CPP中的OpenCV库(特别是文件letter_recog.cpp)
CPP中的OpenCV库(特别是文件letter_recog.cpp)
提问于 2017-09-14 21:56:06
我只是试图从cpp的opencv库中编译/构建/运行一个示例代码，当我尝试构建 it时，我遇到了一个问题。
我已经按照cmake.html正确地安装了opencv，并将opencv包含文件从框架文件移动到包含的/usr/local/ include / opencv 2中，将opencv包含文件从框架中移动到该文件夹中，帮助了我的大多数问题( opencv2文件未被找到)，但是构建文件opencv2的问题不起作用。不工作，我的意思是它有很多构建错误。
文件的代码如下所示：recog.cpp
生成错误如下：
g++ -g -std=c++14 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -lpthread -o "letter_recog" "letter_recog.cpp" (in directory: /home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp)
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `read_num_class_data(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, int, cv::Mat*, cv::Mat*)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:74: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::push_back(cv::Mat const&)'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:77: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::copyTo(cv::_OutputArray const&) const'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `prepare_train_data(cv::Mat const&, cv::Mat const&, int)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:100: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::zeros(int, int, int)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `prepare_train_data(cv::Mat const&, cv::Mat const&, int)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.hpp:1110: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `prepare_train_data(cv::Mat const&, cv::Mat const&, int)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:102: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::setTo(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `prepare_train_data(cv::Mat const&, cv::Mat const&, int)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.hpp:1110: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `prepare_train_data(cv::Mat const&, cv::Mat const&, int)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:106: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::setTo(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:110: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:110: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:110: undefined reference to `cv::ml::TrainData::create(cv::_InputArray const&, int, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `test_and_save_classifier(cv::Ptr<cv::ml::StatModel> const&, cv::Mat const&, cv::Mat const&, int, int, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/ml.hpp:349: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_rtrees_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:187: undefined reference to `cv::ml::RTrees::create()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:208: undefined reference to `cv::sum(cv::_InputArray const&)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_boost_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.hpp:1110: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_boost_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:277: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::setTo(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:281: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:281: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:281: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:281: undefined reference to `cv::ml::TrainData::create(cv::_InputArray const&, int, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:287: undefined reference to `cv::ml::Boost::create()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:314: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_mlp_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:383: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::zeros(int, int, int)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_mlp_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/ml.hpp:285: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/ml.hpp:285: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/ml.hpp:284: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/ml.hpp:284: undefined reference to `cv::noArray()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_mlp_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:408: undefined reference to `cv::ml::TrainData::create(cv::_InputArray const&, int, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:411: undefined reference to `cv::ml::ANN_MLP::create()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_knearest_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, int)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:440: undefined reference to `cv::ml::KNearest::create()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_nbayes_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:467: undefined reference to `cv::ml::NormalBayesClassifier::create()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `build_svm_classifier(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:504: undefined reference to `cv::ml::SVM::create()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `main':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:524: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::CommandLineParser(int, char const* const*, cv::String const&)'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:526: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::has(cv::String const&) const'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:528: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::has(cv::String const&) const'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:530: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::has(cv::String const&) const'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:532: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::has(cv::String const&) const'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:534: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::has(cv::String const&) const'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o:/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:536: more undefined references to `cv::CommandLineParser::has(cv::String const&) const' follow
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `main':
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:557: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::~CommandLineParser()'
/home/courtneymaroney/opencv/samples/cpp/letter_recog.cpp:524: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::~CommandLineParser()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::String::String(char const*)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/cvstd.hpp:618: undefined reference to `cv::String::allocate(unsigned long)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::String::~String()':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/cvstd.hpp:660: undefined reference to `cv::String::deallocate()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::Mat(int, int, int, void*, unsigned long)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:413: undefined reference to `cv::error(int, cv::String const&, char const*, char const*, int)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::~Mat()':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:556: undefined reference to `cv::fastFree(void*)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::row(int) const':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:591: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::Mat(cv::Mat const&, cv::Range const&, cv::Range const&)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::rowRange(int, int) const':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:603: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::Mat(cv::Mat const&, cv::Range const&, cv::Range const&)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::colRange(int, int) const':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:615: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::Mat(cv::Mat const&, cv::Range const&, cv::Range const&)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::create(int, int, int)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:648: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::create(int, int const*, int)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::release()':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:667: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::deallocate()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::FileStorage::getFirstTopLevelNode() const':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/persistence.hpp:1167: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::root(int) const'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::FileNode::begin() const':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/persistence.hpp:1184: undefined reference to `cv::FileNodeIterator::FileNodeIterator(CvFileStorage const*, CvFileNode const*, unsigned long)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::FileNode::end() const':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/persistence.hpp:1185: undefined reference to `cv::FileNode::size() const'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/persistence.hpp:1185: undefined reference to `cv::FileNodeIterator::FileNodeIterator(CvFileStorage const*, CvFileNode const*, unsigned long)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::String::String(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/cvstd.inl.hpp:81: undefined reference to `cv::String::allocate(unsigned long)'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::String cv::CommandLineParser::get<cv::String>(cv::String const&, bool) const':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/utility.hpp:682: undefined reference to `cv::CommandLineParser::getByName(cv::String const&, bool, int, void*) const'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::Mat<int>(std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> > const&, bool)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:469: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::copyTo(cv::_OutputArray const&) const'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Mat::Mat<double>(std::vector<double, std::allocator<double> > const&, bool)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:469: undefined reference to `cv::Mat::copyTo(cv::_OutputArray const&) const'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Ptr<cv::ml::RTrees> cv::Algorithm::load<cv::ml::RTrees>(cv::String const&, cv::String const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::FileStorage(cv::String const&, int, cv::String const&)'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2973: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::operator[](cv::String const&) const'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2974: undefined reference to `cv::ml::RTrees::create()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Ptr<cv::ml::Boost> cv::Algorithm::load<cv::ml::Boost>(cv::String const&, cv::String const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::FileStorage(cv::String const&, int, cv::String const&)'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2973: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::operator[](cv::String const&) const'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2974: undefined reference to `cv::ml::Boost::create()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Ptr<cv::ml::ANN_MLP> cv::Algorithm::load<cv::ml::ANN_MLP>(cv::String const&, cv::String const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::FileStorage(cv::String const&, int, cv::String const&)'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2973: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::operator[](cv::String const&) const'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2974: undefined reference to `cv::ml::ANN_MLP::create()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
/tmp/ccUbgW02.o: In function `cv::Ptr<cv::ml::SVM> cv::Algorithm::load<cv::ml::SVM>(cv::String const&, cv::String const&)':
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::FileStorage(cv::String const&, int, cv::String const&)'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2973: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::operator[](cv::String const&) const'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2974: undefined reference to `cv::ml::SVM::create()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
/usr/local/include/opencv2/core.hpp:2972: undefined reference to `cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Compilation failed.我正在为Ubuntu16.04使用一个名为"Geany“的IDE。
针对granny的编译/构建命令如下: g++ -std=c++14 -Wall -c "%f“Build: g++ -g -std=c++14 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -lpthread -o "%e”%f
我在网上寻找可能的解决方案。似乎有些人有这个问题，但还没有人找到解决办法，或者至少没有人分享这个问题。
回显$的输出(pkg-config-libs opencv)我格式化它以使它更易读。
echo $(pkg-config --libs opencv)
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.so
-lopencv_calib3d
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_contrib.so
-lopencv_contrib
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.so
-lopencv_core
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.so
-lopencv_features2d
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.so
-lopencv_flann
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_gpu.so
-lopencv_gpu
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.so
-lopencv_highgui
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.so
-lopencv_imgproc
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_legacy.so
-lopencv_legacy
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.so
-lopencv_ml
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.so
-lopencv_objdetect
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ocl.so
-lopencv_ocl
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.so
-lopencv_photo
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.so
-lopencv_stitching
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.so
-lopencv_superres
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ts.so
-lopencv_ts
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.so
-lopencv_video
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.so
-lopencv_videostab回答 2
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2017-09-14 22:48:39
我不明白您是如何在系统上安装opencv的，如果您真的手动复制了系统路径中的标头，那么我可能不想知道。另外，我对IDE过敏，所以让我们使用更友好的终端。
通常最好的选择是在您的存储库中安装该选项。在你的例子中(从问题的标签上看，它看起来是一个ubuntu 16.10)：
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libopencv-dev这将修复有助于您编译的pkg-config文件。(免责声明)手动复制的标头的存在可能会干扰安装过程。我建议您在发出这两个命令之前删除它们，如果将它们放在/usr/include中的话)
现在，对于letter_recog.cpp的编译来说，以这样的方式调用编译器就足够了：
g++ $(pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv) letter_recog.cpp -o letter_recog如果您想要的话，也可以添加您的标志(-Wall -pedantic等)，但我建议您检查pkg-config如何处理：
echo $(pkg-config --cflags opencv)
echo $(pkg-config --libs opencv)第二个特别是您显然错过了什么(链接所针对的库)。
最后，为了修复Geany，我怀疑你必须把它放在一个类似的地方：
g++ -std=c++14 -Wall $(pkg-config --cflags opencv) -c "%f"和
g++ -g -std=c++14 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -lpthread $(pkg-config --libs opencv) -o "%e" "%f"但是这个解决方案是有问题的(比如-lpthread而不是-pthread；而且对于该代码您也不需要它们)。
长篇小说短片：听听丹·马·艾克( Danšek)的第一条评论:他是对的。
(对不起，我的保险丝已经很晚了)
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2017-09-16 04:26:00
修复:使用本指南重新安装：
https://medium.com/@debugvn/installing-opencv-3-3-0-on-ubuntu-16-04-lts-7db376f93961
不只是放置g++ $(pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv) letter_recog.cpp -o letter_recog，所以我不得不添加一些标志(-lopencv_name_of_library)
我是个会做蛋糕的菜鸟。一旦我找到了用makefile替换变量的方法，我将在这里给出一个定制的makefile(作为编辑)来编译/构建项目，但是到目前为止，由于我使用的是一个名为Geany的IDE，所以我使用的是build命令(对于所有的项目来说，这都不重要)
g++ $(pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv) %f -o %e -lopencv_stitching -lopencv_superres -lopencv_videostab -lopencv_photo -lopencv_aruco -lopencv_bgsegm -lopencv_bioinspired -lopencv_ccalib -lopencv_dpm -lopencv_face -lopencv_freetype -lopencv_fuzzy -lopencv_img_hash -lopencv_line_descriptor -lopencv_optflow -lopencv_reg -lopencv_rgbd -lopencv_saliency -lopencv_stereo -lopencv_structured_light -lopencv_phase_unwrapping -lopencv_surface_matching -lopencv_tracking -lopencv_datasets -lopencv_text -lopencv_dnn -lopencv_plot -lopencv_ml -lopencv_xfeatures2d -lopencv_shape -lopencv_video -lopencv_ximgproc -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_videoio -lopencv_flann -lopencv_xobjdetect -lopencv_imgcodecs -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_xphoto -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_core谢谢你们的帮助。最有帮助的评论是建议我安装的不正确。希望我的发现对其他人有帮助。(相信我，在尝试了不同的安装指南之后，尝试安装一个nvidia驱动程序，它破坏了整个操作系统，所以我不得不卸载该操作系统，用一个干净的板重新安装操作系统，然后重新开始(在此过程中丢失了所有文件)。
希望你们不用经历我的麻烦。这是地狱，但我认为opencv是值得的。
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