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社区首页 >问答首页 >RuntimeError: LaTeX无法处理以下字符串:r‘’lb‘

问RuntimeError: LaTeX无法处理以下字符串:r‘’lb‘
EN

Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2017-03-02 03:25:18
回答 1查看 6.1K关注 0票数 1

这里也有类似的问题，但似乎没有一个能解决所有这些问题。如果我在matplotlib网站上复制并粘贴演示代码，在Windows上使用朱庇特笔记本或Anaconda：

代码语言：javascript
运行
复制
"""
Demo of TeX rendering.

You can use TeX to render all of your matplotlib text if the rc
parameter text.usetex is set.  This works currently on the agg and ps
backends, and requires that you have tex and the other dependencies
described at http://matplotlib.org/users/usetex.html
properly installed on your system.  The first time you run a script
you will see a lot of output from tex and associated tools.  The next
time, the run may be silent, as a lot of the information is cached in
~/.tex.cache

"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


# Example data
t = np.arange(0.0, 1.0 + 0.01, 0.01)
s = np.cos(4 * np.pi * t) + 2

plt.rc('text', usetex=True)
plt.rc('font', family='serif')
plt.plot(t, s)

plt.xlabel(r'\textbf{time} (s)')
plt.ylabel(r'\textit{voltage} (mV)',fontsize=16)
plt.title(r"\TeX\ is Number "
          r"$\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{-e^{i\pi}}{2^n}$!",
          fontsize=16, color='gray')
# Make room for the ridiculously large title.
plt.subplots_adjust(top=0.8)

plt.savefig('tex_demo')
plt.show()

我得到以下错误(注意:类似的问题，无论是运行Python3.x还是2.7x)。

代码语言：javascript
运行
复制
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "demo.py", line 34, in <module>
    plt.savefig('tex_demo')
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 688, in savefig
    res = fig.savefig(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1565, in savefig
    self.canvas.print_figure(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py", line 2232, in print_figure
    **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 527, in print_png
    FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 474, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 61, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1159, in draw
    func(*args)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 61, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 2324, in draw
    a.draw(renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 61, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/axis.py", line 1108, in draw
    renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/axis.py", line 1058, in _get_tick_bboxes
    extent = tick.label1.get_window_extent(renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/text.py", line 961, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/text.py", line 352, in _get_layout
    ismath=False)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 229, in get_text_width_height_descent
    renderer=self)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/texmanager.py", line 675, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/texmanager.py", line 422, in make_dvi
    report))
RuntimeError: LaTeX was not able to process the following string:
b'lp'
Here is the full report generated by LaTeX:

这种情况发生在运行在Windows或Linux上的iPython笔记本上。但是，当我在bash中运行这个程序时，我使用：

python3 demo.py

我在stderr输出中得到了这个小宝石：

sh: 1:胶乳:找不到

此错误未出现在Windows或PowerShell中，而仅出现在GNU/Linux中。显然，安装pylatex或其他pylatex工具实际上并不会安装latex本身，并且可能会导致您没有收到告诉您它没有安装的错误。希望这能帮助到其他人。

一旦我安装了LaTex (在Ubuntu上使用sudo apt install latex )，我就重新运行演示：

python3 demo.py

现在我明白了：

代码语言：javascript
运行
复制
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "demo.py", line 34, in <module>
    plt.savefig('tex_demo')
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 688, in savefig
    res = fig.savefig(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1565, in savefig
    self.canvas.print_figure(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py", line 2232, in print_figure
    **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 527, in print_png
    FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 474, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 61, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1159, in draw
    func(*args)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 61, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 2324, in draw
    a.draw(renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 61, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/axis.py", line 1108, in draw
    renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/axis.py", line 1058, in _get_tick_bboxes
    extent = tick.label1.get_window_extent(renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/text.py", line 961, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/text.py", line 352, in _get_layout
    ismath=False)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 229, in get_text_width_height_descent
    renderer=self)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/texmanager.py", line 675, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/texmanager.py", line 422, in make_dvi
    report))
RuntimeError: LaTeX was not able to process the following string:
b'lp'
Here is the full report generated by LaTeX: 

This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.16 (TeX Live 2015/Debian) (preloaded format=latex)
 restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(./710670ddfec8e192b546b57b05284e6c.tex
LaTeX2e <2016/02/01>
Babel <3.9q> and hyphenation patterns for 3 language(s) loaded.
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo))

! LaTeX Error: File `type1cm.sty' not found.

Type X to quit or <RETURN> to proceed,
or enter new name. (Default extension: sty)

Enter file name: 
! Emergency stop.
<read *> 

l.3 \renewcommand
                 {\rmdefault}{pnc}^^M
No pages of output.
Transcript written on 710670ddfec8e192b546b57b05284e6c.log.

这似乎将问题减少到与Python:无法在Matplotlib中呈现Tex和运行sudo apt install dvipng texlive-latex-extra texlive-fonts-recommended的问题相同(同样是在Ubuntu上，但是在Mac上安装附加包应该有类似的效果)。

不幸的是，我还没有弄清楚如何在Windows下修复这个问题(特别是Windows下的木星笔记本)，而且由于我有许多使用Windows的学生，所以非常感谢您的帮助。

python
matplotlib
EN

回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2017-03-02 04:32:36

在Windows中手动下载和安装所需的库：鬼脚本和MiKTeX。dvipng将在MiKTeX安装文件夹的bin文件夹中可用。在使用Python之前，确认它们在您的windows路径上并独立工作。

票数 0
EN
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42546265

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