<code>java -D&quot;spring.profiles.active=dev&quot; -jar app.jar</code>

blocks|key|320125|text|或者，可以通过添加行直接在application.properties文件中指定配置文件：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|320126|spring.profiles.active=prod|320127|配置文件与Spring属性文件一起工作。默认情况下，Spring解析一个名为application.properties的文件(位于src/main/resources目录中)以标识配置信息。|320128|我们的第一项任务将是在该文件中添加一个参数，该参数将告诉Spring使用与活动配置文件(即应用程序当前正在运行的配置文件)对应的不同环境特定的属性文件。我们可以通过在application.properties文件中添加以下内容来做到这一点：|320129|spring.profiles.active=@activatedProperties@|320130|现在，我们需要创建两个特定于环境的新属性文件(在与现有application.properties文件相同的路径中)，一个由DEV使用，另一个由PROD配置文件使用。这些文件需要命名如下：|320131|application-dev.properties|320132|application-prod.properties|320133|在每种情况下，我们都将prod指定为活动配置文件，这将导致为配置目的选择application-prod.properties文件。|320134|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|S|$]]

Alternatively, the profile can be directly specified in the application.properties file by adding the line:
spring.profiles.active=prod
Profiles work in conjunction with Spring Boot properties files. By default, Spring Boot parses a file called application.properties – located in the src/main/resources directory – to identify configuration information.
Our first task will be to add a parameter in that file which will tell Spring to use a different environment-specific property file corresponding to the active profile (i.e. the profile that the app is currently being run with). We can do this by adding the following to the application.properties file:
spring.profiles.active=@activatedProperties@
Now we need to create the two new environment-specific property files (in the same path as the existing application.properties file), one to be used by the DEV profile and one to be used by the PROD profile. These files need to be named the following:
application-dev.properties
application-prod.properties
In each case, we specify prod as the active profile, which causes the application-prod.properties file to be chosen for configuration purposes.

i have <code>application.yml</code>,<code>application-dev.yml</code>and<code>application-dev.yml</code>

<ol>
<li>I'm using the maven command <code>mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring.profiles.active=dev</code> it doesn't work and I can not choose the dev profile using <code>mvn spring-boot:run</code>. How do I choose it?</li>
<li>The documentation says <code>java -jar XXX.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev</code> works, and I tried <code>-Dspring.profiles.active=dev</code> but it does not work. And in my project, i use <code>java -jar XXX.jar</code> it runs, but if I use <code>java -jar XXX.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev</code> to choose dev profile, console print so many logs and warns that i never see used <code>java -jar XXX.jar</code>,and tell me <code>APPLICATION FAILED TO START</code> </li>
</ol>

so how to solve two problems? thanks~

how to use Spring Boot profiles

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我有application.yml，application-dev.yml和application-dev.yml我使用的是maven命令mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring.profiles.active=dev，它不能工作，也不能使用mvn spring-boot:run选择开发概要文件。我该怎...

问如何使用Spring配置文件
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