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问：未能构建模块_ssl和_hashlib
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Stack Overflow用户

提问于 2017-06-27 20:36:31

回答 1查看 22.6K关注 0票数 16

通过将源代码安装到我的RHEL4框中，我将python2.7.13添加为altinstall

wget --no-check-certificate https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tar.xz
tar -xvzf Python2.7.13.tar.xz
cd Python2.7.13
./configure --with-ensurepip=install
make
make test
make altinstall

这样，我就不会覆盖其他用途所需的默认python。Python2.7.13将成功安装，但缺少了我正在处理的项目的几个基本模块。

最初，_ssl和_haslib模块将在本节中出错。

Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:
_bsddb             _sqlite3           _tkinter
bsddb185           dbm                dl
gdbm               imageop            sunaudiodev

To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.

我安装了openssl，并确保它们位于python寻找它们的默认位置，所以现在我有了必要的部分，但是它以下面的消息结尾。

Failed to build these modules:
_hashlib           _ssl

下面是解压缩的python包中python2.7 setup.py build的全部输出。我一直在搜索谷歌和我能找到的任何地方，但是到目前为止，我在任何事情上都没有成功。

running build
running build_ext
INFO: Can't locate Tcl/Tk libs and/or headers
building '_ssl' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/local/ssl/include -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c /Python/Modules/_ssl.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_ssl.o
/Python/Modules/_ssl.c:57: warning: ignoring #pragma GCC diagnostic
/Python/Modules/_ssl.c: In function ‘_setup_ssl_threads’:
/Python/Modules/_ssl.c:4012: warning: comparison is always false due to limited range of data type
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_ssl.o -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_ssl.so
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/ssl/lib/libssl.a(s3_meth.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/local/ssl/lib/libssl.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
building '_hashlib' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/local/ssl/include -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c /Python/Modules/_hashopenssl.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_hashopenssl.o
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_hashopenssl.o -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_hashlib.so
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/ssl/lib/libcrypto.a(o_names.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/local/ssl/lib/libcrypto.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:
_bsddb             _sqlite3           _tkinter
bsddb185           dbm                dl
gdbm               imageop            sunaudiodev
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.


Failed to build these modules:
_hashlib           _ssl

 running build_scripts

当我尝试使用与python2.7.13一起安装的pip时，我会得到一个SSL错误，所以我已经从源代码(如cx_Oracle和CherryPy )安装了我的所有包和其他模块。

pip2.7 install cffi
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting cffi
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/cffi/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available. - skipping
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement cffi (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for cffi

我还尝试手动添加ssl模块。

wget --no-check-certificate https://pypi.python.org/packages/83/21/f469c9923235f8c36d5fd5334ed11e2681abad7e0032c5aba964dcaf9bbb/ssl-1.16.tar.gz#md5=fb12d335d56f3c8c7c1fefc1c06c4bfb
tar -xvzf ssl-1.16.tar.gz
cd ssl-1.16
python2.7 setup.py build

但我得到一个错误，即它不应该用于超过2.6的python

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 12, in <module>
    + "or earlier.")
ValueError: This extension should not be used with Python 2.6 or later (already built in), and has not been tested with Python 2.3.4 or earlier.

编辑

我四处寻找解决方案，在仔细研究了setup.py build的输出之后，发现了一个类似的问题，这个问题似乎与openssl here有关，所以我用

./config enable-shared
make
make test
make install

现在，我得到了一个关于ssl模块的稍微不同的错误，是不是我正在越来越多地破坏我的环境？

python2.7 setup.py build
running build
running build_ext
INFO: Can't locate Tcl/Tk libs and/or headers
building '_ssl' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/local/ssl/include -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c /Python/Modules/_ssl.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_ssl.o
/Python/Modules/_ssl.c:57: warning: ignoring #pragma GCC diagnostic
/Python/Modules/_ssl.c: In function ‘_setup_ssl_threads’:
/Python/Modules/_ssl.c:4012: warning: comparison is always false due to limited range of data type
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_ssl.o -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_ssl.so
*** WARNING: renaming "_ssl" since importing it failed: libssl.so.1.0.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
building '_hashlib' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/local/ssl/include -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c /Python/Modules/_hashopenssl.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_hashopenssl.o
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Python/Modules/_hashopenssl.o -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_hashlib.so
*** WARNING: renaming "_hashlib" since importing it failed: libssl.so.1.0.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:
_bsddb             _sqlite3           _tkinter
bsddb185           dbm                dl
gdbm               imageop            sunaudiodev
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.


Failed to build these modules:
_hashlib           _ssl

running build_scripts

输出*** WARNING: renaming "_ssl" since importing it failed: libssl.so.1.0.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory中的新警告消息表明文件不存在，但我在/usr/local/ssl/lib/ as libssl.so.1.0.0中看到它，可以通过搜索找到它。

find / -name libssl.so.1.0.0
/usr/local/ssl/lib/libssl.so.1.0.0
/tmp/openssl-1.0.2l/libssl.so.1.0.0

python

python-2.7

ssl

pip

rhel

回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2017-06-28 23:02:21

嗯，我不知道是否应该感到愚蠢，这只是我完全忽略的一件常见的事情，因为我对linux相当陌生。但是，我能够通过_hashlib amo响应中的几个简单步骤来解决_ssl和https://stackoverflow.com/a/28460293/8222554模块的构建错误。

我第一次尝试使用ldconfig，但这并没有解决我的问题，所以我只看了一下LD_LIBRARY_PATH中的

echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH

然后返回这些位置，其中不包括libssl.so.1.0.0文件所在的位置。

/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib:/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client/lib

然后，我遵循了之前在安装Oracle客户机和cx_Oracle模块时所做的步骤，这些步骤很容易在博客文章：https://ubuntugeeknerd.blogspot.com/2013/08/how-to-install-oxoracle-in-rhel-64-bit.html上列出。

我用于ssl模块的步骤如下

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/ssl/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH >> ~/.bashrc
echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/usr/local/ssl/lib/:/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib:/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client/lib

在此之后，我做了python2.7 setup.py clean，然后是python2.7 setup.py build和最后一个python2.7 setup.py install。输出没有返回任何失败的构建，除了那些我没有必要的部分(而且也不打算构建)。

当打开python并成功导入模块时，我可以验证ssl模块是否存在。

Python 2.7.13 (default, Jun 26 2017, 15:21:33)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>>

希望这对遇到类似问题的人来说很方便。

票数 12

页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持

原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44789416

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