blocks|key|1368295|text|来自墙壁时间的Python文档|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1368296|..。在Windows上，time.clock()具有微秒粒度，但time.time()的粒度是每秒的1/60。在Unix上，time.clock()有1/100的第二个粒度，而time.time()要精确得多。在这两个平台上，default_timer()测量的都是墙壁时钟时间，而不是CPU时间。这意味着在同一台计算机上运行的其他进程可能会干扰计时。|blockquote|1368297|对于墙壁时间，您可以使用timeit.default_timer()来获取具有上述最佳粒度的定时器。|1368298|在Python3.3及以上版本中，您可以使用time.process_time()或time.process_time_ns()。下面是文件条目+for+process_time方法：|1368299|返回系统和当前进程用户CPU时间之和的值(以小数秒为单位)。它不包括睡眠期间经过的时间。从定义上讲，这是一个全过程的过程。返回值的引用点未定义，因此只有连续调用的结果之间的差异是有效的。|1368300|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/2/library/timeit.html#timeit.default_timer|1|https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.process_time^0|2|D|0|0|0|0|1W|4|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@$A|13|B|14|1|15]]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]|U|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|V]]]]

From <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/timeit.html#timeit.default_timer" rel="noreferrer">Python Documentation for wall time</a>:

<blockquote>
 ... On Windows, time.clock() has microsecond granularity, but time.time()’s granularity is 1/60th of a second. On Unix, time.clock() has 1/100th of a second granularity, and time.time() is much more precise. On either platform, default_timer() measures wall clock time, not the CPU time. This means that other processes running on the same computer may interfere with the timing.
</blockquote>

For wall time you can use timeit.default_timer() which gets the timer with best granularity described above.

From Python 3.3 and above you can use time.process_time() or time.process_time_ns() . Below is <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.process_time" rel="noreferrer">the documentation entry</a> for process_time method:

<blockquote>
 Return the value (in fractional seconds) of the sum of the system and user CPU time of the current process. It does not include time elapsed during sleep. It is process-wide by definition. The reference point of the returned value is undefined, so that only the difference between the results of consecutive calls is valid.
</blockquote>

blocks|key|553882|text|由于时间有限，我在Linux系统上使用了计时函数。我观察到|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|553883|timeit.default_timer()和time.perf_counter()数值给出了同样的结果。|ordered-list-item|offset|length|style|CODE|553884|此外，在测量时间间隔的持续时间时，timeit.default_timer()、time.perf_counter()和time.time()几乎都给出了相同的结果。因此，这意味着这些函数中的任何一个都可以用于度量任何进程的运行时间或墙时间。|BOLD|553885|我想我还应该指出，time.time()与其他人的区别在于，它给出了epoch的当前时间，后者来自，1970年1月1日上午12:00。|553886|time.clock()和time.process_time()也给出了相同的数值。|553887|time.process_time()最适合测量cpu时间，因为time.clock()在python+3中已经不推荐使用了。|553888|entityMap^0|0|0|M|N|J|0|H|M|14|J|1O|B|34|4|39|3|0|9|B|Y|5|1D|H|0|0|C|D|J|0|0|J|W|C|O|5|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|U|8|@$E|V|F|W|G|H]|$E|X|F|Y|G|H]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|Z|8|@$E|10|F|11|G|H]|$E|12|F|13|G|H]|$E|14|F|15|G|H]|$E|16|F|17|G|K]|$E|18|F|19|G|K]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|D|7|1A|8|@$E|1B|F|1C|G|H]|$E|1D|F|1E|G|K]|$E|1F|F|1G|G|K]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|D|7|1H|8|@$E|1I|F|1J|G|H]|$E|1K|F|1L|G|H]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|D|7|1M|8|@$E|1N|F|1O|G|H]|$E|1P|F|1Q|G|H]|$E|1R|F|1S|G|K]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|-4|5|6|7|1T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|S|$]]

With the little time I have spent using the timing functions on Linux systems. I have observed that

<ol>
<li><code>timeit.default_timer()</code> and <code>time.perf_counter()</code> numerically gives the same result. </li>
<li>Also, when measuring the duration of a time interval, <code>timeit.default_timer()</code>, <code>time.perf_counter()</code> and <code>time.time()</code> all virtually gives the same result. So this means that any of these functions can be used to measure the elapsed time or wall time for any process.</li>
<li>I think I should also mention that the difference between <code>time.time()</code> and others is that it gives the current time in seconds from epoch which is from 1 January 1970 12:00AM</li>
<li><code>time.clock()</code> and <code>time.process_time()</code> also gives the same numerical value</li>
<li><code>time.process_time()</code> is most suitable for measuring the cpu time since <code>time.clock()</code> is already deprecated in python 3 </li>
</ol>

blocks|key|1368388|text|为了提供当前的壁时间，可以将time.time()用于得到划时代的时间。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1368389|为了提供经过的墙壁时间，可以在操作开始和结束时使用time.perf_counter()，结果的差异反映了运行时间。如其他答案所述，不能将结果用于给出参照点未定义。的绝对时间，您可以使用timeit.default_time()但使用截至python+3.3|1368390|为了提供经过的CPU时间，time.process_time()可以以类似于time.perf_counter()的方式使用。这将是提供系统和用户CPU时间的总和。|1368391|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.time|1|https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.perf_counter|2|https://docs.python.org/3/library/timeit.html#timeit.default_timer|3|https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.process_time^0|E|B|R|9|0|0|P|J|2L|L|23|7|1|39|C|2|0|D|J|12|J|1U|G|3|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|X|8|@$9|Y|A|Z|B|C]]|D|@$9|10|A|11|1|12]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|13|8|@$9|14|A|15|B|C]|$9|16|A|17|B|C]]|D|@$9|18|A|19|1|1A]|$9|1B|A|1C|1|1D]]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1E|8|@$9|1F|A|1G|B|C]|$9|1H|A|1I|B|C]]|D|@$9|1J|A|1K|1|1L]]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|1M|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|Q]]|R|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|S]]|T|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|U]]|V|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|W]]]]

To provide the current wall time, <code>time.time()</code> can be used to <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.time" rel="nofollow noreferrer">get the epoch time.</a>
To provide the elapsed wall time, <code>time.perf_counter()</code> can be used at the start and end of the operation with the difference in results reflecting the elapsed time. The results cannot be used to give an absolute time as <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.perf_counter" rel="nofollow noreferrer">the reference point is undefined.</a> As mentioned in other answers, you can use <code>timeit.default_time()</code> but <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/timeit.html#timeit.default_timer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this will always return <code>time.perf_counter()</code> as of python 3.3</a>
To provide the elapsed CPU time, <code>time.process_time()</code> can be used in a similar manner to <code>time.perf_counter()</code>. This will <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.process_time" rel="nofollow noreferrer">provide the sum of the system and user CPU time.</a>

I am working on a Python script that is going to be run in the command line. The idea is to get a command from the user, run it and then provide the wall-clock time and the CPU time of the command provided by the user. See code below.

<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python 
import os
import sys

def execut_cmd(cmd_line):
 utime = os.system('time '+cmd_line)
 # Here I would like to store the wall-clock time in the Python variable 
 # utime.
 cputime = os.system('time '+cmd_line)
 # Here the CPU time in the cputime variable. utime and cputime are going to 
 # be used later in my Python script. In addition, I would like to silence the 
 # output of time in the screen.

execut_cmd(sys.argv[1]) 
print ('Your command wall-clock time is '+utime)
print ('Your command cpu time is '+ cputime)
</code></pre>

How can I accomplish this? Also, if there is a better method than using 'time' I am open to try it.

How to capture wall-clock time and CPU time in a Python variable using bash builtin 'time'?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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问如何使用bash内置的“时间”捕获Python变量中的挂钟时间和CPU时间？EN