blocks|key|3349492|text|URL可以提供很多线索，特别是在内容管理系统中。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3349493|例如，"http://abcxyz.com/node/46“看起来很像Drupal。|offset|length|style|BOLD|3349494|此外，许多框架都有他们使用的标准JavaScript和CSS文件。|3349495|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://abcxyz.com/^0|0|M|7|4|I|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|S|8|@$D|T|E|U|F|G]]|9|@$D|V|E|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|A|$P|Q]]]]

URLs can give a lot of clues, especially with Content Management Systems.

For example "<a href="http://abcxyz.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://abcxyz.com/</a>node/46" looks a lot like Drupal.

Also many frameworks have standard JavaScript and CSS files they use.

blocks|key|3136651|text|有各种各样的东西你可以留心，但它并不能真正给你任何关于网站背后的技术的确定性。一般来说，这样的信息是人们想要隐藏的，因为暴露的信息越多，恶意各方可能就越容易识别安全漏洞或拒绝服务漏洞。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3136652|如果我感兴趣，我可能会看一下，没有特别的顺序：|3136653|用于注释的|3136654|urls和文件extensions.|unordered-list-item|3136655|HTTP响应头，或标准JS库|3136656|3136657|顺便说一句，其他答案中提到的工具只是为你查看了网站的上述属性中的一部分，尽管是自动的，而且速度更快。:)|3136658|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|H|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|O|$]]

There are all sorts of things you can look out for, but it doesn't really give you any certainty as to the technology behind a site. In general, information like that is something people will want to hide, as the more information that is exposed the easier it might be for malicious parties to identify security vulnerabilities or denial of service holes.

If I was interested I'd probably look, in no particular order, at:

<ul>
<li>urls, and file extensions.</li>
<li>HTTP response headers</li>
<li>Source code for comments, or standard JS libraries</li>
</ul>

Incidentally, the tools mentioned in other answers are only looking at some of the above properties of the site for you, albeit automatically, and slightly quicker. :)

blocks|key|351830|text|您可以使用http://builtwith.com来确定使用了哪种服务器和编程语言。例如，它告诉我，它使用IIS7，谷歌分析，html4和utf8。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|351831|如果你想知道framework...well，仅仅从网站上看可能是不可能的。你为什么不给他们写封电子邮件？;)|351832|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://builtwith.com/^0|5|K|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@$A|O|B|P|1|Q]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|M]]]]

You could use <a href="http://builtwith.com" rel="noreferrer">http://builtwith.com</a> to figure out which server and programming language was used. For example it told me that SO uses IIS7, google analytics, html4 and utf8.

If you want to know the framework...well that will probably not be possible just from looking at the site. Why don't you write them an email? ;)

blocks|key|353223|text|您可以使用domaintools.com来查找网站的服务器信息，并缩小范围以确定它是否是开源的/微软：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|353224|http://whois.domaintools.com/stackoverflow.com|offset|length|353225|在此之后，只需在页脚中查找提示信息，如"Powered+by+WordPress“或"vBulletin”等。|353226|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|0|0|1A|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@$D|Q|E|R|1|S]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|C]]]]

You can use domaintools.com to lookup the server information for a website and narrow down to whether it's open source / Microsoft:

<a href="http://whois.domaintools.com/stackoverflow.com" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://whois.domaintools.com/stackoverflow.com</a>

And after that it's a matter of looking in the footer for tip-offs such as "Powered by WordPress" or "vBulletin" etc.

blocks|key|354424|text|是的，对于像Drupal、Joomla、Pligg和RoR等常见的CMS来说，有一些迹象是可以说明问题的。。。ASP.NET的东西也很容易被发现..但是随着框架变得越来越模糊，就更难推断了。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|354425|我通常会将我正在侦听的站点与我知道是使用特定技术构建的另一个站点进行比较。这有时很管用..|354426|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

yes there are some telltale signs for common CMSs like Drupal, Joomla, Pligg, and RoR etc .. .. ASP.NET stuff is easy to spot too .. but as the framework becomes more obscure it gets harder to deduce .. 

What I usually is compare the site i am snooping with another site that I know is built using a particular tech. That sometimes works ..

blocks|key|3349532|text|大多数ASP.NET站点很容易从URL中的.aspx中识别出来。在HTML源中也有一些标志，比如一个名为__VIEWSTATE或WebResource.axd+JavaScript的隐藏表单域。HTML元素通常具有以_ctl0开头的id属性。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|3349533|Rails站点通常包含来自/stylesheets的样式表和来自/javascripts的JavaScript文件，并且每个URL通常都有一个包含时间戳的查询字符串，以阻止缓存。表单域通常遵循model_name[attribute_name]的命名约定。|3349534|entityMap^0|1G|B|30|5|0|2O|Q|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|J|8|@$9|K|A|L|B|C]|$9|M|A|N|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|I|$]]

Most ASP.NET sites are easy to identify from the .aspx in the URLs. There are also telltale signs in the HTML source, like a hidden form field named <code>__VIEWSTATE</code> or the WebResource.axd JavaScript. HTML elements will often have id attributes starting with something like <code>_ctl0</code>.

Rails sites will usually include stylesheets from /stylesheets and JavaScript files from /javascripts and each URL will usually have a query string containing a timestamp to thwart caching. Form fields will often follow the naming convention of <code>model_name[attribute_name]</code>.

blocks|key|354430|text|我为火狐使用了一个插件，它为我提供了托管网站的IP和国家，以及名为Domain+Details的Web服务器名称，而对于javascript框架，我使用了WTFramework|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|354431|我仍然需要知道它是在什么脚本上编写的，但这是一个开始:)|354432|希望能有所帮助。|354433|附注:输出结果如下：|354434|alt+text+http://img88.imageshack.us/img88/2505/200812282328ha0.png|354435|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/2166|1|http://blog.olicio.us/2008/11/08/wtframework-bookmarklet/|2|http://img88.imageshack.us/img88/2505/200812282328ha0.png^0|X|E|0|25|B|1|0|0|0|0|0|1U|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@$A|Y|B|Z|1|10]|$A|11|B|12|1|13]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@$A|18|B|19|1|1A]]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|M|$N|$5|O|P|Q|C|$R|S]]|T|$5|O|P|Q|C|$R|U]]|V|$5|O|P|Q|C|$R|W]]]]

I use 1 plug in for Firefox that gives me the IP and country for the hosting website and it's Web Server name called <a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/2166" rel="noreferrer">Domain Details</a>, and for javascript framework I use <a href="http://blog.olicio.us/2008/11/08/wtframework-bookmarklet/" rel="noreferrer">WTFramework</a>

I still need to wonder what script it was written on, but it is a start :)

Hope it helps.

P.S. the output will be something like this:

<a href="http://img88.imageshack.us/img88/2505/200812282328ha0.png" rel="noreferrer">alt text http://img88.imageshack.us/img88/2505/200812282328ha0.png</a>

blocks|key|3136704|text|访问Netcraft并使用"What's+site+running?“左上角的搜索框。单击此处查看有关Stack+Overflow的报告。它不一定是正确的(例如，可能存在缓存或负载平衡)，但它通常会为您提供所需的线索。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3136705|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://news.netcraft.com/|1|http://toolbar.netcraft.com/site_report?url=http://www.stackoverflow.com^0|2|8|0|1F|E|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@$A|O|B|P|1|Q]|$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]|L|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|M]]]]

Go to <a href="http://news.netcraft.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Netcraft</a> and use the "What's that site running?" search box in the top left corner. Click here for the report on <a href="http://toolbar.netcraft.com/site_report?url=http://www.stackoverflow.com" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Stack Overflow</a>. It won't necessarily be correct (e.g., there could be caching or load balancing in the way), but it often gives you the clue you need.

blocks|key|351861|text|有些人甚至可能故意掩盖他们使用的技术。毕竟，我不会花很长时间来调整apache，使".asp“实际上运行perl脚本，并在我的页脚中放入"powered+by+Microsoft+IIS”，尽管我使用的是MySQL。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|351862|那样的话，你就会把所有的时间都花在攻击我的网站上，而这些漏洞实际上并不存在。|351863|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

Some people might even deliberately obscure the technology they use. After all, it wouldn't take me long to tweak apache so that ".asp" actually ran perl scripts and put "powered by Microsoft IIS" into my footer despite the fact I used MySQL.

That way you'd spend all your time trying to hack my site using vulnerabilities it doesn't actually have.

blocks|key|3136710|text|检查网站提供的cookie可以揭示底层框架。例如，CodeIgniter默认使用一个很明显的ci_sessions+cookie。使用PEAR+Auth的网站也会做类似的事情。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3136711|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Examining the cookies the site gives can reveal the underlying framework. CodeIgniter, for example defaults to a telltale ci_sessions cookie. Sites using PEAR Auth will do something similar.

blocks|key|3136716|text|http://www.quarkbase.com/是一个非常好的工具和信息网站|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3136717|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.quarkbase.com/^0|0|P|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

<a href="http://www.quarkbase.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.quarkbase.com/</a> is a very nice tool and information website

blocks|key|354446|text|查看Chrome+Sniffer，这是一个很好的轻量级解决方案。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|354447|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://chrome.google.com/extensions/detail/homgcnaoacgigpkkljjjekpignblkeae^0|2|E|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

Check out <a href="https://chrome.google.com/extensions/detail/homgcnaoacgigpkkljjjekpignblkeae" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Chrome Sniffer</a>, a great light-weight solution.

blocks|key|3136721|text|还有W3Techs，它显示了许多这样的信息。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3136722|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://w3techs.com/sites^0|2|7|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

There is also <a href="http://w3techs.com/sites" rel="nofollow">W3Techs</a>, which shows you much of that information.

blocks|key|3136724|text|我使用WebParser+(http://www.cybermake.com)来确定网站使用的内容管理系统。它允许确定多个网站的内容管理，以及它可以从搜索引擎中为给定的关键字列表拉取网站列表。强大的工具。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3136725|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.cybermake.com/^0|E|O|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

I use WebParser (<a href="http://www.cybermake.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.cybermake.com</a>) that allows to determine the CMS used by a website. It allows to determine CMS for multiple websites as well as it can pull the list of websites from the search engines for a given list of keywords. Powerful tool.

blocks|key|3349609|text|在Linux/OSX中，我经常使用简单的命令curl+-sI+www.site.com|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|3349610|entityMap^0|M|L|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

In Linux/OSX I often use simple command <code>curl -sI www.site.com</code>

blocks|key|354473|text|http://guess.scritch.org/为CMS做到了这一点。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|354474|只需输入URL，它就会尝试猜测CMS。在这种情况下，它告诉我我的博客正在运行wordpress+3.4.2+(这是正确的，我刚刚检查过了！)|354475|​|354476|📷|atomic|354477|354478|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://guess.scritch.org/|1|IMAGE|IMMUTABLE|imageUrl|https://ask.qcloudimg.com/http-save/yehe-900000/1f3784a0b1dce65e08ec777e86ad2682.png|imageAlt^0|0|P|0|0|0|0|0|1|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@$A|10|B|11|1|12]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|15|8|@]|9|@$A|16|B|17|1|18]]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|G|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|M|$N|$5|O|P|Q|C|$R|S]]|T|$5|U|P|V|C|$W|X|Y|-4]]]]

<a href="http://guess.scritch.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://guess.scritch.org/</a> does this for CMSs.

Just pop in the URL and it'll try to guess the CMS. In this case it tells me my blog is running wordpress 3.4.2 (which is correct, I just checked!)

<img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/CHUmK.png" alt="enter image description here">

blocks|key|351930|text|您可以使用http://builtbased.com/来确定使用了哪种服务器、框架和编程语言。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|351931|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://builtbased.com/^0|5|M|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

You could use <a href="http://builtbased.com/" rel="nofollow">http://builtbased.com/</a> to figure out which server, framework and programming language was used.

blocks|key|3136817|text|http://www.similartech.com是我们开发的一个新工具，它可以做到这一点，并且很好地呈现了它。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3136818|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.similartech.com/^0|0|Q|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

<a href="http://www.similartech.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.similartech.com</a> is a new tool we made, that does just that and presents it very nicely.

Quite often I come across a nice looking or functional website, and wonder what technology was used to create it. What techniques are available to figure out what a
particular website was built with?

Few frameworks seem to include any kind of generator meta tag like web editors do. Are there any tell-tale signs of particular languages and/or frameworks?

<hr>

Summary of answers

Site URLs may betray the framework and/or programming language but cannot be relied upon (e.g. file extensions such as .asp). HTTP response headers, cookies, stylesheets and source comments may also give clues.

Some nice tools for querying site details (no doubt there are many more):

<ul>
<li><a href="http://builtwith.com/" rel="noreferrer">BuiltWith</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.domaintools.com/" rel="noreferrer">DomainTools</a></li>
<li><a href="http://news.netcraft.com/" rel="noreferrer">NetCraft</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3techs.com/sites" rel="noreferrer">W3Techs</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.similartech.com" rel="noreferrer">SimilarTech</a></li>
</ul>

Firefox addons:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://wappalyzer.com/" rel="noreferrer">Wappalyzer</a> - CMS, frameworks/libraries, e-commerce, message boards etc.</li>
<li><a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/2166" rel="noreferrer">Domain Details</a> - IP, country and webserver details</li>
<li><a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/10083" rel="noreferrer">Library Detector</a> - Javascript libraries in use</li>
</ul>

Chrome Extensions:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://wappalyzer.com/" rel="noreferrer">Wappalyzer</a></li>
<li><a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/similartech-site-technolo/jiabgmelnfhgjkfdaoiccfcbaedjfcnm" rel="noreferrer">SimilarTech</a></li>
<li><a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/pagexray/aedmpdookgbneegaeajpoldpnpfbpmlb" rel="noreferrer">PageXray</a></li>
</ul>

Bookmarklets:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://blog.olicio.us/2008/11/08/wtframework-bookmarklet/" rel="noreferrer">WTFramework</a> - shows Javascript framework in use</li>
</ul>

How do you determine what technology a website is built on?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我经常会遇到一个好看的或者功能强大的网站，我想知道是用什么技术来创建的。有什么技术可以用来找出一个特定的网站是用什么来构建的？很少有框架像web编辑器那样包含任何类型的生成器元标签。是否有任何特定语言和/或框架的迹象？答案摘要站点URL可能会泄露框架和/或编程语言，但不能依赖(例如，.asp等文件扩展名)。HTTP响应...

问你如何确定一个网站是建立在什么技术之上的？
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问你如何确定一个网站是建立在什么技术之上的？EN