blocks|key|710226|text|dir=/home/smith/Desktop/Test
parentdir="$(dirname+"$dir")"|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|710227|如果也有尾随斜杠，则有效。|unstyled|710228|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|F|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<pre><code>dir=/home/smith/Desktop/Test
parentdir="$(dirname "$dir")"
</code></pre>

<p>Works if there is a trailing slash, too.</p>


blocks|key|494796|text|只需在想要找出其父目录的目录中工作时使用echo+$(cd+../+&&+pwd)即可。这个链还有一个额外的好处，那就是没有尾部斜杠。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|494797|entityMap^0|K|L|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

<p>Just use <code>echo $(cd ../ &amp;&amp; pwd)</code> while working in the directory whose parent dir you want to find out. This chain also has the added benefit of not having trailing slashes. </p>


blocks|key|494556|text|...but+"seen+here“是坏的。修复方法如下：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|494557|>+pwd
/home/me
>+x='Om+Namah+Shivaya'
>+mkdir+"$x"+&&+cd+"$x"
/home/me/Om+Namah+Shivaya
>+parentdir="$(dirname+"$(pwd)")"
>+echo+$parentdir
/home/me|code-block|syntax|javascript|494558|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://arkbashtipsandtricks.blogspot.ch/2006/02/how-to-get-parent-directory-of-folder.html^0|D|4|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

<p>...but what is "seen <a href="http://arkbashtipsandtricks.blogspot.ch/2006/02/how-to-get-parent-directory-of-folder.html" rel="noreferrer">here</a>" is broken. Here's the fix:</p>



<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>&gt; pwd
/home/me
&gt; x='Om Namah Shivaya'
&gt; mkdir "$x" &amp;&amp; cd "$x"
/home/me/Om Namah Shivaya
&gt; parentdir="$(dirname "$(pwd)")"
&gt; echo $parentdir
/home/me
</code></pre>


blocks|key|494929|text|寻找另一个答案的动机|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|494930|我喜欢非常简短，清晰，有保证的代码。加分如果它不运行外部程序，因为你需要处理大量的条目，它将明显更快。|494931|原则|494932|不确定你有什么保证和想要什么，所以无论如何都要提供。|494933|如果你有保证，你可以用很短的代码来完成。这个想法是使用bash文本替换功能来削减最后一个斜杠和其他任何东西。|494934|按从简单到复杂的顺序回答原问题。|494935|如果路径保证结束时没有任何斜杠(输入和输出)|494936|P=/home/smith/Desktop/Test+;+echo+"${P%25/*}"
/home/smith/Desktop|code-block|syntax|javascript|494937|如果路径保证只有一个斜杠结束(输入和输出)|494938|P=/home/smith/Desktop/Test/+;+echo+"${P%25/*/}/"
/home/smith/Desktop/|494939|如果输入路径可能以零或一个斜杠(不超过)结束，而您希望输出路径不带斜杠结束|494940|for+P+in+\
++++/home/smith/Desktop/Test+\
++++/home/smith/Desktop/Test/
do
++++P_ENDNOSLASH="${P%25/}"+;+echo+"${P_ENDNOSLASH%25/*}"
done

/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop|494941|如果输入路径可能有许多无关的斜杠，而您希望输出路径在没有斜杠的情况下结束|494942|for+P+in+\
++++/home/smith/Desktop/Test+\
++++/home/smith/Desktop/Test/+\
++++/home/smith///Desktop////Test//+
do
++++P_NODUPSLASH="${P//\/*(\/)/\/}"
++++P_ENDNOSLASH="${P_NODUPSLASH%25%25/}"
++++echo+"${P_ENDNOSLASH%25/*}";+++
done

/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop|494943|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|P|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$Q|R]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|P|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$Q|R]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|P|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$Q|R]]|$1|10|3|11|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|12|3|13|5|P|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$Q|R]]|$1|14|3|-4|5|6|7|1K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|15|$]]

<h1>Motivation for another answer</h1>

<p>I like very short, clear, guaranteed code.  Bonus point if it does not run an external program, since the day you need to process a huge number of entries, it will be noticeably faster.</p>

<h1>Principle</h1>

<p>Not sure about what guarantees you have and want, so offering anyway.</p>

<p>If you have guarantees you can do it with very short code. The idea is to use bash text substitution feature to cut the last slash and whatever follows.</p>

<p>Answer from simple to more complex cases of the original question.</p>

<h2>If path is guaranteed to end without any slash (in and out)</h2>

<pre><code>P=/home/smith/Desktop/Test ; echo "${P%/*}"
/home/smith/Desktop
</code></pre>

<h2>If path is guaranteed to end with exactly one slash (in and out)</h2>

<pre><code>P=/home/smith/Desktop/Test/ ; echo "${P%/*/}/"
/home/smith/Desktop/
</code></pre>

<h2>If input path may end with zero or one slash (not more) and you want output path to end without slash</h2>

<pre><code>for P in \
    /home/smith/Desktop/Test \
    /home/smith/Desktop/Test/
do
    P_ENDNOSLASH="${P%/}" ; echo "${P_ENDNOSLASH%/*}"
done

/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop
</code></pre>

<h2>If input path may have many extraneous slashes and you want output path to end without slash</h2>

<pre><code>for P in \
    /home/smith/Desktop/Test \
    /home/smith/Desktop/Test/ \
    /home/smith///Desktop////Test// 
do
    P_NODUPSLASH="${P//\/*(\/)/\/}"
    P_ENDNOSLASH="${P_NODUPSLASH%%/}"
    echo "${P_ENDNOSLASH%/*}";   
done

/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop
</code></pre>


blocks|key|494482|text|如果/home/smith/Desktop/Test/../是您想要的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|494483|dirname+'path/to/child/dir'|code-block|syntax|javascript|494484|正如here所见。|494485|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://arkbashtipsandtricks.blogspot.com/2006/02/how-to-get-parent-directory-of-folder.html^0|2|S|0|0|2|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@$9|Z|A|10|1|11]]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|E|$S|T]]]]

<p>If <code>/home/smith/Desktop/Test/../</code> is what you want:</p>

<pre><code>dirname 'path/to/child/dir'
</code></pre>

<p>as seen <a href="http://arkbashtipsandtricks.blogspot.com/2006/02/how-to-get-parent-directory-of-folder.html" rel="noreferrer">here</a>.</p>


blocks|key|710697|text|如果您只需要父目录的名称：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|710698|parent_dir_name=$(basename+$(dirname+$PWD))|code-block|syntax|javascript|710699|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<p>If you need just the name of parent directory:</p>
<pre><code>parent_dir_name=$(basename $(dirname $PWD))
</code></pre>


blocks|key|710307|text|根据您是否需要绝对路径，您可能需要采取额外的步骤：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|710308|child='/home/smith/Desktop/Test/'
parent=$(dirname+"$child")
abs_parent=$(realpath+"$parent")|code-block|syntax|javascript|710309|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<p>Depending on whether you need absolute paths you may want to take an extra step:</p>

<pre><code>child='/home/smith/Desktop/Test/'
parent=$(dirname "$child")
abs_parent=$(realpath "$parent")
</code></pre>


blocks|key|494623|text|如果您想要第四个父目录，请使用这个：export+MYVAR="$(dirname+"$(dirname+"$(dirname+"$(dirname+$PWD)")")")"|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|494624|如果您想要第三个父目录，则使用export+MYVAR="$(dirname+"$(dirname+"$(dirname+$PWD)")")"|494625|如果您想要第二个父目录，则使用export+MYVAR="$(dirname+"$(dirname+$PWD)")"|494626|entityMap^0|I|1X|0|F|1K|0|F|17|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@$9|M|A|N|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|R|8|@$9|S|A|T|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$]]

<p>use this : <code>export MYVAR="$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname $PWD)")")")"</code> if you want 4th parent directory </p>

<p><code>export MYVAR="$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname $PWD)")")"</code> 
if you want 3rd parent directory </p>

<p><code>export MYVAR="$(dirname "$(dirname $PWD)")"</code> 
if you want 2nd parent directory</p>


blocks|key|494838|text|丑陋但高效|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|494839|function+Parentdir()|code-block|syntax|javascript|494840|{|494841|local+lookFor_+parent_+switch_+i_

lookFor_="$1"

#if+it+is+not+a+file,+we+need+the+grand+parent
[+-f+"$lookFor_"+]+%7C%7C+switch_="/.."

#length+of+search+string
i_="${#lookFor_}"

#remove+string+one+by+one+until+it+make+sens+for+the+system
while+[+"$i_"+-ge+0+]+&&+[+!+-d+"${lookFor_:0:$i_}"+];
do
++++let+i_--
done

#get+real+path
parent_="$(realpath+"${lookFor_:0:$i_}$switch_")"+

#done
echo+"
lookFor_:+$1
{lookFor_:0:$i_}:+${lookFor_:0:$i_}
realpath+{lookFor_:0:$i_}:+$(realpath+${lookFor_:0:$i_})
parent_:+$parent_+
"|494842|}|494843|++++lookFor_:+/home/Om+Namah+Shivaya
{lookFor_:0:6}:+/home/
realpath+{lookFor_:0:6}:+/home
parent_:+/home+


lookFor_:+/var/log
{lookFor_:0:8}:+/var/log
realpath+{lookFor_:0:8}:+/UNIONFS/var/log
parent_:+/UNIONFS/var+


lookFor_:+/var/log/
{lookFor_:0:9}:+/var/log/
realpath+{lookFor_:0:9}:+/UNIONFS/var/log
parent_:+/UNIONFS/var+


lookFor_:+/tmp//res.log/..
{lookFor_:0:6}:+/tmp//
realpath+{lookFor_:0:6}:+/tmp
parent_:+/+


lookFor_:+/media/sdc8/../sdc8/Debian_Master//a
{lookFor_:0:35}:+/media/sdc8/../sdc8/Debian_Master//
realpath+{lookFor_:0:35}:+/media/sdc8/Debian_Master
parent_:+/media/sdc8+


lookFor_:+/media/sdc8//Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/a
{lookFor_:0:44}:+/media/sdc8//Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/
realpath+{lookFor_:0:44}:+/media/sdc8/Debian_Master
parent_:+/media/sdc8+


lookFor_:+/media/sdc8/Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/For_Debian
{lookFor_:0:53}:+/media/sdc8/Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/For_Debian
realpath+{lookFor_:0:53}:+/media/sdc8/Debian_Master/For_Debian
parent_:+/media/sdc8/Debian_Master+


lookFor_:+/tmp/../res.log
{lookFor_:0:8}:+/tmp/../
realpath+{lookFor_:0:8}:+/
parent_:+/|494844|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

<p>ugly but efficient</p>

<pre><code>function Parentdir()
</code></pre>

<p>{</p>

<pre><code>local lookFor_ parent_ switch_ i_

lookFor_="$1"

#if it is not a file, we need the grand parent
[ -f "$lookFor_" ] || switch_="/.."

#length of search string
i_="${#lookFor_}"

#remove string one by one until it make sens for the system
while [ "$i_" -ge 0 ] &amp;&amp; [ ! -d "${lookFor_:0:$i_}" ];
do
    let i_--
done

#get real path
parent_="$(realpath "${lookFor_:0:$i_}$switch_")" 

#done
echo "
lookFor_: $1
{lookFor_:0:$i_}: ${lookFor_:0:$i_}
realpath {lookFor_:0:$i_}: $(realpath ${lookFor_:0:$i_})
parent_: $parent_ 
"
</code></pre>

<p>}</p>

<pre><code>    lookFor_: /home/Om Namah Shivaya
{lookFor_:0:6}: /home/
realpath {lookFor_:0:6}: /home
parent_: /home 


lookFor_: /var/log
{lookFor_:0:8}: /var/log
realpath {lookFor_:0:8}: /UNIONFS/var/log
parent_: /UNIONFS/var 


lookFor_: /var/log/
{lookFor_:0:9}: /var/log/
realpath {lookFor_:0:9}: /UNIONFS/var/log
parent_: /UNIONFS/var 


lookFor_: /tmp//res.log/..
{lookFor_:0:6}: /tmp//
realpath {lookFor_:0:6}: /tmp
parent_: / 


lookFor_: /media/sdc8/../sdc8/Debian_Master//a
{lookFor_:0:35}: /media/sdc8/../sdc8/Debian_Master//
realpath {lookFor_:0:35}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master
parent_: /media/sdc8 


lookFor_: /media/sdc8//Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/a
{lookFor_:0:44}: /media/sdc8//Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/
realpath {lookFor_:0:44}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master
parent_: /media/sdc8 


lookFor_: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/For_Debian
{lookFor_:0:53}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master/../Debian_Master/For_Debian
realpath {lookFor_:0:53}: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master/For_Debian
parent_: /media/sdc8/Debian_Master 


lookFor_: /tmp/../res.log
{lookFor_:0:8}: /tmp/../
realpath {lookFor_:0:8}: /
parent_: /
</code></pre>


blocks|key|710545|text|从想法/评论查尔斯·达菲开始-14年12月17日5:32关于主题Get+current+directory+name+(without+full+path)+in+a+Bash+script|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|710546|#!/bin/bash
#INFO+:+https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1371261/get-current-directory-name-without-full-path-in-a-bash-script
#+comment+:+by+Charles+Duffy -+Dec+17+'14+at+5:32
#+at+the+beginning+:



declare+-a+dirName[]

function+getDirNames(){
dirNr="$(++IFS=/+read+-r+-a+dirs+<<<"${dirTree}";+printf+'%25s\n'+"$((${#dirs[@]}+-+1))"++)"

for((+cnt=0+;+cnt+<+${dirNr}+;+cnt%2B%2B))
++do
++++++dirName[$cnt]="$(+IFS=/+read+-r+-a+dirs+<<<"$PWD";+printf+'%25s\n'+"${dirs[${#dirs[@]}+-+$((+$cnt%2B1))]}"++)"
++++++#information+–+feedback
++++++echo+"$cnt+:++${dirName[$cnt]}"
++done
}

dirTree=$PWD;
getDirNames;|code-block|syntax|javascript|710547|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1371261/get-current-directory-name-without-full-path-in-a-bash-script^0|W|1R|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

<p>Started from the idea/comment Charles Duffy - Dec 17 '14 at 5:32 on the topic <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1371261/get-current-directory-name-without-full-path-in-a-bash-script">Get current directory name (without full path) in a Bash script</a></p>

<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
#INFO : https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1371261/get-current-directory-name-without-full-path-in-a-bash-script
# comment : by Charles Duffy - Dec 17 '14 at 5:32
# at the beginning :



declare -a dirName[]

function getDirNames(){
dirNr="$(  IFS=/ read -r -a dirs &lt;&lt;&lt;"${dirTree}"; printf '%s\n' "$((${#dirs[@]} - 1))"  )"

for(( cnt=0 ; cnt &lt; ${dirNr} ; cnt++))
  do
      dirName[$cnt]="$( IFS=/ read -r -a dirs &lt;&lt;&lt;"$PWD"; printf '%s\n' "${dirs[${#dirs[@]} - $(( $cnt+1))]}"  )"
      #information – feedback
      echo "$cnt :  ${dirName[$cnt]}"
  done
}

dirTree=$PWD;
getDirNames;
</code></pre>


blocks|key|495032|text|无论出于何种原因，如果您对浏览特定数量的目录感兴趣，也可以这样做：nth_path=$(cd+"$(+dirname+"${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"+)"+>/dev/null+2>&1+&&+cd+../../../+&&+pwd)。这将给出3个父目录|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|495033|entityMap^0|X|2G|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

<p>if for whatever reason you are interested in navigating up a specific number of directories you could also do: <code>nth_path=$(cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;&amp; cd ../../../ &amp;&amp; pwd)</code>. This would give 3 parents directories up</p>


blocks|key|495078|text|这将上升到父文件夹|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|495079|cd+../|code-block|syntax|javascript|495080|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<p>This would go up to the parent folder</p>
<pre><code>cd ../
</code></pre>


<p>If I have a file path such as...</p>

<pre><code>/home/smith/Desktop/Test
/home/smith/Desktop/Test/
</code></pre>

<p>How do I change the string so it will be the parent directory?</p>

<p>e.g.</p>

<pre><code>/home/smith/Desktop
/home/smith/Desktop/
</code></pre>


Getting the parent of a directory in Bash

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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如果我有一个文件路径，比如.../home/smith/Desktop/Test/home/smith/Desktop/Test/如何更改字符串，使其成为父目录？例如：/home/smith/Desktop/home/smith/Desktop/

问在Bash中获取目录的父目录
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回答 12

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问在Bash中获取目录的父目录EN

回答 12

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问在Bash中获取目录的父目录
EN