如何在执行时检查和安装Python中缺少的模块

import importlib

def check_missing_modules():
    modules = ['module1', 'module2', 'module3']  # 需要检查的模块列表
    missing_modules = []
    
    for module in modules:
        try:
            importlib.import_module(module)
        except ModuleNotFoundError:
            missing_modules.append(module)
    
    if missing_modules:
        print("缺少以下模块：")
        for module in missing_modules:
            print(module)
    else:
        print("所有模块都已安装")

import subprocess

def install_missing_modules():
    modules = ['module1', 'module2', 'module3']  # 需要安装的模块列表
    
    for module in modules:
        try:
            importlib.import_module(module)
        except ModuleNotFoundError:
            subprocess.check_call(['pip', 'install', module])