tex-在试图安装texlive时常见的错误-- Ubuntu20.04LTS
tex-在试图安装texlive时常见的错误-- Ubuntu20.04LTS
提问于 2021-10-01 19:52:07
我正在尝试安装texlive。
在一台新机器上“成功地”安装了Ubuntu20.04之后，我“清除”了文本直播，在这种情况下，我无法编译任何在我的其他系统上容易工作的*.tex文件。所以我决定抹去那个装置，然后再试一次。
我将“清除”放在引号中是因为，在试图从我的系统中清除texlive之后(通过执行这个Tex堆栈交换站中接受的答案中给出的步骤)，这个过程似乎并没有像我预期的那样删除所有texlive-related。
尽管如此，我再次尝试安装texlive，现在处于一个绝望的循环中，无论我使用什么命令-- sudo apt-get install 'texlive-*'或sudo apt install texlive-full，或者任何更长、更复杂的命令--我都会遇到一个总是涉及tex-common的错误：
fmtutil failed. Output has been stored in /tmp/fmtutil.L7mCqGpc Please include this file if you report a bug.
dpkg: error processing package tex-common (--configure): installed
tex-common package post-installation script subprocess returned error
exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: tex-common E:
Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)每次尝试失败后，我都要通过同样的步骤来“清除”文本直播，以便从我的系统中删除我希望的所有失败尝试的痕迹。
我注意到，在完成了从我的系统中删除texlive的这八个步骤之后，仍然有一些与tex-common相关的文件。因此，当我尝试sudo apt-get purge tex-common，然后执行locate tex-common时，就会出现16个文件/文件夹。
如何解决这个问题才能成功安装texlive？
N0rbert，谢谢你的回应。PPA..。别以为我用过。对不起，不记得了，我对我的其他机器从来没有问题。我想我只是使用了sudo apt install texlive-full或类似的东西。我可能使用安装了TexWorks ..。用我上面提到的逐步方法抹去它。
grep -r "^deb " /etc/apt/ --include="*.list"的输出：
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/teams.list:deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/ms-teams stable main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/miktex.list:deb http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic universe
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/system76-dev-ubuntu-stable-focal.list:deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76-dev/stable/ubuntu focal main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list:deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable mainapt-cache policy texlive-full的输出：
texlive-full:
Installed: 2019.20200218-1
Candidate: 2019.20200218-1
Version table:
*** 2019.20200218-1 500
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/statussudo apt-get dist upgrade的输出：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
fwupd fwupd-signed google-chrome-stable libegl-mesa0 libegl1-mesa libfwupd2 libfwupdplugin1 libgbm1 libgl1-mesa-dri
libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libglx-mesa0 libmysqlclient21 libnetplan0 libnss-systemd libpam-systemd libsystemd0 libudev1
libxatracker2 linux-firmware mesa-vulkan-drivers netplan.io python3-update-manager system76-driver system76-power systemd
systemd-sysv systemd-timesyncd udev update-manager update-manager-core
31 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 143 kB/312 MB of archives.
After this operation, 5,979 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76-dev/stable/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libegl-mesa0 amd64 21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev [143 kB]
Fetched 135 kB in 1s (240 kB/s)
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
(Reading database ... 475587 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libnss-systemd_245.4-4ubuntu3.13_amd64.deb ...
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Setting up libudev1:amd64 (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
(Reading database ... 475588 files and directories currently installed.)
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Setting up libsystemd0:amd64 (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
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Preparing to unpack .../21-system76-power_1.1.18~1632516399~20.04~0bf0fc7~dev_amd64.deb ...
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Preparing to unpack .../22-system76-driver_20.04.43~1632933380~20.04~0ac2ed2~dev_all.deb ...
Unpacking system76-driver (20.04.43~1632933380~20.04~0ac2ed2~dev) over (20.04.42~1631829434~20.04~fd049c1~dev) ...
Setting up mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up libmysqlclient21:amd64 (8.0.26-0ubuntu0.20.04.3) ...
Setting up libgbm1:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up linux-firmware (1.200+system76~1632347857~20.04~9a6d09b~dev) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-7614-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.11.0-7633-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.11.0-37-generic
Setting up libfwupd2:amd64 (1.5.11-0ubuntu2pop1.1~1632510283~20.04~5dec90e~dev) ...
Setting up libnetplan0:amd64 (0.103-0ubuntu5~20.04.1) ...
Setting up libxatracker2:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up libegl1-mesa:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up tex-common (6.13) ...
Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done.
Running mtxrun --generate. This may take some time... done.
Running updmap-sys. This may take some time... done.
Running mktexlsr /var/lib/texmf ... done.
Building format(s) --all.
This may take some time...
fmtutil failed. Output has been stored in
/tmp/fmtutil.VSeGny8X
Please include this file if you report a bug.
dpkg: error processing package tex-common (--configure):
installed tex-common package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Setting up udev (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up libfwupdplugin1:amd64 (1.5.11-0ubuntu2pop1.1~1632510283~20.04~5dec90e~dev) ...
Setting up libglapi-mesa:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up python3-update-manager (1:20.04.10.9) ...
Setting up fwupd (1.5.11-0ubuntu2pop1.1~1632510283~20.04~5dec90e~dev) ...
fwupd-offline-update.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
fwupd-refresh.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
Setting up google-chrome-stable (94.0.4606.71-1) ...
Setting up libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up fwupd-signed (1.5.11-0ubuntu2pop1.1~1632510283~20.04~5dec90e~dev) ...
Setting up libegl-mesa0:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up update-manager-core (1:20.04.10.9) ...
Setting up libglx-mesa0:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up update-manager (1:20.04.10.9) ...
Setting up libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64 (21.2.1-2ubuntu2pop0~1632348269~20.04~616afda~dev) ...
Setting up systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/dhcp/dhclient-enter-hooks.d/resolved ...
Setting up netplan.io (0.103-0ubuntu5~20.04.1) ...
Setting up systemd-timesyncd (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
Setting up system76-power (1.1.18~1632516399~20.04~0bf0fc7~dev) ...
Setting up systemd-sysv (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
Setting up libnss-systemd:amd64 (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
Setting up libpam-systemd:amd64 (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.24-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.6) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-7614-generic
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.64.6-1~ubuntu20.04.4) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.12.16-2ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up system76-driver (20.04.43~1632933380~20.04~0ac2ed2~dev) ...
INFO product_version: 'meer6'
INFO displayport1_force_enable_audio: Force enable audio output from DP-1 (physical HDMI 1 port.)
INFO Skipping 'displayport1_force_enable_audio' as it was already applied
Errors were encountered while processing:
tex-common
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)apt-cache policy miktex的输出：
miktex:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 21.6-bionic1
Version table:
21.6-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
21.3-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
21.1-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
20.12-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
20.11-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
20.10-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
20.6.29-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
20.6-bionic1 500
500 http://miktex.org/download/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packagessudo apt-get install tree的输出：
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
tree
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 43.0 kB of archives.
After this operation, 115 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 tree amd64 1.8.0-1 [43.0 kB]
Fetched 43.0 kB in 0s (88.5 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package tree.
(Reading database ... 475613 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../tree_1.8.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking tree (1.8.0-1) ...
Setting up tex-common (6.13) ...
Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done.
Running mtxrun --generate. This may take some time... done.
Running updmap-sys. This may take some time... done.
Running mktexlsr /var/lib/texmf ... done.
Building format(s) --all.
This may take some time...
fmtutil failed. Output has been stored in
/tmp/fmtutil.1bdpEBPj
Please include this file if you report a bug.
dpkg: error processing package tex-common (--configure):
installed tex-common package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Setting up tree (1.8.0-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
tex-common
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)`tree /usr/local/bin的输出：
/usr/local/bin
0 directories, 0 filesN0rbert，谢谢你的快速回复。/tmp/fmtutil.VSeGny8X相当大，超过14,000行。有办法上传吗？
是的，运行System76猫鼬硬件。
which miktexsetup什么也不返回。
dpkg -l的输出：
对不起，但是如何上载包含输出的文件？这是另一件大事
回答 1
Ask Ubuntu用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2021-10-02 13:53:39
TL;DR不要使用/混合MikTex与deb打包的TeXLive。不要使用/混合二进制TeXLive和deb打包的TeXLive。只使用deb打包的TeXLive来防止出现问题。
细节。该系统具有活动MikTex存储库。若要防止与TexLive发生冲突，请使用以下命令禁用它：
miktexsetup cleanup
sudo miktexsetup --shared=yes cleanup
sudo apt autoremove --purge miktex
sudo rm -v /etc/apt/sources.list.d/miktex.list
sudo rm -v /etc/fonts/conf.d/09-miktex.conf
sudo apt-get update然后只使用TexLive。
在聊天过程中，我们发现系统在本地安装了纺织品。为此，我们使用了以下步骤：
- 删除所有与TeX相关的包，使用sudo apt自动要求$(dpkg、-l、grep "TeX“、grep ^ii、awk '{print $2}')以及有趣的是--删除过程有几行类似于
dpkg: warning: while removing texlive-latex-extra, directory '/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/statements' not empty so not removed。因此，我们对它们进行了分类并通过命令删除，如: sudo rm /usr/share/fonts/truetype/artemisia sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/fonts/truetype/baskerville sudo rm -rfv /usr/ share/fonts/truetype/bodoni-经典sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/fonts/truetype/truetype/didot rm -rfv /usr/share/fonts/truetype/didot经典sudo rm rm -rfv /usr/share/fonts/truetype/gazis sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/truetype/gentium sudo -rfv /share/fonts/truetype/neohellenic sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/fonts/truetype/olga sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/fonts/truetype/porson sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/fonts/truetype/solomos sudo rm -rfv /usr/ rm / rm /fonts/truetype/theokritos sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/achemso sudo rm -rfv /usr/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/tex//usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/achemso sudo rm -rfv /usr/texlive/texmf-dist/acro sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/animate sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/ /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/caption /base sudo rm -rfv sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/cdpbundl sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/circuitikz sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/胶乳/dtk sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/endfloat rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/exsheets sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fancyvrb sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/glossaries/base sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/乳液/图形sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/hyperref rm -rfv sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/isodoc sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3experimental/l3str sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3kernel sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/latexconfig sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/lettre /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/makedtx sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/memoir sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/memoir sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/minitoc sudo rm -rfv /usr/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/胶乳/ms sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf/dist/特克斯/乳胶/诺曼克尔sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/oberdiek sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pdfpages sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/ tex/胶乳/pdfx sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pkgloader sudo rm -rfv sudo rm rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/cmath rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/dcm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/hwexam sudo rm -rfv sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/metakeys sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/mikoslides sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/modules sudo rm -/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/omdoc sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/omtext sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/presentation sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/problem sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/sproof sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/胶乳/stex/sref sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/statements /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/stex/workaddress sudo rm -rfv sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/sttools sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/titlesec sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tkz-base sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tkz-euclide sudo rm /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/unicode-math sudo rm -rfv /usr/ -rfv /texlive/texmf-dist/tex/ -rfv /xdoc sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texmf/fonts/opentype/public/lm sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texmf/fonts/opentype/public/lm-math - 然后，我们尝试使用以下命令查找与文本相关的文件和文件夹，这些文件和文件夹不是来自deb-包，方法是使用以下命令查找/bin /etc /lib /lib64 /opt /sbin /srv /usr /var -iname "*texlive*“-exec dpkg -S {}；> /dev/null，并显示以下dpkg-查询:没有路径找到匹配模式/usr/share/texlive，该文件夹有98个目录，482个文件(根据
tree /usr/share/texlive)。因此，我们删除了这个文件夹，就像sudo rm -rfv /usr/share/texlive一样简单，然后继续。 - 安装所有需要的东西，如往常一样，sudo -get安装texlive-base sudo apt-get Install tex公共sudo apt-get install texlive-满。
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原文链接：
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1366914
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