在popover打开时向按钮添加css样式。当它关闭时将其移除

#popover-button {
  background-color: red;
}

<button id="popover-button" data-toggle="popover" data-content="Popover content">Open Popover</button>

<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
  // 初始化popover
  $('[data-toggle="popover"]').popover();

  // 当popover打开时，为按钮添加样式
  $('[data-toggle="popover"]').on('shown.bs.popover', function () {
    $('#popover-button').addClass('popover-open');
  });

  // 当popover关闭时，移除按钮的样式
  $('[data-toggle="popover"]').on('hidden.bs.popover', function () {
    $('#popover-button').removeClass('popover-open');
  });
});
</script>