blocks|key|556369|text|这将起作用(使用zsh和bash进行测试)：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|556370|[alias]+chs+=+!git+checkout+$1+&&+git+status|code-block|syntax|javascript|556371|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

This will work (tested with zsh and bash):

<pre><code>[alias] chs = !git checkout $1 &amp;&amp; git status
</code></pre>

blocks|key|556629|text|这针对Windows批处理/+msysgit+bash；可能在其他环境中不起作用。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|556630|正如Olivier+Verdier和莉莉·巴拉德所说|556631|[alias]+chs+=+!git+checkout+$1+&&+git+status|offset|length|style|CODE|556632|几乎可以工作，但给出了一个虚假的额外参数插入...|556633|git+chs+demo+->+git+checkout+demo+&&+git+status+demo|556634|但是，如果您将&&+:添加到别名的末尾，那么虚假参数将被使用到位置标记中。|556635|所以|556636|[alias]+chs+=+!git+checkout+$1+&&+git+status+&&+:|code-block|syntax|javascript|556637|给出正确的输出...+git+chs+demo+->+git+checkout+demo+&&+git+status|556638|entityMap^0|0|0|0|18|0|0|0|1G|0|7|4|0|0|0|B|1B|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|12|8|@$F|13|G|14|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|16|8|@$F|17|G|18|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|19|8|@$F|1A|G|1B|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|T|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$U|V]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|1E|8|@$F|1F|G|1G|H|I]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|-4|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|Z|$]]

This targets Windows batch / msysgit bash; might not work on other environments.

As Olivier Verdier and Lily Ballard have said

<code>[alias] chs = !git checkout $1 &amp;&amp; git status</code>

almost works, but gives a spurious extra insertion of the argument ...

<code>git chs demo -&gt; git checkout demo &amp;&amp; git status demo</code>

But if you add <code>&amp;&amp; :</code> to the end of your alias, then the spurious argument is consumed into a location tag.

So 

<pre><code>[alias] chs = !git checkout $1 &amp;&amp; git status &amp;&amp; :
</code></pre>

gives the correct output ...
<code>git chs demo -&gt; git checkout demo &amp;&amp; git status</code>

blocks|key|772893|text|您可以定义shell函数。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|772894|[alias]+chs+=+"!f(){+git+checkout+\"$1\"+&&+git+status;+};f"|code-block|syntax|javascript|772895|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

You can define a shell function.

<pre><code>[alias] chs = "!f(){ git checkout \"$1\" &amp;&amp; git status; };f"
</code></pre>

blocks|key|556705|text|我能够创建多行且相当复杂的git别名。它们在Windows上工作得很好，但我假设它们也可以在其他地方工作，例如：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|556706|safereset+=+"!f()+{+\
++++++++++++++++trap+'echo+ERROR:+Operation+failed;+return'+ERR;+\
++++++++++++++++echo+Making+sure+there+are+no+changes...;+\
++++++++++++++++last_status=$(git+status+--porcelain);\
++++++++++++++++if+[[+$last_status+!=+\"\"+]];+then\
++++++++++++++++++++echo+There+are+dirty+files:;\
++++++++++++++++++++echo+\"$last_status\";\
++++++++++++++++++++echo;\
++++++++++++++++++++echo+-n+\"Enter+Y+if+you+would+like+to+DISCARD+these+changes+or+W+to+commit+them+as+WIP:+\";\
++++++++++++++++++++read+dirty_operation;\
++++++++++++++++++++if+[+\"$dirty_operation\"+==+\"Y\"+];+then+\
++++++++++++++++++++++++echo+Resetting...;\
++++++++++++++++++++++++git+reset+--hard;\
++++++++++++++++++++elif+[+\"$dirty_operation\"+==+\"W\"+];+then\
++++++++++++++++++++++++echo+Comitting+WIP...;\
++++++++++++++++++++++++git+commit+-a+--message='WIP'+>+/dev/null+&&+echo+WIP+Comitted;\
++++++++++++++++++++else\
++++++++++++++++++++++++echo+Operation+cancelled;\
++++++++++++++++++++++++exit+1;\
++++++++++++++++++++fi;\
++++++++++++++++fi;\
++++++++++++};+\
++++++++++++f"|code-block|syntax|javascript|556707|我写了一篇文章，并有更多的例子here。|offset|length|556708|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://medium.com/@vitalyb/creating-powerful-git-aliases-3dfc0efc9a31^0|0|0|F|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$I|V|J|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]]]

I was able to create multi-line and quite complex git aliases. They work fine on Windows but I assume they'd work elsewhere too, for example:

<pre><code>safereset = "!f() { \
 trap 'echo ERROR: Operation failed; return' ERR; \
 echo Making sure there are no changes...; \
 last_status=$(git status --porcelain);\
 if [[ $last_status != \"\" ]]; then\
 echo There are dirty files:;\
 echo \"$last_status\";\
 echo;\
 echo -n \"Enter Y if you would like to DISCARD these changes or W to commit them as WIP: \";\
 read dirty_operation;\
 if [ \"$dirty_operation\" == \"Y\" ]; then \
 echo Resetting...;\
 git reset --hard;\
 elif [ \"$dirty_operation\" == \"W\" ]; then\
 echo Comitting WIP...;\
 git commit -a --message='WIP' &gt; /dev/null &amp;&amp; echo WIP Comitted;\
 else\
 echo Operation cancelled;\
 exit 1;\
 fi;\
 fi;\
 }; \
 f"
</code></pre>

I wrote a post and have a few more examples <a href="https://medium.com/@vitalyb/creating-powerful-git-aliases-3dfc0efc9a31" rel="noreferrer">here</a>.

blocks|key|772899|text|[alias]
chs+=+!git+branch+&&+git+status|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|772900|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>[alias]
chs = !git branch &amp;&amp; git status
</code></pre>

blocks|key|772926|text|试试这个：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|772927|[alias]
++++chs+=+"!sh+-c+'git+checkout+\"$0\"+&&+git+status'"|code-block|syntax|javascript|772928|这样命名：git+chs+master|offset|length|style|CODE|772929|entityMap^0|0|0|5|E|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@$I|R|J|S|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

Try this one:

<pre><code>[alias]
 chs = "!sh -c 'git checkout \"$0\" &amp;&amp; git status'"
</code></pre>

Call it like this: <code>git chs master</code>

blocks|key|772975|text|可以通过在每行末尾附加\来获得多行git别名。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|772976|[alias]+
+++chs+=+"!git+checkout+$1+\+
++++++++++;+git+status+++++\
+++++++++"|code-block|syntax|javascript|772977|entityMap^0|B|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

It's possible to have multiline git alias by appending <code>\</code> at the end of each line.

<pre><code>[alias] 
 chs = "!git checkout $1 \ 
 ; git status \
 "
</code></pre>

blocks|key|773057|text|这里的问题是位置参数似乎被发送给shell命令两次(从git+1.9.2开始)。要理解我的意思，请尝试以下命令：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|773058|[alias]
++test+=+!git+echo+$*|code-block|syntax|javascript|773059|然后，执行git+test+this+is+my+testing+string。您应该看到以下输出(为清楚起见，在此处编辑了最后两行)：|offset|length|style|CODE|773060|03:41:24+(release)+~/Projects/iOS$+git+test+this+is+my+testing+string
this+is+my+testing+string+this+is+my+testing+string
%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E+%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E%5E
++++++++++#1+++++++++++++++++++++++++#2|773061|解决此问题的一种方法是|773062|[alias]
++chs+=+!git+checkout+$1+&&+git+status+&&+git+echo+x+>/dev/null|773063|这将消耗额外的位置参数，因为它被应用于最后一个echo命令，并且对结果没有任何影响。|773064|entityMap^0|0|0|5|Y|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Y|8|@$I|Z|J|10|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$]]

The problem here is that the positional parameters seem to be getting sent to the shell command twice (as of git 1.9.2). To see what I mean, try this:

<pre><code>[alias]
 test = !git echo $*
</code></pre>

Then, do <code>git test this is my testing string</code>. You should observe the following output (last two lines edited here for clarity):

<pre><code>03:41:24 (release) ~/Projects/iOS$ git test this is my testing string
this is my testing string this is my testing string
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 #1 #2
</code></pre>

One way to work around this would be to 

<pre><code>[alias]
 chs = !git checkout $1 &amp;&amp; git status &amp;&amp; git echo x &gt;/dev/null
</code></pre>

This will consume the extra positional parameter as it gets applied to that last echo command and have no effect on the results.

blocks|key|773248|text|对于那些想要尝试不同别名的人来说，这是一个例子。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|773249|将其放入GIT配置文件的别名部分(例如~/.gitconfig)：|offset|length|style|CODE|773250|[alias]
++++a0+=+"!echo+$*"
++++a1+=+"!echo+$*+#"
++++a2+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+"
++++a3+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+#"
++++a4+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+\"$*\"+#"
++++a5+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+\"$@\"+#"
++++a6+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+\"$1\"+#"|code-block|syntax|javascript|773251|然后执行以下命令：|773252|cat+~/.gitconfig+%7C+grep+--extended-regexp+--+'(a[0-9])%7C(alias)'+;+\
echo+""+;+\
export+CMD+;+\
for+I+in+{0..6}+;+\
do+\
++++CMD="a""${I}"+;+\
++++echo+-n+"Executing+alias.${CMD}+=+"+;+\
++++git+config+--global+alias."${CMD}"+;+\
++++git+$CMD+'hoi+daar'+en+nu+;+\
++++git+$CMD+hoi+daar+en+nu+;+\
++++echo+""+;+\
done+;+\
unset+CMD+;|773253|应该将以下内容作为输出：|773254|[alias]
++++a0+=+"!echo+$*"
++++a1+=+"!echo+$*+#"
++++a2+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+"
++++a3+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+#"
++++a4+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+\"$*\"+#"
++++a5+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+\"$@\"+#"
++++a6+=+"!f+()+{+echo+\"$*\";+};+f+\"$1\"+#"

Executing+alias.a0+=+!echo+$*
hoi+daar+en+nu+hoi+daar+en+nu
hoi+daar+en+nu+hoi+daar+en+nu

Executing+alias.a1+=+!echo+$*+#
hoi+daar+en+nu
hoi+daar+en+nu

Executing+alias.a2+=+!f+()+{+echo+"$*";+};+f+
hoi+daar+en+nu
hoi+daar+en+nu

Executing+alias.a3+=+!f+()+{+echo+"$*";+};+f+#



Executing+alias.a4+=+!f+()+{+echo+"$*";+};+f+"$*"+#
hoi+daar+en+nu
hoi+daar+en+nu

Executing+alias.a5+=+!f+()+{+echo+"$*";+};+f+"$@"+#
hoi+daar+en+nu
hoi+daar+en+nu

Executing+alias.a6+=+!f+()+{+echo+"$*";+};+f+"$1"+#
hoi+daar
hoi|773255|entityMap^0|0|J|C|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|X|8|@$D|Y|E|Z|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|J|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|J|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$]]

An example for people who want to try out what different aliases do.
Putting this in the alias-section of GIT's configuration-file (e.g. <code>~/.gitconfig</code>) :
<pre><code>[alias]
 a0 = &quot;!echo $*&quot;
 a1 = &quot;!echo $* #&quot;
 a2 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f &quot;
 a3 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f #&quot;
 a4 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f \&quot;$*\&quot; #&quot;
 a5 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f \&quot;$@\&quot; #&quot;
 a6 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f \&quot;$1\&quot; #&quot;
</code></pre>
And then executing this command:
<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>cat ~/.gitconfig | grep --extended-regexp -- '(a[0-9])|(alias)' ; \
echo &quot;&quot; ; \
export CMD ; \
for I in {0..6} ; \
do \
 CMD=&quot;a&quot;&quot;${I}&quot; ; \
 echo -n &quot;Executing alias.${CMD} = &quot; ; \
 git config --global alias.&quot;${CMD}&quot; ; \
 git $CMD 'hoi daar' en nu ; \
 git $CMD hoi daar en nu ; \
 echo &quot;&quot; ; \
done ; \
unset CMD ;
</code></pre>
Should give this as output:
<pre><code>[alias]
 a0 = &quot;!echo $*&quot;
 a1 = &quot;!echo $* #&quot;
 a2 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f &quot;
 a3 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f #&quot;
 a4 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f \&quot;$*\&quot; #&quot;
 a5 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f \&quot;$@\&quot; #&quot;
 a6 = &quot;!f () { echo \&quot;$*\&quot;; }; f \&quot;$1\&quot; #&quot;

Executing alias.a0 = !echo $*
hoi daar en nu hoi daar en nu
hoi daar en nu hoi daar en nu

Executing alias.a1 = !echo $* #
hoi daar en nu
hoi daar en nu

Executing alias.a2 = !f () { echo &quot;$*&quot;; }; f 
hoi daar en nu
hoi daar en nu

Executing alias.a3 = !f () { echo &quot;$*&quot;; }; f #



Executing alias.a4 = !f () { echo &quot;$*&quot;; }; f &quot;$*&quot; #
hoi daar en nu
hoi daar en nu

Executing alias.a5 = !f () { echo &quot;$*&quot;; }; f &quot;$@&quot; #
hoi daar en nu
hoi daar en nu

Executing alias.a6 = !f () { echo &quot;$*&quot;; }; f &quot;$1&quot; #
hoi daar
hoi
</code></pre>

I am trying to create an alias that uses both multiple Git commands and positional parameters. There are Stackoverflow pages for each, and it would appear painfully obvious to do both, but I am having trouble.

As an example, I want to switch to branch foo and perform a status. So in my <code>.gitconfig</code>, I have:

<pre><code> [alias] 
 chs = !sh -c 'git checkout $0 &amp;&amp; git status'
</code></pre>

which doesn't work. Whereas something like this will work.

<pre><code>chs = !sh -c 'git checkout $0'

echoes = !sh -c 'echo hi &amp;&amp; echo bye'
</code></pre>

Any insight would be appreciated.

Git Alias - Multiple Commands and Parameters

Windows

我正在尝试创建一个同时使用多个Git命令和位置参数的别名。每一个都有Stackoverflow页面，而且很明显两个都要做，但我遇到了麻烦。例如，我想切换到分支foo并执行状态。所以在我的.gitconfig中，我有：  [alias]      chs = !sh -c 'git checkout $0 && git status'这不管用。然而，像这样的东西将会起作用。chs = !sh -c 

问Git Alias -多个命令和参数
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回答 9

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