由于Debian中未满足的依赖关系，不能重新安装ffmpeg /为什么ffmpeg在视频转换中不使用指定的比特率？
由于Debian中未满足的依赖关系，不能重新安装ffmpeg /为什么ffmpeg在视频转换中不使用指定的比特率？
提问于 2021-02-07 10:53:48
In Short:我尝试重新安装ffmpeg：sudo apt install ffmpeg：
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ffmpeg : Depends: libavcodec58 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1)
Depends: libavdevice58 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
Depends: libavfilter7 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1)
[...]
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.`如何解决这些缺失的依赖关系？
Full问题：
当我运行ffmpeg -i "./input.mp4" -vcodec libvpx-vp9 -acodec libvorbis -b:v 9M "./output.webm"时，得到的比特率不是9MB，而是一个小得多的比特率，即使我尝试使用的输入视频的比特率正好是9MB或更大。我感兴趣的是为什么会出现这种情况，除了使用-crf之外，没有什么能帮助解决这个问题。这样，我就可以通过尝试和错误获得输出文件的比特率来匹配输入文件的比特率。此问题可能与以下问题相关，也可能与之无关。也许我应该为它单独提个问题。
由于上面描述的问题，我尝试重新安装ffmpeg。看起来我已经从罗兹尔·格洛的Kodi储存库安装了ffmpeg (Debian的主要repos中的Kodi版本非常过时)。一开始，我尝试从主存储库中重新安装ffmpeg，方法是删除repo并运行获得：Reinstallation of ffmpeg is not possible, it cannot be downloaded.的D6，因此我再次添加了该回购并运行：sudo apt-get --reinstall install ffmpeg/buster-backports。这是产出：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'ffmpeg'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libavcodec58' because of 'ffmpeg'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libavutil56' because of 'libavcodec58'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libswresample3' because of 'libavcodec58'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libavdevice58' because of 'ffmpeg'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libavfilter7' because of 'libavdevice58'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libavformat58' because of 'libavfilter7'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libpostproc55' because of 'libavfilter7'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libswscale5' because of 'libavfilter7'
Selected version '7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1' (kodi-nightly-debian-repo:1.0/stable-backports [amd64]) for 'libavresample4' because of 'ffmpeg'
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
i965-va-driver:i386 intel-media-va-driver:i386 libgomp1:i386 libigdgmm5:i386 libsoxr0:i386 libva-drm2:i386 libva-x11-2:i386 libva2:i386
libvdpau-va-gl1:i386 libvdpau1:i386 mesa-va-drivers:i386 mesa-vdpau-drivers:i386 ocl-icd-libopencl1:i386 va-driver-all:i386 vdpau-driver-all:i386
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libavcodec58 libavdevice58 libavfilter7 libavformat58 libavresample4 libavutil56 libpostproc55 libswresample3 libswscale5
Suggested packages:
ffmpeg-doc
The following packages will be REMOVED:
libavcodec-dev libavfilter-dev libavformat-dev libavresample-dev libavutil-dev libavutil56:i386 libpostproc-dev libswresample-dev libswresample3:i386
libswscale-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
ffmpeg libavcodec58 libavdevice58 libavfilter7 libavformat58 libavresample4 libavutil56 libpostproc55 libswresample3 libswscale5
10 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 10 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 9,752 kB of archives.
After this operation, 39.0 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 ffmpeg amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [1,584 kB]
Get:2 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libavdevice58 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [114 kB]
Get:3 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libavfilter7 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [1,281 kB]
Get:4 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libswscale5 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [195 kB]
Get:5 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libavformat58 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [1,037 kB]
Get:6 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libavcodec58 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [4,942 kB]
Get:7 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libswresample3 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [95.0 kB]
Get:8 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libpostproc55 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [91.0 kB]
Get:9 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libavresample4 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [92.0 kB]
Get:10 https://basilgello.github.io/kodi-nightly-debian-repo buster-backports/main amd64 libavutil56 amd64 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 [320 kB]
Fetched 9,752 kB in 8s (1,242 kB/s)
Reading changelogs... Done
apt-listchanges: Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
apt-listchanges: Mailing root: apt-listchanges: changelogs for hostname(Reading database ... 427402 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing libavfilter-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libavformat-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libavcodec-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libavresample-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libswscale-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libswresample-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libswresample3:i386 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libavutil56:i386 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libpostproc-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Removing libavutil-dev:amd64 (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
(Reading database ... 427211 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-ffmpeg_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking ffmpeg (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../1-libavdevice58_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libavdevice58:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../2-libavfilter7_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libavfilter7:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../3-libswscale5_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libswscale5:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../4-libavformat58_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libavformat58:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../5-libavcodec58_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libavcodec58:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../6-libswresample3_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libswresample3:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../7-libpostproc55_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpostproc55:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../8-libavresample4_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libavresample4:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../9-libavutil56_7%3a4.3.1-6~bpo10+1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libavutil56:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) over (7:4.3.1-5.1~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libavutil56:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libpostproc55:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libswscale5:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libswresample3:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libavresample4:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libavcodec58:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libavformat58:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libavfilter7:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up libavdevice58:amd64 (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Setting up ffmpeg (7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.5-2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.28-10) ...
[ Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.6 ]
File updated: searched for 181 files, found 146
Scanning processes...
Scanning candidates...
Scanning processor microcode...
Scanning linux images...
Running kernel seems to be up-to-date.
The processor microcode seems to be up-to-date.
No services need to be restarted.
No containers need to be restarted.
User sessions running outdated binaries: [...]现在，sudo apt install ffmpeg的输出总是：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ffmpeg : Depends: libavcodec58 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1)
Depends: libavdevice58 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
Depends: libavfilter7 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1)
Depends: libavformat58 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
Depends: libavresample4 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
Depends: libavutil56 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
Depends: libpostproc55 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
Depends: libswresample3 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
Depends: libswscale5 (= 7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1) but 7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.如何解决这些缺失的依赖关系？我不能只是重新安装那些，许多其他核心软件包依赖于这些。
我还试着运行sudo apt-get clean ; sudo apt-get update ; sudo apt-get check ; sudo apt-get purge ffmpeg* -y ; sudo apt-get autoremove -y ; sudo apt-get -f satisfy ffmpeg -y 这并没有解决这个问题。
我用KDE运行Debian 10。任何帮助都是非常感谢的。
回答 1
Unix & Linux用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2021-02-07 11:43:05
看起来有人请求安装libavdevice58版本7:4.3.1-6~bpo10+1。这与Debian的普通ffmpeg相冲突，后者依赖于libavdevice58版本7:4.1.6-1~Debian 10u 1。通过在命令行中指定版本，可以显式地请求旧版本：
sudo apt install ffmpeg libavdevice58=7:4.1.6-1~deb10u1至于编码结果，您应该打开第二个问题。正如导游所指出的，有几个参数在一起玩。您的命令实际上将编码器置于平均比特率模式，而不是常量比特率模式。请记住，编码器可能总是选择保持低于目标比特率，如果源材料是足够容易压缩。
页面原文内容由Unix & Linux提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/633114
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