选中赢家彩票测试抛出；错误:事务已被EVM恢复
选中赢家彩票测试抛出；错误:事务已被EVM恢复
提问于 2022-04-25 14:13:53
我正在写一份彩票合同，应该是接受玩家，挑选一位获奖者，并将收到的资金发送到获奖者的地址，然后重新开始。运行npm运行测试后，前5个测试正在通过，但是“向赢家发送钱并重置球员数组”测试失败，下面的错误消息如下。
1) lottery Contract
sends money to the winner & resets the players array:
Error: Transaction has been reverted by the EVM:就我个人而言，我认为问题在文件Lottery.test.js上，在这个代码片段上，因为到目前为止，一切都运行得很好；
await lottery.methods.pickWinner().send({
from: accounts[0]
});下面粘贴其他项目文件以帮助调试。
我的Lottery.sol文件；
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;
contract Lottery {
address public manager;
address payable[] public players;
function myLottery() public {
manager = msg.sender;
}
function enter() public payable {
require(msg.value > .001 ether);
players.push(payable(msg.sender));
}
function random() private view returns(uint){
return uint(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(block.difficulty, block.timestamp, players)));
}
function pickWinner() public restricted{
uint index = random() % players.length;
players[index].transfer(address(this).balance);
players = new address payable[](0);
}
modifier restricted() {
require(msg.sender == manager);
_;
}
function getPlayers() public view returns (address payable[] memory) {
return players;
}
}compile.js
const path = require("path");
const fs = require("fs");
const solc = require("solc");
const lotteryPath = path.resolve(__dirname, "contracts", "Lottery.sol");
const source = fs.readFileSync(lotteryPath, "utf8");
let input = {
language: "Solidity",
sources: {
[lotteryPath]: {
content: source,
},
},
settings: {
outputSelection: {
"*": {
"*": ["*"],
},
},
},
};
var output = JSON.parse(solc.compile(JSON.stringify(input)));
module.exports = {
abi: output.contracts[[lotteryPath]]["Lottery"].abi,
bytecode: output.contracts[[lotteryPath]]["Lottery"].evm.bytecode.object,
};deploy.js
const HDWalletProvider = require('truffle-hdwallet-provider');
const Web3 = require('web3');
const { abi, bytecode } = require("./compile");
const provider = new HDWalletProvider(
'****myMneumonic*****',
'****myInfuraNode****'
);
const web3 = new Web3 (provider);
const deploy = async () => {
const accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();
console.log('Attempting to deploy from account;', accounts[0]);
const result = await new web3.eth.Contract(abi)
.deploy({ data: bytecode })
.send({ from: accounts[0], gas: '10000000', gasPrice: '2000000000'});
console.log('Contract deployed to;', result.options.address);
};
deploy();Lottery.test.js
const assert = require("assert");
const ganache = require("ganache");
const Web3 = require("web3");
const web3 = new Web3(ganache.provider());
const { abi, bytecode } = require("../compile");
let accounts;
let lottery;
beforeEach(async () => {
//get a list of all accounts
accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();
lottery = await new web3.eth.Contract(abi)
.deploy({ data: bytecode })
.send({ from: accounts[0], gas: "1000000" });
});
describe('lottery Contract', () => {
it ('deploys a contract', () => {
assert.ok(lottery.options.address);
});
it('allows one account to enter', async () => {
await lottery.methods.enter().send({
from: accounts[0],
value: web3.utils.toWei('0.002', 'ether')
});
const players = await lottery.methods.getPlayers().call({
from: accounts [0]
});
assert.equal(accounts[0], players);
assert.equal(1, players.length);
});
it('allows multiple accounts to enter', async () => {
await lottery.methods.enter().send({
from: accounts[0],
value: web3.utils.toWei('0.002', 'ether')
});
await lottery.methods.enter().send({
from: accounts[1],
value: web3.utils.toWei('0.002', 'ether')
});
await lottery.methods.enter().send({
from: accounts[2],
value: web3.utils.toWei('0.002', 'ether')
});
const players = await lottery.methods.getPlayers().call({
from: accounts[0]
});
assert.equal(accounts[0], players[0]);
assert.equal(accounts[1], players[1]);
assert.equal(accounts[2], players[2]);
assert.equal(3, players.length);
});
it('requires a minimum amount of ether to enter', async () => {
try {
await lottery.methods.enter().send({
from: accounts[0],
value: 200
});
assert(false);
} catch (err) {
assert(err);
}
});
it ('only manager can call pickWinner', async () => {
try {
await lottery.methods.pickWinner().send({
from: accounts[1],
value: 200
});
assert(false);
} catch (err) {
assert(err);
}
});
it('sends money to the winner & resets the players array', async () =>{
await lottery.methods.enter().send({
from: accounts[0],
value: web3.utils.toWei('1', 'ether')
});
const initialBalance = await web3.eth.getBalance(accounts[0]);
await lottery.methods.pickWinner().send({
from: accounts[0]
});
const finalBalance = await web3.eth.getBalance(accounts[0]);
const difference = finalBalance - initialBalance;
console.log(difference);
assert(difference > web3.utils.toWei('0.8', 'ether'));
});
}); 回答 3
Ethereum用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2022-06-07 20:23:45
问题是，在我试着挑选获胜者之前，我从来没有设定过经理的角色。它失败了，因为在调用pickWinner()方法时，管理器地址为null，这将从受限修饰符中的require语句中失败。
我也要指出，允许任何人设置经理角色可能不是您想要做的事情。相反，在部署合同时，您应该在契约构造函数中设置经理角色，如下所示：
constructor(){
manager = msg.sender;
}然后你就可以一起摆脱myLottery()了。希望这能帮上忙。
在推特上回答；@_syndk8。
Ethereum用户
发布于 2022-04-26 04:56:31
random()的S输出是一个数字太多的整数。
您可以通过将random()设置为public来检查它，并查看它返回的内容。
换句话说，如果n是玩家的数字，x是随机数，作为函数正常工作的一般条件，x必须等于或小于n。在您的代码中，这个条件不太可能被满足。
Ethereum用户
发布于 2022-06-06 19:45:14
以前的评论确实是一个很好的观察。但是，如果你不解决这个问题，我可能会给你一个解决办法。我按照以下步骤更改了pickWinner函数：
function pickWinner() external restricted {
//generating a uint number using the random function modulo array size
uint index = random() % players.length;
//send ethers to the winner at the position = index
payable(players[index]).transfer(address(this).balance);
//clean up the players' array initializing it again
players = new address payable[](0);
}因此，从公共到外部的可见性可能解决了这个问题。
页面原文内容由Ethereum提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/126866
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