如何在aptcache中添加apt-utils，使牛仔/pbuilder能够使用它？
我在运行cowbuilder --update，得到了以下信息-
$ sudo cowbuilder --update
[sudo] password for shirish:
I: Copying COW directory
I: forking: rm -rf /var/cache/pbuilder/build/cow.12496
I: forking: cp -al /var/cache/pbuilder/sid-amd64/base.cow /var/cache/pbuilder/build/cow.12496
I: removed stale ilistfile /var/cache/pbuilder/build/cow.12496/.ilist
I: Invoking pbuilder
I: forking: pbuilder update --buildplace /var/cache/pbuilder/build/cow.12496 --mirror http://deb.debian.org/debian/ --distribution sid --no-targz --internal-chrootexec 'chroot /var/cache/pbuilder/build/cow.12496 cow-shell'
I: Running in no-targz mode
I: Current time: Sun Sep 2 01:16:22 IST 2018
I: pbuilder-time-stamp: 1535831182
I: copying local configuration
W: --override-config is not set; not updating apt.conf Read the manpage for details.
I: mounting /proc filesystem
I: mounting /sys filesystem
I: creating /{dev,run}/shm
I: mounting /dev/pts filesystem
I: redirecting /dev/ptmx to /dev/pts/ptmx
I: policy-rc.d already exists
I: Refreshing the base.tgz
I: upgrading packages
Get:1 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian sid InRelease [233 kB]
Get:2 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian sid/main amd64 Packages.diff/Index [27.9 kB]
Get:3 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian sid/main amd64 Packages 2018-09-01-1408.47.pdiff [11.0 kB]
Get:3 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian sid/main amd64 Packages 2018-09-01-1408.47.pdiff [11.0 kB]
Fetched 272 kB in 3s (97.6 kB/s)
Reading package lists...
I: Obtaining the cached apt archive contents
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Calculating upgrade...
The following packages will be upgraded:
libidn2-0
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 76.4 kB of archives.
After this operation, 120 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian sid/main amd64 libidn2-0 amd64 2.0.5-1 [76.4 kB]
Fetched 76.4 kB in 1s (79.8 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
(Reading database ... 11986 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libidn2-0_2.0.5-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libidn2-0:amd64 (2.0.5-1) over (2.0.4-2.2) ...
Setting up libidn2-0:amd64 (2.0.5-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-5) ...
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
aptitude is already the newest version (0.8.10-9).
build-essential is already the newest version (12.5).
dpkg-dev is already the newest version (1.19.0.5).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
I: Copying back the cached apt archive contents
I: new cache content 'libidn2-0_2.0.5-1_amd64.deb' added
I: unmounting dev/ptmx filesystem
I: unmounting dev/pts filesystem
I: unmounting dev/shm filesystem
I: unmounting proc filesystem
I: unmounting sys filesystem
I: removing cowbuilder working copy
I: Moving work directory [/var/cache/pbuilder/build/cow.12496] to final location [/var/cache/pbuilder/sid-amd64/base.cow] and cleaning up old copy
I: forking: rm -rf /var/cache/pbuilder/build/cow.12496-12496-tmp现在，在/var/cache/pbuilder中，我得到了以下目录-
/var/cache/pbuilder$ ls
aptcache build result sid-amd64从我所知的一点来看，aptcache有可能需要的.deb包，build是构建包的地方，result是成功构建包的地方，sid-amd64是用于构建包所需的base.cow或最小Debian发行版。随着新软件包的建立，aptcache和base.cow都会随着时间的推移而增加。
我对这个理解是正确的吗？
如果是，我如何在aptcache和base.cow中添加apt-utils？
从之前共享的动作中看到这一行-
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed. 更新- 02/09/18 -
我试过以下方法-
$ sudo pbuilder --autocleanaptcache
pbuilder - a personal builder
Copyright 2001-2007 Junichi Uekawa
Distributed under GNU Public License version 2 or later
pbuilder [operation] [pbuilder-options]
pdebuild [pdebuild-options] -- [pbuilder-options]
........由于某些原因，该命令似乎不起作用，要么我拼错了它，要么它需要显式路径才能使命令工作。
在此之前，我确实尝试过$cowbuilder ----autocleanaptcache，但即便如此，我也什么也没有得到。
最后我不得不去-
$ sudo pbuilder clean
I: Cleaning [/var/cache/pbuilder/build]
I: removing directory /var/cache/pbuilder/build and its subdirectories
I: Cleaning [/var/cache/pbuilder/aptcache/]
shirish@debian:~$ cd /var/cache/pbuilder/aptcache/回答 1
Unix & Linux用户
发布于 2018-09-01 21:23:08
随着新软件包的建立，aptcache和base.cow都会随着时间的推移而增加。
APT缓存可以，但是您应该定期使用clean命令(pbuilder clean或cowbuilder clean)或--autocleanaptcache选项(与命令一起使用，例如pbuilder update --autocleanaptcache)来清理它。基本映像只反映基本Debian安装；构建所需的包只安装在用于构建的副本中，而不是基本映像中。(我每天使用一个cron作业，它在我所有的基本映像上运行pbuilder update --autocleanaptcache。)
要在基本映像中安装额外的包，可以使用pbuilder login --save-after-login或cowbuilder login --save-after-login“登录”到映像，进行更改并退出。但是，这不是一个好主意，因为它改变了包构建的期望。特别是关于apt-utils，您可以忽略debconf警告--它只是抱怨缺少apt-extracttemplates，这意味着包不能预先配置(使用dpkg-preconfigure)，而必须在安装过程中进行配置。由于构建运行的方式，这没有任何影响。
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/466292
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